US2048467A - Grinding machine - Google Patents

Description

July 21, 1936.

E. G. RoEHM 2,048,467

n GRINDING MACHINE Filed NOV. 5,1934 l e sheets-sheet 2 ATTORNEY.

July 21, 1936. E- G. ROEHM 2,048,467`

' y GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 5, 1954 e sheets-sheet s `Jai Z 4 J/g 227 (6 :zzz l /zf; i?

y *ZIJ fin j ifa' 1% @if ZZ'Q.' 7 u July 21, 1936. l E. G. RQEHM 2,048,467

GRINDINGMACHINE Filefi Nov. 5, 1934 6 Sheets-Sheet 44 lig: c7

J4? INVENTOR.

Ew f//v 7] r' AA/071,4.

l ATTORNEY.

July 21, 1936. E. G. RoEHM 2,048,467

l GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 5, 1934 GVSheets-Sheet 5 Izq 72 Z5 fm ATTORNEY.

Patented July 21, 1936 Pii'rEN'rf orifice :mais: Gamma momma Erwin G. Boehm, Norwood. Ohio. assignor to Cincinnati Grinders Incorporated,

Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application November 5, 1934,

24 calm. (ci. sr-iosi This invention relates to improvements in machine tool structures, and particularly to an attachment or sizing device for use with grinding machines.

One of the principal objects pf the invention is the provision of a sizing device adapted to operate when the work is either above the desired size or below said size to effect a correction of the position of the parts so thatv subsequent lwork pieces are reduced to the desired size.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a very sensitive device utilizing hydraulic pressures for the control and amplifying means whereby minute variations from the normal or desired sizes releases the amplifying pressures i for effecting the operation of the control mecha-l nism.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a sizing device which is particularly adapted for use with centerless grinders for producing successive work pieces to the same desired size and in which the sizing device controls the size of the grinding throat for enlarging said throat if the work pieces produced are under the desired size and for contracting said throat if the work pieces are over the desired size.l v

A further object of the invention is the-provision of a sizing device as above specied in which the increments of feed as eifected thereby may-l be varied for thereby varying the tolerance within which the work pieces may be produced.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention should be readily apparent -by reference tothe following specification, considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings forniing a part thereof and it is to be understood that any modifications may be made in the exact structural details there shown and described, within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from or exceeding the spirit of the invention.

In the drawings: l

Figure 1 is a rear elevational view of a centerless grinder embodying the improvements of this invention.

Figure 2 is a' top plan view of shown in Figure 1.`

Figure 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal, sectional view through the machine taken on line 3-3 on Figure 2.

' Figure 4 is a sectional view through the housing enclosing the operating mechanism as seen from line 4-4 on Figure l.

Figure 5 is' a sectional view through the feeler the machine mechanism which is engaged by the finishedwork Y piece as seen from line 5`5 on Figure 3.

Figure 6 is asectional view through the delayv valve which insures the work being properlylpositioned relative to the gaging mechanism before 5 the operation thereof. v

Figure '7 is a sectional view through the eut-off valve which insures the machine being properlyset up before placed in use.

Figure 8 is a sectional view through the feeding 10 mechanismv which is coupled with the sizing device and operated thereby; the figure being as seen substantially from line 8-8 on Figure 3.

Figure 9 is a sectional view showing the parts operated by the sizing device in elevation as seen 15 from line 9-9 on Figure 8. y

lFigure 10 is a sectional view taken substantially at right angles to Figure A9 as seen from line Iii-Ill on Figure 8.

Figure 11 is a sectional view through the dia- 20 phragm valve mechanism as seen from line l l--l I on Figure' i.

Figure l2 is a view as seen substantially from line i2-'I2 on Figure l and illustrates in elevation the throat of a4 centerless grinder'wlth the 25 improved sizing device in position relative thereto.

Figure 13 is a diagrammatic view of the hydraulic circuit involved in this invention.

Figure 14 is a sectional view taken at right vangles to Figure 9 as seen fromline M-Il on 30 Figure 9.

Figure 15 is a sectional view through a pressure operated switch and forming a detail of the invencion. r

Throughout the `several views Vof the drawings 35 similar reference characters are employed, toV denote the sameor similar parts.

As was noted above, this invention pertains primarily to a sizing device for controlling the size of work pieces as they are produced by amachine 4o tool. In view of the fact that grinding machines are adapted to produce series of work pieces, all within very close fractional limitsof one another and a predetermined size, the invention is illustrated in connection therewith. Center-less 45 grinders are frequently set 'u`p and run day after day on the same workpiece, such as wrist pins as utilized in internal combustion engines. the machines being shut down at night and started up again in the morning without changing the type 504 prises a supporting member 62 having oppositely inclined faces 63 and 464 near its upper end. Disposed on said inclined faces respectively are supporting blades 65 and 66 adjustable respectively relative to plates 61 and 68 secured to the l faces 63 and 64. The means for adjusting the supportingblades relative to their plates is shown in Figure 3 in connection with the blade 66 and since the structure thereof is clear from the drawings no further description is deemed' necessary. l The supporting member 62 is adapted to be vertically adjusted relative to the bracket 6| for which purpose the said bracket has projecting therefrom a shelf 69 on which is disposed a jack screw 19 engaging on its upper end with the member 62 and whereby it is positioned to accuporting blades 65 and 66 the bracket 6| has projecting therefrom a nut 18 through which is threaded an adjusting screw 14 having at its lower end a'swivel connection with the housingl 1| and -at its upper end a knob'.15 whereby the screw 14 is rotated. Between the work rest blade 21 and the work supporting blades 85and 66 is a cleaning mechanism for removing from the surface'of the work moisture and foreign matter such as grit from the wheel before the work is presented to the gaging mechanism. This mechanism comprises a ring or circular member 16 secured to the bracket 6|. Fastened to the outer face of the ring 16 'is a wiper 11 adapted as the work passes through the ring to clean the surface thereof, whereby no extraneous matter influences the gaging of the work.

The structure of the sizing device is shown in Figure and comprises a plunger 18 having the feeler point 19 projecting beyond the housing` 1|.

The plunger 18 ls held in position for vertical p movement by a pair of flexible diaphragms 89 and 8| respectively heldin operative position by cap plates 82 and 83 and it is through the latter which the contact member 19 projects. The other or upper end of theplunger 18 is provided with a knife edge 84 disposed in a notch 85 in a lever 86. One end ofthe lever 88 is secured to.

the diaphragm 81 held in position by a plug 88 screwed into a ange 89 integral with the upper cap 82. The outer end of the lever 88 contacts with thelower end 99 of a valve member 9|, and in addition, supports an electrical contact 92 to which one wire 93 of .an electrical circuit is secured. The contact 92 is-adapted to engage a spring arm electrical contact 94 secured to a binding post 95 disposed within the housing 1| and to this binding post the second-wire 96 of the electrical circuit is secured.

The movement of the' plunger 18 by the ywork 89 first breaks the electrical circuit by separat-f f ing contacts 92 and 94 and then positions the valve member 9| in accordance with the size of the work beings gaged. The separation of'the electrical contacts sets in operation .the gaging mechanism, as will now be described with particular reference to the hydraulic diagram, Figure 13. Duringgthe description of the hydraulic circuit the various valve mechanisms and their operating means will be described in detail with reference to the several structural views in which they are shown. A

The wires 98 and 96 are connected to a sole` noid 91 which sets the compensating mechanism in operation when the work piece is disposed in position to be operated upon. For `this purpose the solenoid is comiected with a valve mechanism indicated in general in Figure 13 by the reference character 98. This valve mechanism 98 is normally held by the solenoid in .an inoperative position as shown in Figures 6 and 13. Upon de-energization of the solenoid, whenthe con tacts 92 and 94 are separated, the valve mechanism is yieldably shifted to its operative position. The specific mechanism is shown in Figures 4 and 6 as follows: g

The core 89 of the solenoid 91 has pivotally connected therewith one end of a link |99 which has its other end pivotally connected to an arm |9| pivoted intermediate its ends at |92 to the Y valve housing A|99 of the valve mechanism 98.

lThe second or reduced end |94 of the arm |9| is received in a transverse groove or' notch |95 formed in the stem of valve member |96. The solenoid 91, in normally retaining the valve mechanism 98 inoperative, holds under tension a spring |91 having one end connected to the arm |9| and the other end connected to the outside of the valve housing |93. The valve mechanism 98 and the solenoid'91 are supported and enclosed by a suitable bracket |98' secured to.

the rear of the bed I5.

As seen in Figure 6the valve member |96 disposed for sliding moyement in a valve bush- 4tion therebetween.

The bushing |98 at the lower end of the bore for the valve member |96 carries a one-way check valve 2 which forms a chamber at the bottom of the valve member 96. The said chamber I8 is connected by a port ||4 with a discharge port ||5. Between the ports ||4 and i5 the bushing |98 carries an adjustable choke or throttle valve ||6 past which the medium sin the chamber ||8 must be forced into the discharge port H5.

By reference to Figure 13 it will be noted that the ports |99 have connected therewith one end oi a pipe or conduit ||1 which terminates at its other end in the sizing valve mechanism indicated in general in Figure 13 by the reference numeral ||8. The ports ||9 have `connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit ||9 which terminates in the pressure pipe or conduit |29 terminating at its other end in a circulating pump |2|. The pipe or'conduit |29 has a bypass pipe orconduit |22 containing a relief valve '|28 which determines the pressure in the pipe |29 and therefore the operating pressure in the system. Extending'from the other side of the pump |2| is the suction pipe |24 terminating in the sump or tank |25 which may be located interiorly of the machine bed. or a separate tank may be utilized and disposed exteriorly thereof. Upon de-energization of the solenoid 91 the spring iu'l actuates the arms |9|, as seen in Figure 4, for urging the valve member |06 downward. This causes the hydraulic medium in the chamber I I3 to be forced outwardly through the Vports ||4 and |'|5 to the pipe or conduit |26, see Figure 13, which is vconnected with the discharge port ||5 and the sump or tank |25. The valve member |06 is held in its upper or shut-off position by hydraulic pressure which enters the chamber ||3 through the one-way check valve ||2. For this purpose the check valve ||2 is connected with onev end of a pipe or conduit |21 which has its other end connected with the pressure pipe or conduit |20.

The downward movement of the `valve member |06, as effected by the spring |01, is retarded by the adjustable throttle or choke valve |`6, thereby eiecting a time interval or delay between the opening of the contacts 92 and 94 andthe actual gaging operation and the operation of the mechanism controlled thereby. It will be appreciated, however, that as soon as the valve member |06 is depressed to its operative position the pressure in the pipes or conduits |20 and ||9 is connected with the pipe or conduit I1 and therefore the valve-mechanism ||8. This-valve mechanism ||8 is shown structurally in Figure 5 and includes the valve member 9| from which the conical point 90 projects. This valve member 9| is disposed in a valve bushing |28 pressed into the housing 1|. The valve bushing |28 is provided with a plurality of sets of radial ports |29, |30,

|3| and |32, each set being encircled by a similar circumferential groove |33 formed in the exterior ofthe bushing |28. Within the bushing |28 the valve member 9| is provided with a plurality of piston portions for forming reduced portions or cannelures |34 and |35 adaptedrespectively tov connect the ports |3| and |30, and |3| and |32,

depending upon the position of the valve memr ber. The bushing |28 is provided, interiorly thereof with a groove |36 whichv connectsthe central ports |3| and the groove |36 is of such a width as to be substantially sealed by the piston portion |31 on the valve member 9| when the said valve member is in its central position such as would be the position when the' work piece being gaged is of the proper or desired size as shown, for example, in Figure 5.

As was noted above, the lower end or conical point of the valve member 9| rides 0n the outer end of the arm 86 and in order to maintain this condition the `valve member 9| has contacting with its upper end one end of a spring |38, the other end of which contacts with a plug |49 threaded into the end of the bushing |28. The valve bushing |28, and therefore the valve member 9|, are adapted to be axially adjusted relative to the housing 1|. For this purpose the housing has threaded into it a nut member |4|, which isin turn threaded to the bushing |28. As is usual practice, the two threaded connections are of diierent leads whereby a differential threaded connection is had between the parts so that the adjustment of the bushing |28 may be extremely ne and accurate. As seen in Figure 13, the pipe or conduit ||1 from the valve mechanism 98 is connected with the central set of ports |3| of the bushing |26, while the ports |30 and |32 have respectively connected therewith one end of pipes or conduits |42 and |43 which terminate at their other ends in a diaphragm valve mechanism indicated in general in Figure 13 by the reference numeral |44. The remaining ports |29 and 3|6 have connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit |45 which terminates in the sump or-tank |25 and serves as a drain for returning to the sump any fluid that may leak past the valve member 9|.

The diaphragm valve mechanism |44 is shown structurally in Figure 11. This mechanism com- 5 prises three housings |46, |41 and |48 secured to one another and having between the upper housing |46 and intermediate housing |41 afexible diaphragm |49 and a similar diaphragm |50 between the other side of the intermediate housing |41 and lower housing |48. The diaphragms |49 and |50 form between them a chamber |5I, while the diaphragm |49 forms within the housing |46 a second chamber |52 and the diaphragm |59 forms within the housing |48 a third chamber |53. 4Carried by the housing |46 is a sleeve |54 through which is formed a port |55 having formed at its inner end a valve seat adapted to be engaged by a valve |56 carried by the diaphragm |49. The housing |48 carries a similar 20 sleeve |51 having formed therethrough a port |58 with a valve seat at its inner end likewise contacted by a valve |59 carried by the diaphragm |50.

The chamber |52 within the housing |46 has communicating therewith a pair of ports |60 and |6| formed in the housing |46 at substantially diametrical points thereof. The housing 41 likewise has formed therethrough a pair of ports |62 and |63 which communicate with the chamber |5| formed within said housing between the diaphragms |49 and |50. The housing |48 also is provided with a pair of diametrical ports |64 and |65 which communicate with the chamber |53 within the housing |48.

By reference to Figure 13 it will be noted that the pipe or conduit |42 is connected with the port |64 of the housing |48, while the port |60 of the housing |46 has connected therewith the end of the pipe or conduit |43. The sleeve port |55 has connected therewith the terminus of the pressure `pipe or conduit |20, while the other sleeve port |58 has connected therewith one end or terminus of a pipe or conduit |66 which extends from .the /pressure pipe or conduit 20. The port |62 o'f the housing |41 is likewise conl nected with one end of a pipe or conduit |61 which extends from the pressure pipe or conduit |20. The pipe or conduit |61, however, has' therein a choke or needle valve |68 which effects a pressure drop between the pipe or conduit 20 and the chamber 5|. From the foregoing it will be noted that the diaphragm valves |56 'and |59 -have respectively acting thereon Vthe full pressure, tending to unseat said valves. Opposed to this,. however, is the pressure within thechamber 5| as eiected by the hydraulic resistance valve |68 which, while lower than that acting on the valve, acts on a greater area for thereby preventing the unseating of said valves |56 60 and |59.

The port |6| of the housing 46 has connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit |69 which terminates on its other end in a hydraulic plunger mechanism indicated in general in Figure 13 by 65 reference numeral |10. The pipe or conduit |69 is further connected by way of a branch conduit |1| with a valve mechanism indicated in general in Figure 13 by the reference numeral |12. The corresponding port has connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit |13 which terminates on its other end in a hydraulic plunger mechanism indicated in general in Figure 13 by the reference character |14 and it should be noted that the plunger 75 lseo mechanism |14 is similar in all respects with the plunger mechanism |10, which will be. described in detail later. 'I he pipe or conduit |13 is connected with the valve mechanism |12 by a branch pipe or conduit |16. The ports |63 ofthe in; termediate housing |41 have connected therewith the upper end of the discharge pipe or conduit, |26 which contains a hydraulic resistance or choke coil |16 which maintains a back pressure in the chamber |6| to hold the diaphragm valves to their seats as explained above.

The plunger mechanisms |10 and |14 and the parts operated thereby are shown structurally in Figures 8, 9, 10, and 14 and comprise a housing |16 secured to a flange |11 on the end of the swivel bracket 63 and disposed between said bracket and the hand wheel 66. The housing |16 has secured therein. a pair of sleeves or cylinders |18 and |19 respectively encircling pistons |80 and |6| of plungers |62 and |83. The plungers |82 and |83 are respectively associated with the plunger mechanisms |10 and |14. The plunger |82 has secured to its lower end a second piston portion |84, while the plunger |83` has likewise secured to its lower end a second piston |85. The said pistons |84 and |86 are respectively disposed within sleeves or cylinders |86 and |81 carried by the lower end of the housing |16, while the cylinders |16 and |19 are carried by the upper end thereof. 4

The upper end of cylinder |18 is closed by a plug |88 through which is formed a port |89, while the cylinder |19 is likewise closed by a plug |90 through which is formed a port I9|.

The lower cylinders |66 and |81 are respectively provided with a set of radial ports |92 and |93, each set being encircled by a groove |94 and |96 respectively formed in the exterior of the v cylinders |86 and |81.

By reference to Figure 13 it will be noted that the pipe or conduit |69 from the diaphragm valve mechanism |-44 terminates in the' port |89 for the cylinder |18, while the pipe or conduit |13 terminates in the port |9| of the cylinder |19. By reference to Figure 9 it will be noted that the housing |16 is provided with a port |96 communicating at opposite ends with the radial ports |93 in the cylinder |81 and radial ports |92 in the cylinder |86. Connected with the port |96-is a pipe or conduit |81 which extends from the main pressure pipe or conduit |20.

Each ofthe plungers |82 and |33 has pivotally secured 'thereto an L-shaped pawl |98 and |99 and adapted respectively to engage the teeth of a ratchet 200iand 20|. As shown in Figure 10,` the ratchets 200 and 20| are integral with one another, and as shown in Figure 9, have their teeth extending in opposite directions wherefore the one of the bearings carried bythe housing |16.

'I'he tension in the spring 206 eifectively removes backlash between the teeth of the worms 203 and 204 and a worm wheel 206 with which said worms mesh. The worm wheel 206 is loosely mounted on the shaft 62 journaled within the swivel bracket 63.

Keyed to the shaft 62 is a sleeve 201 which provides a spline connection and sliding bearing for a clutch member 208 which is provided on its inner end with a conical clutch face adapted to engage a contragenerically formed clutch face on the 5 worm wheel 206. In order to disengage the clutch member 208 from the worm wheel the said clutch member is provided with' a circumferential groove 208 receiving therein a roller eccentrically connected with a shaft 2|0 which projects beyond 10 the housing |16 to receive a handle 2| Rotation of the shaft 2|0 by the handle 2|| will, as will readily be understood, disengage the conical clutch faces whereby the shaft 62 may be actuatedby the hand wheel 66. In order to hold the conical clutch 15 faces in engagement with one another when the worm wheel 206 is to be connected with the shaft 62 there is provided a spring pressed plunger 2|2 contacting with the cutch member 208.

From the foregoing it will be noted that, de- 20.

pending upon which of the plungers |82 and |63 is actuated, will depend the direction of rotation of the shaftl 202 and therefore the direction` of ro-f tation of the worm. 206 and shaft 52. From this it followsthat the oscillation of the grinding wheel 25 carriage toward or from the axis of the work will be controlled by the size of the work being gaged. In order to determine the amount of rotation of the shaft 202 in either direction as eilected by the movement of the plungers |82 or |83- the 30 I housing |16 has threaded therethrough a pair of adjusting screws 2|3 and 2|4 respectively engaging the tails 2|5 and 2|6 of the pawls |98 and |89. To actuate the said pawls 98 and |99 into engagement with their respective ratchets, there 35 is provided spring pressed plungers 2| 1 and 2|8 respectively acting on pawls |98 and |99.

Continuing now with the hydraulic circuit as shown in Figure i3, each of the pipes or conduits |69 and |13 respectively have therein a one way 40 check valve 2|9 and 220 which permits a flow through said pipes or conduits to the plungers but not from the plungers. Extending from each of said pipes or conduits from a point between their one-way-check valves and their connection with the plunger mechanisms'are pipes or conduits 22| and 222 which terminate in the valve mechanism |12. This valve mechanism |12 is shown structurally in Figure -10, and asthere shown, comprises a valve bushing 223 pressed into a suitable bore formed uin a housing |16. The valve bushing 223 is provided with .a plurality of sets of radial ports 224, 226, 226, 221, 223, 229, 230, 23|, 232 and 233, each set of ports being encircled by a similar circumferential groove 234 formed in the exterior 'oi' the bushing. Disposed within the bore in the bushing 223 is a valve member 236 provided with a plurality of piston portions forming there between reduced portions or cannelures for connecting the ports in different combinations, de- 6 pending upon the position thereof.

As seen in Figure 13, the ports 226 have connected therewith the pipe or conduit |1| from the pipe or conduit |69, while the ports 229 have connected therewith the pipe or conduit |16 from the 65 pipe or conduit |13. The ports 221, and 23| have respectively connected therewith the pipes 22| and 222. The ports 224, 226, 230, and233 have respectively connected therewith branch discharge conduits which empty into pipe or conduit 236, emptying in turn into pipe or conduit |26. The remaining ports 228 and 232 have connected therewith branch pipes or conduits 231 and 238 which empty into pipe or conduit 23,9, terminating inthesumportank |26. .7'5

The means for shifting the valve member 235 is shown in Figures 9 and Y10 and for this purpose the said valve member has projecting therefrom avalve stemv 240 having formed at its outer end a circumferential groove 24| receiving shifter pins 242 projecting from the forked end 243 of a. lever 244. The lever 244 depends from a sleeve 245 rotatably mounted on a rod or shaft 246 carried by the Walls of the housing |16 interiorly thereof. Projecting rearwardly from the sleeve 245 is a pair of arms 241 and 248 adapted to be respectively engaged by an abutment or finger 249 projecting from the plungers |82 and |83 when either of said plungers reaches its lowermost position. Projecting upwardly from the sleeve 245 above each ' arm 241 and 248 is a lug 250 adapted to be engaged by a spring actuated latch 25| for holding the valve member 235 in the position to which it was shifted by the plunger acting through its abutment and the arms on the sleeve 245.

The movement of the valve member 235 by the said plunger is against the resistance of a spring 252 which is disposed within the bore in the bushing 223 and surrounds the valve stem 240. As soon as the plunger is returned to its normal or upper position the upper surface of the lugs 249 engage a projecting abutment 253 on the latches 25| for releasing the lugs 250 whereupon the spring 252 shifts the valve member 235 to the position shown.

The operation ofthe mechanism so far described is as follows.:

Assuming the contacts 92 and 94 are closed and a work piece has just passed beneath the sizing plunger 18 and has shifted same upwardly, thereby breaking the contacts 92 and 94, the deenergization of solenoid 91 permits the spring |01 to oscillate the arm |0| and thereby yieldably vactuate the valve member |06 downwardly. This movement of the valve member |06 is retarded since the said valve member must discharge the fluid within'the chamber |3 out through the port ||4, choke valve ||6, and port ||5 to the discharge conduit |26 and the sump or tank 25.

As was noted above, this delay in the movement of the valve member |06 permitsthe work pieceI to be actuated further beneath the sizing member and further prevents the operation of the mechanism as would be effected should a small gap develop between-successive Work pieces.

The valve member |06 continues to descend until the pipes or conduits |20, I9 and ||1 are connected with one another, thereby delivering the pressure tothe sizing valve mechanism |8.` With the valve member 9| in the position shown, no iiow is had through the' pipe or conduit ||1 since its ports |3| are completely closed by the piston portion |31 on the valve member 9|. No further ow is therefore had through the hydraulic circuit.

It should be` noted, however, that there is a small iiow through the pipe or conduit |20, pipe or conduit |61, hydraulic resistance or choke valve |68, chamber |5| in the diaphragm valve mechanism |44, and pipe or conduit |26. 'Ihis ow is just suicient to set up a pressure within 'the chamber |5| to hold the valves |56 and |59 valve member 9| upwardly for cracking or opening the ports |3| into the cannelure |35. This, then, would cause a flow of the pressure medium from the pump |2I through pipes or conduits |20, ||9, and ||1 to the valve mechanism ||8 where it would be connected with the pipe or conduit |43 and' therefore the chamber |52 in the diaphragm valve mechanism |44. 'I'his iiow or pressure acts on the diaphragm |49 which is greater than that within the chamber I5 wherefore the valve |56 is removed from its seat. The unseating of the valve 56 connects the full pump pressure in the pipe or conduit |20 with the chamber |52 and therefore the outlet lconduit |69 and the piston plunger mechanism |10.

16 The cracking of the ports |3| by the piston portion |31 sets up a resistance to the flow of the- `medium through the valve mechanism. This iiow is maintained in the pipe or conduit |43 by the hydraulic resistance or adjustable choke valve 386. The reaction of these resistances on the ow establishes a pressure which is below the full pressure, as in the pipes or conduits |20, ||9, and ||1. 'Ihis pressure, however, when in the chamber |52 is suiiicient to operate the diaphragm 49 for unseating the valve |56 as above described. Since the hydraulic resistance or valve 286 is adjustable this pressure in the chamber |52 may be varied, thereby requiring a. greater or lesser cracking or opening of the ports |31, which means that the tolerance of the work may be varied before the compensating mechanism will be set in operation.

As will later be made clear, an undersize work piece likewise cracks the ports |3| for permitting a ow into the pipe or conduit |42. This cracking of the ports again sets up a hydraulic resistance which, combined with the adjustable hydraulic resistance or choke valve 285 in the pipe or conduit |42 determines the pressure in the chamber |53 for unseating the valve |50. Since the` valve 285 is adjustable, the pressure in this chamber may be varied to require a greater-or lesser opening of the ports |3| before the diaphragm |50 is operated.

It will be appreciated that the central port |3| is cracked to permit a ow into the valve mechanism ||8 which will be suiiicient to operate th'e compensating mechanism as when a work piece is between the actual size and the upper and lower tolerance limits. This will cause a iiow through the pipe or conduit 1 and valve mechanism I8. To relieve this flow the valve bushing |28 is provided with ports als and als, see 'Figure l13, withwhich is respectively connected one end of pipes or conduits 3| 1 and 3| 8 .terminating at their other ends in the drain pipe or conduit |45, which terminates in the tank |25. It should be noted that as soon as the valve member is moved to the position representative of either the high or low limit of tolerance the said drain ports 3|5 and 3|6 are closed.

Thefull pump pressure acting on the upper piston |80 of the plunger |82 forces same downf wardly, together with its pawl |98. The pawl |98,

as seen in Figure 9, engages. its ratchet 200 for rotating same in a clockwise direction for correspondingly rotating the worm shaft 262. 'I'his rotation of the Worm shaft 202 through the worm wheel 206 rotates the shaft52 and the worms 50 and 5| thereon. The rotation of the worms 50 and 5| correspondingly rotate the worm wheel 49 and the jack screw 41 for lowering the plunger 44 and effecting a counterclockwise oscillation of the grinding wheel carriage, as seen in Figure 3.

As soon as the plunger |82 reaches its lowermost position the abutment 249 thereon engages the arm 248 of the sleeve and lever mechanism 245-244 for actuating same in a counterclockwise direction as seen in Figure 10, and thereby shifting the vvalve member 235 to its second operative position, that to the right of the position shown in Figure 13. With the valve in this posi- |12 and discharge conduits 236 and 226 with the sump or tank |25, thereby relieving the pressure above the plunger |82. The hydraulic medium under pressure in pipe or conduit |20 `flows through the branch pressure pipe or conduit |91 to the port |96 and acts on the piston portion |84 at the bottom of the plunger |82 and eiects the return or upward movement of said plunger. The medium ahead of the' plunger is now discharged through the pipe or conduit 22| since it cannot pass the one-way check valve 2|9. This pipe or conduit 22| is connected through the valve mechanism |12 with discharge pipes or conduits 231 and 239 with the sump or tank |25. The `ilow through this pipe, however, is considerably retarded by the hydraulicv resistance or choke valve 254, thereby retarding the upward movement'of the said plunger |82. 'Ihe reason for this hydraulic resistance 254 is to allow a time interval in which the work piece, which was gaged, is removed from beneath the plunger 18 anda new Work piece, which has been further reduced due to the adjustment of the parts as just described, to be placed in position forgaging. As soon as the plunger |82 reaches its uppermost `position the latch 25| is raised bythe abutment 249, whereupon the spring 252 ires the valve member 235 to the position shown in Figure 13.

From the foregoing it will now be understood that there has been provided a hydraulically actuated gaging mechanism for further reducing a second work piece, should. the first be above the desired or accurate size.

In the event the work pieceis belowthe desired or proper size the operation of the mechanism is as follows:

v The plunger 18 would under these circumstances not be elevated as high as shown in Figure 5, which would position the valve .member conduits |20, ||9 and ||1 would be connected to the pipe or conduit |42'and the chamber |53 in the diaphragm valve housing |48. This increased pressure added to that in the port |58 acts on the |20 and its branch pipe or conduit |66 with the chamber |53.

A'I'he medium in this chamber now under pressure ows into the pipe or conduit |13 and the plunger mechanism |14 for eiecting a downward actuation of the plunger |83. The pawl |99 carried by said plunger |83 engages its ratchet 20| for rotating the worm shaft 202 4 and the worms thereon. It will be appreciated that the direction of movement is now oppsite to that above described and as effected by the plunger |82. From thisit also follows that, through the same train of 'mechanism as above described, 'the plunger 44 will be retracted, permitting the grinding wheel carriage 20 to be oscillated about the trunnion I9 to withdraw the grinding wheel from the work. l

When the plunger |83 reaches its lowermost position, it, through a similar mechanism as above described, actuates the valve member 235 of the valve mechanism |12 to its second or right hand position as seen in the drawings for relieving the pressure on top of the plunger |83. The pressure medium in pipes or conduits |20 and |91 iiows through the port |96 and acts on the lower piston portion |85 of the plunger |83 for returning it to its normal position. This elevation of the plunger |83 is retarded by the hydraulic resistance or choke coil 254 in the same manner that the similar movement of the plunger |82 was effected for again permitting a time interval between successive operations of the devices. As soon as the plunger |83 is returned to its normal position the valve member 235 is again shifted to the 'position shown preparatory to a second operation of the device.

From the foregoing it will now be apparent that there has been provided a sizing mechanism adapted to either advance the tool toward the axis of the work orv retract same therefrom.

depending upon whether the work piece is below .001" or a fractional part thereof, thereby merely cracking the ports through which the hydraulic medium .flows to either of the conduits |42 and |43. This will naturally result'in a relatively small flow; therefore, the pressure developed in the medium is relatively small which, however, is sufcient to actuate the diaphragms |49 and |50 for unseating their respective valves and :159.

There is includedin the machine safety means which function in the event the machine is not properly set up to produce work pieces within the desired size. 'I'his means includes the valve mechanism shown in Figure 13 and indicated in general by the reference character 255 and shown structurally in Figure 7. As shown inlFigure 7, this means or valve comprises a housing which may be the housing 1| having a suitable bore formed therein and spaced ahead of or behind the valve mechanism ||8 into which is pressed a valve bushing. 256. 'I'he valve bushing 256 'is provided with a plurality of sets of radial ports 251, 258, 259, 260, 26|, and 262, each set being encircled by a similar circumferential groove 263 formed in the exteriorof the bushing 256. Dis-- 4'by a suitable plug or housing 210 containing a piston plunger 21| which abuts on one end with the reduced projection 268 `of the piston valve 265. The housing 210 is provided therethrough below the plunger 21| with a port or chamber 213 for introducing hydraulic pressure therein for actuating the plunger 21 I The upper end of the bushing 256 is closed by a plug 212 against which abuts the reduced portion 266 of the piston valve 264 and acts as a stop to limit the movement of the piston valves 264 and 265 as eiected bythe plunger 21|.

Referring now t1. Figure 13 it will be noted that the ports 251 and 258 of the bushing 256 have respectively connected therewith one end of pipes or conduits 214 and 215 which respectively have their other ends connected with pipes or conduits |42 and |43. 'Ihe ports 259 and 262 have respectively connected therewith one end of pipes or conduits 216 and 211 which empty into a pipe or conduit 218, in turn emptying into the main discharge pipe or conduit |26 and therefore the sump or tank |25. 'I'he ports 26| have connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit 219 which has its other end connected with the pipe l or conduit |20. The port 213 in the. plunger housing 210 has connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit 280 which terminates at its other end in the branch pressure pipe or conduit 219, and the pipe or conduit 280 includes a hydraulic resistance or choke coil 28|. Additionally, the pipe or conduit 260 has connected with it a pipe or conduit 282 which terminates at its other end in the branch discharge pipe or conduit 218 and the said pipe or conduit 282 includes a hydraulic resistance 283. The remaining ports 260 have connected therewith one end of a pipe or a conduit 284 which terminates at its other end in the electrical starting box or panel which controls the operation of the switch for initiating the rotation of theo main motor, for example,

the motor which eiects the rotation of the grindgaging plunger 18 which either actuates the valve member 9| above the ports |3| for completely uncovering same or to a position beneath said ports whereby the full ow in the pipe or conduit ||1 is delivered therethrough, this would then connect the full pressure in either of the lines |42 or |43. Due to the hydraulic resistances or choke valves 285 and 285 in these lines this full pressure would be directed tc either of the piston valves 264 and 265 eiecting a descent in either case of the piston valve 265 to uncover the ports 26| of the valve mechanism 255 and close off the ports 259 thereof. This would connect the full pressure in the pipes or conduits |20 and its branch 219 with the pipe or conduit 284 and throw out the starting switch and stopping the machine.

Upon removal of the work from beneath the gaging plunger 18, the pressure is cut oi! from the pipe or conduit ||1 and therefore from the pipes or conduits |42 and |45 whereupon` the pressure in the pipe 219 flows through the coil 28| and pipe or conduit 280 to the plunger 21| for returning the piston valves 254 and 255 to their normal upper position and relieving the pressure in the pipe or conduit 284 by connecting same with the sump through the pipes or Aconduits 216, 218, and |26.

It should be noted at this time that the pressure acting on the plunger 21| for holding the piston valves 264 and 265 in their upper normal position is stronger than that normally owlng through the pipes or conduits |42 and |43 when the gaging mechanism is in operation, wherefore the normal operating pressures do not effect the movement of the piston valve 265. However, the pressure. acting on the plunger 21| is considerably below the maximum pressure in the pipe or conduit |20 so that when the full pressure is directed against either of the piston valves 264 and 265 their operation is assured. In order, however, to prevent the pressure on said plunger 21| reaching a high enough point to prevent the operation of the device .there is .an additional bleed through the pipe or conduit 282 and hydraulic. resistance or choke coil 283 to the discharge conduits 218 and |26.

The mechanism for throwing out the starting switch by the pressure in pipe or conduit 284 is illustrated in Figure 15. As there shown, this mechanism comprises a housing 290 in which is disposed an expansible chamber 29| to which the free end of the pipe or conduit 284 is connected. Extending from the other end of the expansible chamber or member 29| is a stud 292 having connected with its one end a clevis 293. A spring 294 surrounds the stud 292 and has one end abutting the member 29| and the other end abutting one wall oi' the housing 290 for holding the member' 29| in a normal compressed condition.

The clevis 293 has pivotally connected to it one end of an arm 295 which is pivotally mounted at 296 intermediate its ends interiorly of the housing 290. Above the-pivot 296 the arm. 295 carries a plate 291 from which projects studs 298 and 299 lying on opposite4 sides of a switch actuating lever 300. The lever 300 is connected at its upper end to the stem of a switch blade 30| which bridges switch contacts 302 and 303 carried by the housing 290.

It will be noted that there-is considerable lost motion between the studs 298 and 299 of the plate 291 and the lever 300 which is taken up during the expansion of the member 29|. order to eiect an instantaneous breaking of the switch contacts this lost motion is utilized as a means for loading aload and fire device operable as soon as the said lost motion has been taken care of. 'I'his lost motion comprises a lever 304 pivoted at' 305 to a lug interiorly of the housing 280. The lever 304 has formed therein a pair oi' notches between which a lug 306 is -formed having the sides thereof cam shaped and terminating at the base of the notches. Cooperating with said cam lug 306 is the load and re dog 351 which may be secured to the lever 295 or formed integral therewith and having formed at its free end a cam shaped nose cooperating with the lug 308. In order to maintain operative" engagement between the dog 301 and lug 306 the lever 804 has connected therewith one Aend of a spring 308, acting to complete the movement of the arm 295 and effect a snap breaking action.

movement of the member 29| carries with it the the pivot 305 for loading vor tensioning the spring 308, whereupon as soon as the dog 301 passes the apex of the lug'306 the spring 308 expands or. res thearm 304 and completes the oscilla-- 1. In af machine tool organization the combi-- nation of a bed, a work support on said bed, a

tool supporton said bed, means for adjusting the position of one of said supports towardand from the other, -a sizing member for engagement with a finished work piece, a valve operable 'by said sizing member, an hydraulically actuated means controlled by the valve and operable on the means for adjusting the position of the movable support for effecting its movement both toward and from theother support.

'2. In a machine tool organization the combination of a bed, a work support on said bed, a`

tool support on said'bed, means fory adjusting the position of one of saidsupports'toward and from the other, a sizing member for engagement ating th shiftable support, a hydraulic circuit with a finished work piece, a valve operable by said sizing member, hydraulically actuated means ,controlled by the valve and operable on themeans for adjusting the position of the movable support'for eiecting its movement both toward and from'the other support, and means for-rendering the sizing device inoperative vat the conclusion of either operation of the support adjusting means. A

`a. In a sizing device of the class described che combination of a contacting'member adapted to engage the work to be`sized, a pivotally mounted multiplication lever operable by the contacting member, a control `va1ve operableby the lever and movable through a distance greaterr than ing same operative, and a feed plunger 50 that through which the gaging member is moved,

a hydraulic circuit controlled by the valve, hy-

-describedthe combination with a bed, a work support,and a tool support mounted on said bed,

' one 'of said supports being movable relative to the other, of a feed plunger for eiecting a movement' o'f said movable support toward the sta-g tionary support, apsecond feed plunger forreversely actuating the shiftable support, a lay-- draulic circuit for actuating the feed plungers, and a valvein said circuit positionable by the work piece being gagedand connecting the circuit with one or thetother of -the plungers as determined by the size of the work ypiece being gaged. j l

5'. In a machine tool organization of the class described the combination with a bed, (a work support, and a tool support mounted on said bed, one of said supports being movable relative to the other, of al feed plunger for 'effecting a movement, of said movable support toward the stationary support, a second `feed plunger for y reversely actuating the shiftable support, anhydraulic circuit for actuating the feed plungers, a valve in said circuit positionable-by the work piece being gaged and Connecting the circuit with one or the other of the plungers as deter--4 mined by the size of the work piece being gagcd, and means for retarding the operation of the feed plunger to insure proper positioning of the valve inaccordance with the size of the work.

` 6, lIn a machine tool organization of the class described the combination with a bed, a work support, and a tool support mounted on said bed, one of said supports being movable relative to the other, of a feed plunger for effecting a movement of said movable support toward the stationary support, a second feed-plunger for reversely actuating the shiftable support. a hydraulic circuit for actuating the feed plungers, a

valve inV said circuit positionable by the work piece being gaged and Yconnecting the circuit with one or the other of the' plungers as determined by the size of the work piece being gaged, and means for by-passing the circuit from the feed plunger at. the conclusion of the adjusting operation.

7. In a machine tool organization of the class described the combination with a bed, a work support, and a tool support mounted on said bed, one of said supports being movable relative to the other, of a feed plunger for effecting a movement of said movable support toward the stationary support, a second feed plunger for reversely actution, and means for retarding the return -of the plunger to eect a time interval between su cessive feeding operations to permit a replacement of the work piece being gaged.

returning the feed plunger to its initial posi- 8. In a machine tool organization of the class f described the combination with a bed, a work support and a tool support mounted thereon, one for adjustment toward and from the other, of means for effecting said adjustment at incremental rates toward and from the other support, a means. for gauging a work piece held by the work support and automatically operable means for actuating saidfeed adjusting means in reverse directions in accordance with the variance from prescribed size of a work piece bein'g gaged.

-9. In 'a machine tool organization of the class described the combination with a bed,- a work support mounted on said bed, a tool support mounted on said bed, one of said supports mounted on the bed for adjustment toward and from the other, and means for effecting said adjustment,

ofa sizing device including a work piece contacting member, and automatic means controlled by. said contacting member forl actuating the support adjusting means in reverse directions in accordance with the size device determined dimension of the work piece for correspondingly reversely adjusting the. position 4of the said support.

10. In a machine tool organization of the class described the combination with a bed, a work support mounted on said bed, a tool support mounted .on said bed, one of said supports mounted on the bed for adjustment toward and from the other, and means for effecting said adjustment, of a sizing device including a contacting member, a pairI of feed plungers respectively operable on the support adjusting means to shift the movable support toward and from the other support, and automatically operable .means between the contacting member and the to shift the movable support toward and from.

the other support, automatically'operable means between the contacting member and the feed plungers for independently actuating said plungers in accordance with the size of the work piece beinggaged, and means operable at the conclusion of the feeding stroke for returning the feed plunger to its inoperative position'.

12. In a machine tool organization of the class described the combination with a bed, a work support mounted on said bed, a tool support mounted on said bed, one of said supports being mounted on the bed for adjustment toward and l from the other, and means for effecting said adjustrnent, of a sizing device including a contacting member, a pair of feed plungers respectively operable on the support adjusting means to shift the movable support toward and from the other support, automatically operable means between the contacting member and the feed plungers for independently actuating said plungers in aocordance with the size of the work piece being gaged, means operable at the conclusion ofthe feeding stroke for returning the feed plunger to its inoperative position, and means retarding the operation of the return of the feed plunger to permit a replacement of the work piece being gaged.

13. In a sizing device for use with machine tools the combination with a tool support and a work support one of which is movable toward and from the other, of means for eiecting the movement of said movable support at incremental rates in reverse directions comprising a pair of hydraulically actuable feed plungers, a pawl on each of said plungers, a ratchet for each pawl and effective respectively for rotation in opposite directions, a hydraulic circuit for the plungers, a valve mechanism in the circuit for normally renderingthe pawls inoperative. and a second valve in said circuit and positionable by a work piece for operating the last mentionedfvalve mechanism for thereby connecting the circuit with one or the other of the feed plungers,

14. In a sizing device for use with machine tools the combination with a tool support and a. work support one of which is movable toward and from the other, of means for effecting the movement of said movable support at incremental rates in reversedirections comprising a pair of hydraulically actuable feed plungers, a pawl on each of said plungers, a ratchet for each pawl and effective respectively for rotation in opposite directions, a hydraulic circuit for the plungers.- a valve mechanism in the circuit for normally rendering the pawls inoperative, a second valve in said circuit and positionable by a work piece for operating the-last mentioned valve mechanism' for thereby connecting the circuit with one or the other of the feed plungers, and additional of said movable support at incremental rates inA reverse directions comprising a pair of hydraulically actuable feed plungers, a pawl on each of said plungers, a ratchet for each pawl and effective respectively for rotation in opposite directions, a hydraulic circuit for the plungers, a valve mechanism in the circuit for normally rendering the pawls inoperative, a second valve in said circuit and positionable by a work piece for operating the last mentioned valve mechanism for thereby connecting the circuit with one or the other of the feed plungers, means in the circuit for delaying the operation of the ilrst valve mechanism by the second valve to insure the proper positioning of the work being gaged, and means for adjustably varying the delay.

16. In a gaging mechanism for use with machine tool structures the combination with a work support and a tool support one of which is movable toward and from the other, of reversely actuable means for effecting said adjustment of the support, a first feed plunger for actuating the support adjusting means in one direction, a second'feed plunger for actuating the support adjusting means in the opposite direction, a hy draulic circuit adapted to be connected selectively with said plungers,=a valve mechanism normally rendered inoperative by the hydraulic circuit for disconnecting the circuit from the feed plungers, and a second valve in the circuit positionable by a work piece being gag'ed for actuating the valve mechanism and connecting the hydraulic circuit through the valve mechanism with one of said feed plungers in accordance with the size of the work for thereby either-advancing or retracting the movable support relative to the fixed support.

1'7. In a gaging mechanism for u se with machine tool structures the combination with a work support and a tool support one of which is movable toward and from the other, of reversely actuable means for effecting said adjustment of the support, a first feed plunger for actuating the support adjusting means in one direction, a secondv feed plunger for actuating the support adjusting means in the opposite direction, a hydraulic circuit adapted to be connected plungers for returningsame to their initial po- A sition after the completion of a feed adjusting stroke'. A

18. In a gaging mechanism for use with ma'- chine tool structures the combination with a work support and a tool support one of which is movable toward Aand from the other, of reversely actuable means for effecting said adjustment of the support, a rst feed plunger for actuating .second feed plunger for actuating the support adjusting means in the opposite direction, a hydraulic circuit adapted to be connected selectively 'size of the workl for thereby either advancing or retracting the movable support relative to the xed support, means operable by the feed plungers for returning same to' their initial position after the completion of a feed adjusting stroke, and means retarding the return of the feed plunger to provide a time interval for .thereplacement-of the work being gaged.

19V. In a Agrinding machine of the class described, the combination with a work 'support and a wheel vsupport one of which supports'is movable toward and from the other, of means for effecting the movement of said movable support, a sizing mechanism associated with the work support and movable by a finished work plece,.

control means operable by said mechanism for 'actuatingv the moving means, and additional means operated by said'control means for vstopping the entire machine if the work piece'is beyond Vdeiinite size..

20. A work size'controlling device for use in connection with ,a machine tool including 'a work support, a tool support and means for eiecting movement of the supports toward and from each other, said gauging device 'including hydraulically actuable means for determining the relative movements ofthe-work and tool supports and l control mechanism therefor including a deectlble sizing member, means for Arendering the control-l ling device inoperative when the sizingmember is undeilected, means responsive to initial deflection of said 'member for eiecting relative movement of the supports in one direction, and means responsive to additional deflection thereof for eifecting relative movement of the supports in an opposite direction.

21. .4i sizing device for utilization with a ma... chine tool or the like including tool. and work ,supports and means for effecting. relative approach and retraction of said Supports, said device including a member having a potential in termediate neutral position and mounted for opposite deiiections with respect thereto, means for 'rendering the device positively inoperative upon maximum Adeilection of said member in one direction, and means for stopping the operation of the associated tool on over deflection of said member in the opposite direction.

22. A sizing 4device for tiliration with a maemneltool or the rlike including tool-and work engagement-of an oversize work piece therewith the purpose described..

, 1 1' supports and means for effecting relative ap? proach and retraction of said supports, said device including a member having a potential intermediatev neutral position and mounted for opposite deflections with respect thereto, means for rendering the device positively inoperative upon maximum deilection of said member in one' direction, and means for stopping the operationV of `the associated tool on over deilection of said member in the opposite direction, said deilectible member having additional potential eilective positions intermediate the neutral and said extremes and means activated by shifting of said member to said intermediate positions for effecting a relative movement of the tool and work supporta 23. A sizing device for `utilizationwith a machine tool or the like including tool and work supports and means for effecting relative approach and retraction of said supports, said device including a member having a potential intermediate neu- 2o trai position and mounted for opposite deilections with-respect thereto, mean.; for rendering the device positively inoperative upon maximum deiiection of said memberA in one direction, and means for stopping the operation of the associated tool on over deflection of said member in the opposite direction, said deectible member having additional potential effective positions intermed'iate the neutral and said extremes, a rst means activated by positioning of said members() in one of said intermediate locations for eiectingl relative approach of the tool and work support, anda second means activated by positioning of said member at the opposite of said intermediate positions for effecting relative separation of said tool and work supporting members.V

24.. A gauging device for utilization in conjunction'with a machine tool or the like which Vin-l cludes a work support, a toolsupport, and means for effecting relative incremental movements of said supports either toward or away from each other, said gauging mechanism including separate motive devices for effecting approaching and retracting movements of the work and tool Supports and a multi-position deflectible member engageable by a work piece for determiningfsaid movements, -said deectible member having a virst position effective-when unengaged by a work piece toprevent operation of -the motive devices, a second semi-deilected position when engaged by a workpiece eiective to determine incremental separating movements of the tool and. work supports, a second deilected position effective to neutralizethe action of said motive means, and anadditional deflected position effective on an for activating the other of said motive means to eec arelative incremental approach of said work and tool supports substantially as and for pawn: G. Rom. 60

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