US2049391A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

.July 28, 1936. VW 1 GE; 2,049,391

PUMPA Filed Feb. 4, 1956 5 Sheets-Sheet l W. J. GEE

July 28, 1936.

PUMP

Filed Feb. 4, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 W. J. GEE

'.Iuly 28, 1936.

PUMP

Filed Feb. 4, 1936 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATTORNEY Patented July 28, 15936 PATENT OFFICE PUMP William John Gee, London, England, assignor to The Gee Pump Company Limited, London,

England VApplication February 4, 1936, Serial No. 62,317

In Great Britain April 28, 1934 6 anims. (c1. 10s- 156) I have led applications in Great Britain on the 28th April, 1934; 27th June, 1934 and 25th October, 1934.

The present invention relates to improvements 5 -in pumps having a number of pistons working in parallel. One of the objects of the invention is to provide pumps of large capacity and comparatively small size, suitable for use, for instance, as oilpumps or deep well pumps. At

lpresent, deep well pumps usually have a very long stroke and a very small number of strokes per unit of time, and they are very bulky.

Y This object of increasing the capacity and reducing the size of the pump is, according to the l-linvention, attained by providing a pump with a number, preferably a considerable number of pump compartments and corresponding working pistons, which work synchronously with a short stroke less than the diameter of the piston. The

20'- individual pump compartments work in parallel so that the rate f delivery of the pump equals l the sum of the rates of delivery of the individual compartments.` For the same number of strokes perV minute the capacity of the pump will there- 25' forebe equal to that of an ordinary single piston pump of about the same size having a much longer stroke, whilst with an increased number of strokes per minute, which is rendered possible by the reduced length of the stroke, the delivery 30l of the pump may be made higher than that of an ordinary single piston long stroke pump of about the same size.

According to one construction, the improved pump comprises a relatively long working cylin- 35 derdivided axially into a number of compartments. A central rod operated by any suitable means, for instance, by an eccentric crank or the like acting upon one end of the rod, is fitted within each compartment of the working cylinder 4-0l with a collar adapted to operate as a piston, there being therefore one collar or piston for each compartment into which` the cylinder is divided.

l A preferred construction, particularly suitable 45 for mines, which facilitates assembly ofthe parts,

is thev following:-

A pump cylinder consists of one long cylinder in which the compartments are formed by discs separated and held at the required distance by `cylinder liners, the vwhole being secured by a screwed cap at one end or by screwed members at both ends. The pistons working in the cornpartments are formed of plates mounted upon a common piston rod and separated by distance pieces or tubes, the wholeA being locked in position by one `or more screwed ends. 'Ihe pump cylinder and the associated valve chambers and valves are mounted in a common tube of large diameter in such a manner that a suction conduit and a delivery conduit are formed in the 5 tube on opposite sides oi the pump cylinder, and alongside thereof. The arrangement may also be such that the pump cylinder is mounted in the centre of atube of largediameter but in such a manner that two conduits formed in the tube on ,opposite sides of the pump and alongside thereof are each used both as a suction and a delivery conduit. The latter arrangement is particularly suitable for submerged mine pumps. Each compartment may have two ports in the side, one at each end of the compartment, These portsV may be controlled by positively operated valves, and the valves may be slide valves, and act alternately as suction and delivery valves. The valve may receive a reciprocatory movement, for instance, in the axial Ymovement of the pump or an oscillatory or rotary movement about an axis parallel to the axis of thepump. When using positively operated valves it is possible to operate all or say one half of the valves simultaneously and synchronously by a common operating member. Instead of using positively operated valves, automatic suction and delivery valves may be used and in that case the common cylinder may again be arranged in the centre of a common tube of large diameter, and conduits formed in the tube on opposite sides of the pump and alongside therewith may each be used alternately as a suction and delivery conduit. Such a construction is particularly suitable for deep well pumps, lthe liquid owing then substantiallyin an axial direction through the common tube.

' In all cases the pump may be made double acting in all the compartments by suitable arrange- 40 ments of the ports and the valves.

In order to reduce vibration and hammer which are liable to occur at high speeds, resilient means are interposed according to the invention between the pistons working in the individual compartments and their drive so as to obtain a cushioning effect at each end of the stroke. For instance, the pistons are not rigidly mounted on the common rod, but are capable of a limited axial sliding movement thereon, and suitable spring washers are interposed between the pistons and the tubular distance pieces.

The invention also provides an improved and simplied gear for operating a number of pistons and associated valves from a common rotating shaft. According to the invention, a piston rod carrying a number of pistons is operated from the strap of an eccentric mounted upon the rotating shaft, whilst two sets of valves associated with the pistons, are operated by a rocking lever and interposed links, the rocking lever receiving its oscillating movement from the strap of the eccentric.

According to one construction of the operating gear, an eccentric mounted upon ahorizontal shaft is provided with a strap having a depending exten,-

sion or arm to which is pivoted the connection rod of the pistons. Upon the same shaft is loosely mounted a three-armed rocking lever. In the middle position of the rocking lever, one arm is in the vertical position and the other tWo arms` are in the horizontal position, theeccentric being then either in the top or the bottom dead centre. One of the horizontal arms is connected by a pair of links with one set of Valves and the other horizontal arm is connected -by-a pairvo'f links with another set of valves, the two sets of valves being arrangedy diametrically opposite with regardA to the common cylinder of the pump.` The vertical Varm is connected by a transverse member with a rod extending vertically from the top o f the strap. During rotation of the shaft `the eccentricoperates by means of the strap all the pistons, and the oscillation ofthe strap is transmitted by the upwardly extending rod to the rock-- ing lever, whereby the two sets of valves are operated. In all the preferred constructions the pistons do not contain any valves and all the valves are arranged outside the compartments. The improved gear has the advantage of great Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation on line I-I ofv Fig. 2 of "a pump having positively'operated slide valves.

Fig. 2 is a section on line'II-II of Fig.'1; Fig. 3 is a cross section on line III- III of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is atop view of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is 'a lpartial'cross section on line `V-V of Fig. 1. Fig.6 `is'a sectional elevation of a modified construction in'which spring `washers are interposedv between' the pistons and their drive. 2 Fig. 7 is a section on line VII-VII of Fig. v6.

, Fig. V8 shows in 'sectional'elevation' a pump suit--l of a'cover 6 xed by means of boltsr'. lar casing I is divided by a transverse pump body tubularV outer casingclosed at the lower endl by a base plate 5'1ixed to the casing I by bolts 8, and having a suction conduit 2 and a delivery conduitV 3. The casing is closed at the top by means 'I'he tubu- 4 into two separate chambers Illjand I-I, the chamber I0 co-mmunicatingwith the suction 2 and the chamber II communicating with the delivery3. The pump vbody "Il hasV a 'cylindrical bore I2 in which four ypump compartments I3, I4, I5 and I6 are formed by end discs I 1, I8, I9 and 20 which are held at the required distance by cylindrical liners 9, 9, 9, 9 of the pump body l. In the compartments I3, I, I5 and i6 work four pistons` 2l mounted upon av common piston rod 22 and held upon said rod at the required distance Vby tubular distance pieces or sleeves 23.l Each compart-V a rod 26 guided vertically in a gland 29 of the cover 6. The suction ports 24, 25 are controlled by. a common plate-shaped member 3 verticallyv guided upon the face of the pump body Il in guiden ways 3l, 3l Xed to the face of the pump body, said plate member 3S having ports 32 adapted to register with the section ports 24 and 25. In the middle position of the plate `3Elthe ports A32 register with the discsII, I3, I9, 20 and whenl moved from this middle position in ithe :one or the other direction, open adjacent suction por-ts.` The delivery ports 26, 2.7 are controlled by a sim--` ilar plate r33 guided in Ways 3@ and provided with. discharge openings 35. Y f

v*The pistons 2l and the-valve plates 3U andi A33 are operated from a common shaft 3G mounted in ball bearings Si, 38 carried byuprights 39,110; fixed upon the cover 6 -by-Vbolts Upon the shaftV 36 are iixedly mounted `two identical eccentrica fil, di having a common strap 42 whichvis pivotally connected by a bolt' 43 with the upper end of fthe rod 23; Between theecc'entrics loosely mountedupon the shaft 35 a three-armedV lever de, 45, 45. The middle arm Ill of this lever.

' is slidabie in a lvertical borefi of a `cylindrical 52 being! connected with -plate 33. Upon 'roltation of the shaft A35 the rod 28 is reciprocating vertically by theieccentrics il and drives the four pistons 2i. At Vthe same time, the Iplatevalves 3E! and B3 are operated in opposite directions by the three- armed lever 45, 35, d5 which Areceives its movement from the-eccentricstrap armf48,v48-` through a cross member ill and Adrives `the valves by means of links IIB. iia'nd rods 5I, 52;

VIt Vwill be seen that by this mechanismV the valves receive -a very quick opening and closing,

movement.

-The construction of the pump is very simple and thepar'ts can be-easilyr assembled. Tlieccn'- struction is extremely compact' particularly ifv compared with the usual `well pumps having a'single piston and a'comparativelydong stroke. f

Y Inorder -to reduce vibration and vhammer which may occur at high speeds., resilient means maybe` interposed betweenthe pistons working in the individualcompartments and their drive vsofas to obtain a cushioning effect at e'ach-'endof the stroke. A construction serving this purpose --is shown in Figs. 6 and '7. In these figures 22 in'di cates a common piston rod, -2I, 2l are -pistons workingfincompartments I4, I5; Vlil and 20 arey end discs, and 273, 23, 23 are tubulardistance members holdingthe pistons 2-I apart. "Betw'een the tubular distancemern'bers'vZS and thepistons 2 I are jinterposed spring'lwashers v-56 through whichthedrive is transmitted d Y .Figs. 8, 9 and 10 illustrate a construction according to the invention in which automatic suction and Vdelivery valves are used. In this construction a tubular outer casing 60 is integral with a pump body 6| having a cylindrical bore, the annular space between the casing 60 and the pump body 6| being closed at the lower end by an integral plate 62 and being closed at the top by an integral plate 63, and is divided by two longitudinal ribs 64, 64 into two chambers 65, 66. Each of these chambers alternately acts as a suction and a delivery conduit. The pump body 6| is closed at the` top by a screwed-in cover 61 and at the bottom by a screwed-in cover 68. In the plate 62 are mounted automatic suction valves 80, ve such valves being provided on either side. The lift of the valve isv limited by stops 10 screwed into the outer casing. A perforated basket 1| is fixed by means ofV a, bolt 12 to the bottom 63 of the pump body. A chamber 13 formed above the pump body communicates with a delivery pipe 14 screwed into the top of the chamber 13. In the chamber 13 are mounted delivery valves 15 having their seats in the plate 63. The lift of the delivery valves 15 is limited by stops 16 screwed into the top of the chamber 13. There are ten delivery valves. The chamber 13 is reinforced by ribs 11. In the pump body 6| are formed six pump compartments 18, 19, 80, 8|, 82, 83 by means of end discs 80 and tubular liners 85. Each of the compartments has at the top ports 86 and at the bottom ports 81, the ports 81 communicating with the semi-annular chamber 66 and the ports 86 communicating wth the semi-annular chamber 65. All these ports alternately act as suction and delivery ports. In the pump compartments 18-83 work pistons 88 which are mounted upon a common piston rod 89 and are held at the required distance by tubular distance pieces 90. The lowest piston 88 is held by a nut 9|. upon the rod 89 and the top piston is held by a shoulder 92. The upper end of the piston rod 89 is guided in a gland 93 of the end disc 61.

The reciprocating of the piston rod 89 may be obtained in any suitable manner, for instance, by an eccentric drive. Upon reciprocation of the piston'rod 89 the pistons move synchronously in their respective compartments. During the downward stroke liquid is drawn in through the ports 86 and the valves 69 of the chamber 65 and simultaneously liquid is delivered through the ports 81 into the chamber 66 and through the delivery Valves 15 communicating with this chamber. During the upward stroke liquid is drawn in through the valves 69 into the chamber 66 and through the ports 81 and at the same time liquid is delivered above the piston through the ports 86 into the chamber 65 and through the delivery valve 16 communicating with that chamber.

It will be seen that in this construction, too, all the parts can be easily assembled and dismounted and that a very high capacity is obtained with a comparatively small size.

Figs. 11 and 12 show a construction embodying the features of the invention of a twin pump, each of the units having four compartments and both units being controlled by a comon multiple rotary valve.

is a tubular outer casing having a suction conduit |9| and a delivery conduit |02. The casing is closed at the top by means of a cover |03 bolted to the casing by means of screws |04, and is closed at the bottom by means of a base plate |05 xed to the casing by bolts |06. The tubular casing |00 is divided by a transverse pump body |01 into two separate chambers |08 and' |09 of which the chamber |88 communicates with -the suction v|0| and the chamber |09 communicates with the delivery |02. The pump body |01 has two cylindrical bores ||0 and which are divided each into four compartments ||2 by means of end discs ||3. The end discs are held at the required distance by cylindrical liners I4. Each compartment has two ports l5 and |6 and each of these ports alternately acts as suction and delivery port. discs. Each port is alternately brought into communication with the chamber |08 and |89 by means of a rotary valve member I1 mounted in a central bore IIB of the pump body |01. The central bore I8 communicates with the chambers |88 and |09 by means of lateral ports |9 and |20. The valve member ||1 has recesses |2| and |22 adapted to establish communication between` the ports H5, ||6 and the ports ||9, |20. Pistons |23 working in the pump compartments are mounted on two piston rods |24, |24 and are held at the required distance apart by cylindrical tubes |25, the lowest piston being held by nuts |26 and the top pistons being held axially by cylindrical sleeves |21. The two piston rods |24 are driven from a common shaft |28 which is mounted in ball bearings |29, |29 carried by the cover |03. The piston rods are driven by eccentrics |39, |30 mounted upon the shaft |28 at a phase angle of 90. The common distributing valve I1 is driven from the shaft by bevel gears |3| and |32 at hali the speed of the shaft |23.

It will be seen that in this construction too, all the parts can be easily assembled and dismounted and that the capacity of the pump is very high considering the size of the pump.

Whilst it is, of course, possible to use'any suitable kind of pistons, some preferred piston constructions are indicated in the drawings.

I claim:

1. A pump having a plurality of tandem pumping units, comprising a cylinder body having a cylindrical bore, there being a chamber on each side of the cylinder body, a plurality of liners in the bore of the cylindrical body, a spacing disc between adjacent liners, a cylinder heat at each end of the bore, the liners, discs and heads forming cylinders, there being ports connecting the ends of the cylinders with the chambers at the sides of the cylinder body, a. piston` rod, and a piston in each cylinder connected to the piston rod.

2. A pump having a plurality of tandem pumping units, comprising a cylinder body having a cylindrical bore, there being a chamber on each side of the cylinder body, a plurality of liners in the bore of the cylindrical body, a spacing disc between adjacent liners, a cylinder head at each end of the bore, the liners, discs and heads forming cylinders, there being ports connecting the ends of the cylinders with the chambers at the sides of the cylinder body, a piston rod, a piston in each cylinder on the piston rod, a spacing sleeve on the rod between adjacent pistons, and means for clamping the pistons and spacing sleeves on the piston rod.

3. A pump having a plurality of tandem pumping units, comprising a cylinder body having a cylindrical bore, there being a chamber on each side of the cylinder body, an inlet valve for each chamber, an outlet valve for each chamber, a plurality of liners in the bore of the cylinder body, a spacing disc between adjacent liners, a

The ports extend through the endV cylinder head at each end of the bore,A the liners,

discs andheads forming cylinders, there beingl ports connecting the ends ofthe cylinders with the chambers atthe sides 4of the cylinder body,

a piston rod, and a piston in each cylinder connected to they piston rod. f

4. A pump having a plurality of tandem pumping units comprising a body having a cylindrical bore,` a shell-on the exterior of the body, there being a chamber on each side of the body between the. body and the shell, a plurality of liners in the bore of theV cylinder body, a spacing disc between adjacent liners a cylinder head at each end of the bore, the liners, discs and heads forming cylinders,A there being ports connecting the endsy between adjacent liners, a cylinder head at each end of the bore the liners, discs and heads forming cylinders, there being ports connecting the:

ends'of thecylinders with thecharnbers at.. the

sidesv of the cylinder body, a piston rod, a piston in each cylinder on the piston roda spacing sleeve on the rod between adjacent pistons, resilient means between the pistons and* adjacentV spacing sleeves and means for clamping the pis-M tons and spacing sleeves on the piston rod.. 'n

Y 6. A pump having a plurality of tandem pumping units, comprising a body having a cylindricaly bore centrally thereof, there being archamber;

in the body on each side of thebore, a plurality of liners' in the bore, a spacing disc between ad-V jacent liners, a cylinder'y head at each end'. of the bore, the liners, discs and heads forming cylinders, there being ports connecting the ends ofk the cylinders with the. chambers at the sides of the bore, al piston rod, a piston'` in each cylinder' connected to the piston rod, an inlet Valve for each chamber, and an outlet valve for each chamber. Y

WILLIAM JOHN GEEL

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