US2040653A - Upright extruding press - Google Patents

Description

May 12, 1936. F HANFF 2,040,653

UPRIGHT EXTRUDING PRES S Filed June 20, 1932 IHIIIILII HMHH Patented May 12, 1936 UNITED ISTATE UPRIGHT EXTRUDING PRESS Ferdinand Hann', Berlin-Charlottenburg, Germany, assignor to Siemens-Schuckcrtwerke Aktiengesellschaft, Berlin-Siemensstadt, Germany, a corporation of Germany Application'June 20, 1932, Serial No. 618,212 In Germany June 27, 1931 s' claims. (01207-9) My invention relates to improvements in upright extruding presses.

In manufacturing lead tubes, particularly sheaths for lead covered cables, the recipient or 5 cylinder containing the lead is lled up to its brim and often even beyond that, so that the lead rises in the form of a collar above the brim. In that collar and in the upper part of the cylinder, lead oxide, dross and other impurities collect.

For the removal of these impurities, it is known to provide the plunger with an edge by the means of which the plunger when entering the cylinder pushes away the impurities, for example sideways and upwardly, i. e. out of the cylinder top. This forcing aside of the top layers continues, until vthe plunger has penetrated with its full diameter into the cylinder and has closed it as a piston closes a cylinder. With the known arrangement, the edge of the plunger is obtuse, i. e'. the surfaces forming the vedge meet at an obtuse angle. That has the disadvantage that the distance travelled by the' plunger on penetrating into the cylinder until it has completely closed the opening is but short.- That distance is not long enough to remove all the impurities from the cylinder. Besides, the direction in which the impurities are pushed -by the surfaces forming an obtuse angle is not so much upwardly as it is sideways towards the wall of the cylinder, with the result that some of the impurities are,V after the cylinder has been completely closed by the plunger, driven forward by the latter. In this manner impurities still find their way into the product, for example into the lead sheath, and produce faults in the product which cause the known disturbances. With that method it is, therefore, not possible to remove the impurities completely. According 'to the present invention, theabove drawbacks are obviated by providing special expanded or outwardly flaring portions, or outlets for the'passage of the material forced out of the cy`inder on the application of pressure. may be only a single recess, or there may be a plurality of such recesses. 'provided in the cylinder as well as in or on the plunger or in or on both of these parts. The invention is applicable not only to new presses to be built, but also for improving existing presses. .It also provides means for the easy removal of the/ lead collar forced out on the application of pressure. The details and advantages of the invention will be seen from thefollowlng examples for carrying out the invention, illustrated-i drawing in which: y

The recess can There a ih@ Figs. 1 and-1Il are vertical sections, showing more or less diagrammatically the upper part of a press cylinder provided with an expanded portion at its entrance, and showing in Fig. l* diagramrnatically how the invention operates.

Figs. 2 and 2a show in vertical section and plan view, respectively a practical' construction of the expanded cylinder entrance according to the invention.

ent forms in which the invention may be applied to the top of existing press cylinders, and

Fig. 8 shows in vertical section semi-diagrammatically the general arrangement of an entire press.

The invention can also be employed for other presses, for example presses for making lead tubes or sheaths and similar articles. The invention is not limited in its application to the ilexactly to the particular construction illustrated in the various examples. Instead of the individual forms of expanded portions or recesses shown, for example slots and holes, other forms can vbe spirit and scope of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows the upper end lof the filled cylinder with the impurities floating on top before the entrance of the plungerfFig. 1*L shows the moby the head of the plunger. The numeral 2 indicates' the cylinder, which is enlarged or widened in its upper part 3. 4 is the head of the plunger ending ina point formed by a cone 5 of small the impurities is indicated by 6 in Fig. 1. The axial length of the cylinder recess corresponds at least to the depth at which according to exties are found. Such a dross cone is indicated at 1 in Fig. 1.

As will be seen from Fig. l, the plunger 4 be must penetrate fairly deep into the cylinder 2 and closing the cylinder 2 tightly and thereby beginner, the impurities are forcedaway sideways and upwardly. As far as they are pressed against the the impurities can only come up against the walls of the widened cylinder portion. They can. therefore, no more be taken along by the plunger,

ing. ofV the cylinder.

Figs. 3-7 show in vertical section several differ- 1o lustrated examples, nor is' the invention limited 2O employed without thereby departing from the 25 ment the opening of the cylinder is being closed 30 height.' The material ejected from the cylinder 35' on the entrance of the plunger, and containingV perience still an appreciable quantity of impuri- 4 displace a corresponding quantity of lead 6 before 45 ning the pressing operation proper. t In this manwall of the cylinder and cannot escape at the top, 50

as soon as the latterghas closed the whole open- According to a practical form of the invention shown in Figs. 2, 2, the cylinder 32 has an outwardly flaring cone-shaped mouth 33 provided with radial ribs 34 extending to the contour line of the inner cylinder surface to form a guide for the plunger. Further, an annular trough 35 is arranged in the upper end of the cylinder wall into which the dross ejected through the interstitial spaces between the ribs overflows. When the plunger 36 descends, the material in the upper cylindenportion on which float the oxide layers and the impuri/ties is forced out of the cylinder through these interstitial spaces so that by the time the plunger has reached the non-recessed cylinder wall, all impurities are ejected from the material. The advantage of employing these ribs is that the material forced out is at the same time subdivided, so that it can easily be removed from the top of the cylinder.

An advantageous manner of `producing the funnel-shaped flare is to cut or grind out the material between the ribs 34. 'I'he ribs 34 can, however, also be xed into the finished nare, for example by welding them onto the wall of the flaring cylinder portion.

In the foregoing constructions, the cylinder is widened in its upper part, and the head of the plunger is provided with a conical pressing surface. Constructions of that kind are advantageous for new presses.

According to the invention, the same advantages can also be obtained with already existing presses in a very simple and inexpensive manner by placing a suitably flaring annular element on top of the cylinder. I am aware that top members on such cylinders are per sealready known, but hitherto they have been used only as melting pots. For the purpose of removing the impurities, they have up to now not been employed. Through the invention it becomes now possible, as shown in Fig. 3, when the cylinder 4| and the annular top member 42 are nlled with molten metal and the plunger 44 is introduced into the annular top member 42, for the plunger 44 to force out the molten metal 43 contained in the annular top member 42 and which includes the oxide layers and impurities on the surface ofthe metal between the rplunger 44 and the inner wall of the top member 42. By this means, impurities and oxides are prevented from getting into the cylinder proper, into the chamber of the press and sointo the extruded tube.

In many cases it will also be advantageous to remove the impurities and layers of oxide by using a top ring 52 (Fig. 4) provided with one or more closable outlets 53, through which the metal 54 contained in the ring together with the oxides and impurities oating on its surface can flow of?.

The freeing of the lead from the oxides and impurities can be still more effectively performed, if, when filling the cylinder 6|, the molten lead is allowed to iiow over the top ring 82-for some .time (Fig. 5).

It has also proven useful, as shown in Fig. 6, to place into the annular top member 1 I, formed in the same or a similar manner as the top member 62 oi Fig. 5, a cone-shaped insertable member 12, for example in the shape of a funnel, sufficiently far so that it dips into the lead. Through this member, the owing-off of the oxides of lead to the overflow channel 14 is facilitated.

The employment of the top member has the advantage that the cylinder consisting of high quality, especially hard material need not be machined, so that a saving in costs is obtained and the useful length of the cylinder is not lessened. The arrangement according to the invention has, besides, the particular advantage that it can be readily fitted to already existing presses, whereby the occurrence of faults in lead sheaths is easily and reliably avoided.

A further improvement of the arrangement according to the invention is` illustrated by-Fig. 7. In this arrangement the invention proposes to provide the annular topmember 83 bolted to the cylinder wall, and having the funnel-shaped bore of Fig. 3, and forming the extension of the cylinder chamber 82, also with a trough 86 surrounding the bore for receiving the metal forced or flushed out of the cylinder top. The molten lead is thereby prevented from flowing over the wall of the cylinder and soiling the press. It is thus possible to remove without diiculty the lead plates forming in the trough, particularly if the trough is subdivided by ribs 84 into several compartments, so that separate plates of relatively light weight are formed. It is advantageous to project a certain distance above the edges of the trough, because the lead in the different compartments is thereby prevented from flowing together and forming a circular ring, when the compartments are full. In some cases -itmay be of advantage to design the ribs so that, as shown in Fig. 7, most of the ribs 84 protrude beyond the trough edges, while a small number has a height lower than the trough. This has the advantage that the uniform filling of the trough compartments is speeded up by those, more rapidly filling, overflowing into the others which fill less rapidly.

As a'ring, which solidines, alsoforms between the Y plunger of the press and the trough, and as the removal of that ring from the plunger makes it necessary to subdivide the ring, it is of advantage to extend all, or at least some of the ribs 84 inwardly to points in alinement with the surface of the cylinder bore. The cast ring is, thereby, completely subdivided into a number of segments which can be easily removed. To facilitate still more the removal of the ring segments from the trough, it is advisable to provide the trough with outwardly slantlng walls and the trough bottom with an outwardly rising slant, so that the individual plates can be lifted out by means of a chisel-like tool. Instead of placing a separate trough-like top member on the top of the cylinder. it is under certain conditions also possible. particularly when building new presses, to design the top member of the above-described shape as an integral part of the cylinder.

A lead press for making sheaths for cables with a receiver according to the invention is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 8 in vertical section.

On the base |44 containing the horizontally di-` rected die ISI through which the metal is ejected,-

is mounted the vertical cylinder |42 'containing the space |53 filled vwith metal. The plunger of the press is indicated by I 34. It is pressed in the iirection shown by the arrow |55. Hereby the ,ead sheath covering the cable is made in the rnown manner. 'I'he cylinder is provided at the :op with an expanded portion |56, from which :he lead containing the dross is expelled in the shape of a collar |51 as soon as the plunger enters :his portion, assuming, of course, that this portion was initially filled to the top.

I claim:-

1. An extruding press for producing tubular sheaths or the like of lead or similar plastic materials, having an upright cylinder to be filled with liquid lead to be extruded and a piston tightly iitted into said cylinder for expelling the metal at the lower end thereof, said cylinder having an extension traversed by the piston on its extrusion stroke, and being located at the upper cylinder end and tapering toward said cylinder and forming a container for holding an excess amount of metal to be supplied when filling the cylinder, so as' to permit the contents in said extension to form a lost head for the cylinder metal, containing the dross and being displaceable from said extension in liquid state when. the piston passes through said extension into the metal contained in said cylinder.

2. An extruding press for producing tubular lead sheaths or the like, having an upright cylinder to be filled with liquid lead to be extruded and a piston tightly iitted into said cylinder' for expelling the metal at the lower end thereof, said cylinder having an expanded upward extension traversed by said piston, and tapering outwardly from said cylinder for holding an excess amount of lead to be supplied when iilling the cylinder, so as to permit the contents in said extension to form a lost head, containing the dross and being displaceable from said extension in liquid state when the piston passes through said extension into the metal contained in said cylinder.'

3. An extruding press for producing tubular lead sheaths or the like, having an upright cylinder to be lled with liquid iead'to be extruded and a cone-shaped piston tightly tted into said cylinder for expelling the metal at the lower end thereof, said cylinder having an expanded upward extension traversed by said piston, and tapering outwardly from said cylinder for holding an excess amount of lead to be supplied when diling the cylinder, so as to permit the contents in said extension to form a lost head, containing the dross and being displaceable 'from said extension in liquid state when the piston passes through said extension into the metal contained in said cylinder.

4. An4 extruding press for producing tubular lead sheaths or the like; having an upright cylinder to be filled with liquid lead to be extruded and a pistonA tightly fitted into said cylinder for expelling the metal at the lower end thereof, said cylinder having an expanded upward extension traversed by said piston, and tapering outwardly from said cylinder for holding an excess amount of lead to be supplied when filling the cylinder, so as t permit the contents in said extension to form a lost head, containing the dross and being displaceable from said extension in liquid state when the piston passes through said extension into the metal contained in said cylinder, andimeans for receiving the contents displaced from said expanded portion to prevent its return to the cylinder after the piston has passed through said extension.

5. An extruding' press for producing tubular lead sheaths or the like, having an upright cylinand a piston tightly fitted into said cylinder for expelling the metal at the lower end thereof, said'-` cylinder having an expanded upward Aextension traversed by said piston, and tapering outwardly from said cylinder for holding an excess amount of lead to be supplied when iilling the cylinder, so as to permit the contents in said extension to form a lost head, containing the dross and being displaceable from said extension in liquid state when the piston passes through said extension into the metal contained in said cylinder, and an overiiow trough having outwardly flaring Walls and surrounding said extension to receive the material displaced from said extension to prevent its return to the cylinder.

6. An extruding press for producing tubular lead sheaths or the like, having an upright cylinder to be filled with liquid lead to be extruded and a piston tightly fitted into said cylinder for expelling the metal at the lower and thereof, said cylinder having a ring mounted at its upper end and forming an expanded upward extension traversed by said piston and tapering outwardly from said cylinder for holding an excess amount of lead to be supplied when lling the cylinder, so as to permit the contents in said extension to form a lost head, containing the dross and being displaceable from said extension in liquid state when the piston passes through said extension into the metal contained in said cylinder.

'7. An extruding press for producing tubular lead sheaths or the like, having an upright cylinder to be filled with liquid lead to be extruded and a piston tightly fitted into said cylinder for expelling the metal at the lower end thereof, said cylinder having a ring mounted at its upper end and forming an expanded upward extension traversed by said Vpiston and tapering outwardly from said cylinder for holding-an excess amount of lead to be supplied when filling the cylinder, so as to permit the contents in said extension to form a lost head, containing the dross and being diS- placeable from said extension in liquid state when the piston passes through said extension into the metal contained in said cylinder, and an overflow trough surrounding said expanded cylinder extension and having outwardly flaring outer walls higher than the ring portion forming said cylinder extension, for receiving the material displaced from said extension to prevent its return to the cylinder.

8. An extruding press for producing tubular lead sheaths or the like, having an upright cylinder to be lled with liquid lead to be extruded and a piston tightly fitted into said cylinder for expelling the metal at the lower end thereof, said cylinder having an expanded upward extension traversed by said piston and tapering outwardly from sa"d cylinder for holding an excess amount of lead to be supplied in illling the cylinder, so as to permit the contents in said extension to, form a lost head, containing the dross and being displaceable from said extension in liquid state when the piston passesthrough said extension into the metal contained in saidcylinder, said piston having a removable cone-shaped head and being tightly fitted into said cylinder for expelling the metal at the lower end thereof, and an overilow trough having outwardly flaring walls and 'surrounding'said extension to receive the material displaced from said extension to prevent its return to the cylinder.

. FERDINAND HANFF.

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