US1929419A - Rock drilling device - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 10, 1933. E. G. GARTIN ROCK DRILLING DEVICE Original Filed Dec. 30, 1927 fiwenZ'ar: EJ277267 6?. Garh'ru f/M ,4- mmm.

Patented Oct. 10, 1933 noon DRILLING DEVICE 1. Elmer G. Gartin, ClaremontfN/H assignor to Sullivan Machinery Company, a corporation of Massachusetts Application December 30; i927, Serial No. 243,727

' Renewed February 11, 1 932 I I My invention relates to rock drilling devices and more particularly to fluid pressure operated percussive motors of thehammer drill type.

- An object of my inventionis to provide an im 3 proved pressure fluid. operated motor. I Another object of my invention is to provide an improved pressure fluid operated hammer drill of the valved type. A further object of my invention is to provide an improved drilling motor having an improved valve mechanism. A still further; object of my invention is to provide an improved drill-' ing motor having a coaxial relation of the distributing valve and rotation mechanism by means of which fluid distribution. will be -im proved. Yet another object is to provide an improved pressure fluid motor having an improved valve mechanism of the compression-actuated 30 I The illustrative embodiment of the invention comprises a cylinder member 1; having a bore 2 in I which a hammer piston- 3- is reciprocable. The piston 3 is provided. with a forwardly extending striking portion 4 having a splined connection with a nut 5 secured-in the rear end of a chuck member 5 which also carries a bushing 7 in which a hollow rock drill steel 8 is supported for the hammering action of the hammerpiston. The front-end of the cylinder is closedby abuffer blocku9 which is-;secured between the cylinder member 1 and the chuck. housing member is in any suitable manner as-,- for example, bysiderods one of. which is shown at 1.1. Therear end of the cylinder bore 2 is closed byia member 12 which is has a -rca rwardly extending sleeve 14 formed integral therewith. To therear of the bore 2 the cylinder member. 1 is provided with. an enlarged bore 16 which receives the member 12; the mamher" 1.7,. constituting a valve chest, the ratchet mechanism 18,- and; a forwardlyprojecting reduced portion .19 upon a rear'head'member 20; A.e1eansi'ng'fluid supply tube 21 is supported in a suitable manner in the rear head member. 20 and extends through. the. various ipartsi of the drilliinto the Cal traversed by longitudinal passages 13 and which rear end of the hollow drill steel 8. A throttle valve 22 is rotatably mounted in the rearghead member 20 and controls the supply of motive fluid from a chamber23therein through a port'24 to a passage 25-which extends forwardly through the 0. head member 20, through the ring 18 supporting the ratchet mechanism and through the valve 7 chest member 17. A rifle bar 26-carrying at; its

rear end apawl carrier 27 whose pawls engage with ratchet teeth 28 is rotatably mounted within 5.

the sleeve 14', and has a relatively long, smooth,-

cylindrical portion extending substantially throughout the full length ofthe sleeve andhas a spirally rifled forward portion-29 cooperating with the ride nut 30 carried within the rear endof the 7 0. piston. The hollow chest member 17 is provided with a bore. generally designated 32 and comprising a rear portion of smaller diameter 33 and a forward portion of larger diameter 34. I The inner wall 015 the chamber is formed by the periphery of the sleeve M The extreme rear end of the bore-33 isconnected by 'a passage 35 with the fluid supply passage 25. Spaced ,forwardlyfromthe pas-. sage 35 is an exhaust groove 36-communicating by a passage 37 with the atmosphere. Still furthe'r forwardr a peripheral groove 38 communicates. with the smaller bore .32- and. is connected by a passage 39 with the bore2 of the cylinder at'a point 40 adjacent the forward end ofthe cylinder. Aport '41 communicates with the smaller bore' 32 at a point near the-forward end-there of serving toconnect thebore with the fluid sup-' ply passage 25. A passage 43'communicates near the front endrof the larger bore 34; with the latter 9o the bores.33 and 34 serves to facilitate. the fluid supply, this passage being connected; by a' groove 16 with the passage 25. A valve member 47 is provided arranged concentrically with the sleeve 14- and rifle bar 26- and having a larger head'or spool 48 .reciprocable in the larger bore 34 and a reduced sleeve-like portion. 49 reciprocable in the reduced bo're33. This sleeve-like portion The abutment 52 permits fluid passing to the passage 35 to act upon the greater portion of the smaller end of the valve. A further passage 54 extends from a point at approximately the rear end of the larger bore 34 in the valve chest to a port 55through thewall of the cylinder 2. .Co mv munication between the'passage 54 and the larger bore 34 of the valve chest cannot be completely closed by the valve portion 48. A vent port 56 extends from a spaced point in the larger bore 34 to the atmosphere. The cylinder 1 is provided with exhaust port means 57 in a position to be overrun by the piston head nearthe endv ofits stroke in each directioni vThe mode of operation of the mechanism described is self-evident. Assuming that the parts are initially in the position'shown in Fig. L'fluid supply through the valve 23 will passby way of the passage '25 and the corresponding. passage 44 through the passages 35 and 43 and the valve willremain in the position shown since the area at'the forward 'end "of the larger portion of the valve will exceed that subjected to the pressure through the passage 35; The'fluid will accordingly flowthrough th'e'ports' 43 and 13 into the rear end of the bore of the cylinder and act upon the rear end of the pistomforcing the latter forward. Atthis time the front end of the-cylin-' 'der bore is exhausted to atmospherethrough port 40, passage '39. through the bore -33,=past the groove in the valve,"through theannular groove 36 and thence through the lateral port 37 to a inosphere. When the'pis ton 3 reaches a position in which the port is uncovered, pressure fluid flows from the rear endfiof' the cylinder. bore through the passage 54 filling thespace in the bore 34 to therear of thelarger portion or spool 48 of the valve 47 and as the pressure is flowing rapidly through the ports 43 and Bit is substan tially lowerthan the c'ombined pressures acting on the rear areas of the spool 48 and sleeve-like portion 49. Therefore as the pressure acting on rear areas of the valve is materiallygreater than the pressure acting on the front'areaof the; valve, "the latterwill be thrown from f the position-shownin Fig. l to the position shown in FigY-Z'. Itwill be noted that when the valve 4'! is thrown into the position shown in Fig. 2 the enlarged portion or spool 48 enters the forward portion 'of the bore 34 th'erebycutting ofi. communication between the ports 43 and the'ports 13. Upon further forward movement of the piston'3the exhaust port 57 is opened therebyconnesting the rear 'end of the cylinder bore with the atmosphere." 1

Itwill further be noted that when the valve is in the position shown in Fig.2 pressure fluid flows from'thesupply passages 25, 44 through the'lateral ports '41, throughthe bore 33, past the groove 50 in the" valve, and thence through the passage 3 9 and' port 40 to the forward end of the cylinder bore wherein the fluid acts upon the forward end of the piston forcing the latter'rearwardly. At this time the rear end of the cyl-,

inder'bore is exhausted to'atm'osphere through the exhaust port 57 while thepressure within the stant pressure acting on the rearward area of the sleeve-like portion 49 of the valve. The valve 4'7 is then thrown rearwardly by compression from the position shown in Fig. 2 to the position shown in Fig. l, the forward end of the cylinder bore again being connected with the fluid supply while the rearend of the cylinder'boreis exhausted to atmosphere. The above cycle of events is repeated throughout the normal operation of the motor.

As a result of this invention an improved pressure fluid motor is provided wherein the power and efliciency of the motor is materially increased. It will further be noted'that by arranging the distribution valve concentrically with the rotation mechanism the fluid distribution has been materially improved, it being possible by more, by arranging the valve in the rear of and in axial alinement'with the motor cylinder it has been made possible to throw the valve in one directifin directly by'compression built up in the rear end of the cylinder bore by the hammer piston. These. andother advantages of the improved motor will be clearly apparent to those skilled in thisart.

'While I have in this application specifically described one formwhich my invention may a. sumein practice, it will be understood that this form'of the same is shownfor purposes of illustration and that the invention may be modified and embodied in various otherforms without departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims. I What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent-is:

1.-In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder,

piston 'reciprocable therein,- and fluid distribution means for supplying fluid to and exhausting fluid from said 'cylinderto effect reciprocation of saidpiston including a valve chest having a bore, a fluid supply passage communicating with oneend of said bore, an exhaust passage-com municating with said bore, a fluid conducting passage communicating with said bore at a point between the supply and exhaust pas sages forsupplyingfluid to the front end of 'the motor cylinder, a passage communicating with the valve chest bore between said fluid conducting passage and said supply passage and communicating withthe' cylinder, a valve reciprocably mounted in the valve chest bore for controlling said supply; exhaust and fluid conducting passages, and passage means for supplying fluid to the rear end of the cylinder and also controlled by said valve. 1 V 1 V r? 2. In a pressure fluid motor, 'a cylinder, 9. piston -reciprocable therein, and fluid distribu-' tion means for supplying fluid to and exhausting fluid from said cylinder to effect reciprocation of said piston including: a valve chest having a bore, a fluid supply passage communicating with one end of. said bore, an exhaust passage communicatingwith said bore, a fluid conducting passage communicating with said bore at a point between the supply and exhaust passages for supplying fluid to the front end of the. motor cylinder, a passage communicatingwith the valve chest bore between said fluid conducting passage and said supply passage and communicating with the cylinder, a valve reciprocably mounted in the valve chest bore for controlling said supply, exhaust and fluid conducting passages, a vent passagecontroiled by said valve for connecting said last mentioned passage to atmosphere, and passage means for supplying fluid to the rear end of the cylinder and also controlled by said valve.

3. In a pressure fluid *motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable' therein, and fluid distribution means for supplying fluid to and exhausting fluid from said cylinder to effect reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a bore, a fluid supply passage communicating with one end of said bore, an exhaust passage communicating with said bore, a fluid conducting passage communicating with the bore at a point a between the and exhaust passages for supplying fluid to the front end of the motor cylinder, an additional supply passage communicating with the bore at a point between said last mentioned passage and said flst mentioned supply passage, a valve reciprocably mounted in the valve chest bore for controlling said passages, and

passage means for supplying fluid to the rear end tional supply passage communicating with the bore at a point between'said last mentioned passage and said first mentioned supply passage, a passage communicating Withthe valve chest bore between said supply passages and communicating with the cylinder, a valve reciprocably nio'unted in the valve chest bore for controlling said supply, ez-rhaust and fluid conducting passages, and passage means for supplying fluid to the rear end or the cylinder and-also controlled by said valve.

5. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable' therein, and fluid distribution means for supplying fluid to and exhausting fluid from said cylinder to effect reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a bore, a fluid supply passage communicating with bore, an exhaust passage communicating 'Wiil'l said bore, a fluid conductingpassage communicating with the bore at a point between the supply and exhaust passages for supplying fluid to the front end of the motor cylinder, an additional supply passage communicating with the bore at a point between said last mentioned passage and said flrst mentioned supply'passage, a passage communicating with the 'valve chest bore between said supply passages and communicating with the cylinder, a valve reciprocably mounted in the valve chest bore for controlling said supply, exhaust and fluid conducting passages, a vent passage controlled by the valve for connecting said last mentioned passage with thev atmosphere, and passage means for supplying fluid from said cylinder to effect reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a differential bore, passages communicating with the valve'chest'bore comprising an exhaust passage, a passage ,for conducting pressure fluidto the front end of the cylinder, a third passage leading to the cylinder, for conducting pressure fluid from the cylinder to a pressure area on the valve to throw the latter, a fluid supply passage communicating with the valve chest bore at a point between said last mentioned passage and saidsecond mentioned passage, and a differential valve in said valvechest bore for controlling said exhaust, fluid conducting and supply passages.

7. in a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder; a piston reciprccahle therein, fluid distribution for supplying fluid to and eizliaustingfluid from cylinder toeflect recprocation of said'piston including a valve chest heving a diiierential bore, communicating with the valvechest bore comprising an exhaust passage, a passage iorconducting pre sure fluid tdthe front end or the cylinder, a third passage leading to the cylinder for conducting pressure fluid from the cylinder to pressureareaon valve to throw the latter, fluid supply passage communicating with the valve h seat a point between said last mentioned and second mentioned passe, a difle .Ltial valve insaid valve chest bore exhaust,fluid conducting and supply passages, and a passage controlled bythe valve for venting said third passage to atmosphere. :3. In a pressure fluid motona cylinder, 2. piston procaole therein. and fluid distribut on means for supplying fluid to and exhausting fluid from said cylinder to effect reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a differential bore, passa es cornn- "nicating with the valve chest h re comprising an exhaust passage, a passage for condue pressure fluid to the front end of the cylinder, a third. passage leading to the cylinder for conducting pressure fluid from the cylinder to a pressure area on the valve to throw the latter, a fluid supply passage communicating with the valve chest bore at a point between, said last mentioned passage and said second mentioned. passage, a differential valve in said valve chest bore for controlling said exhaust, fluid conducting and apply a passage controlled by the .valve for venting said third mentioned passage to atmosphere, and passage means also controlledby said valve for supplying pressure fluid to the rear end of the cylinder. I,

9. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for supplying fluid to and exhausting fluid fromi like body portion fitting the smaller bore and an enlarged end spool fitting the larger bore,'said sleeve-li ortion having a peripheral groove between its ends, a supply passage communicating y 'with the larger bore, and three passages communicating with the smaller bore, one leading to I the cylinder, the second to the fluid supply,'and' the thirdto exhaust, the groove in the sleeve-like portion of said valve, upon reciprocation of. the

valve, connecting alternatively the passage lead ing to the cylinder with the supply and exhaust passages.

V 10. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a pis ton reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for supplying fluid to and exhausting fluid from said cylinder to effect reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having adifierential bore, a diflerential valve reciprocably mounted in the valve chest bore and havingan elongated sleeve-like body portion fitting the smaller bore and an enlarged end spool fitting the larger bore, said sleeve-like portion having a peripheral groove between its ends, a supply passage communicating with the larger bore, another supply passage communicating with the smaller bore, two other passages communicating with the smaller bore and a third with the larger bore, two of said last mentioned passages leading vto the cylinder and the third to exhaust, the groove in the sleeve-like portion of said valve, upon reciprocation of the valve, connecting alternatively one of the passages leading to the cylinder with the second mentioned supply and the exhaust passages, and a vent passage controlled by said valve and communicating with the larger bore for connecting said other passage leading to the cylinder to atmosphere.

ll. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for supplying fluid to and exhausting fluid from said cylinder to effect reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a difieren tial bore, a diflerential valve reciprocably mounted in the valve chest bore and having an elongated sleeve-like body portion fitting the smaller bore and an enlarged end spool fitting the larger bore, said sleeve-like portion having a peripheral groove between its ends, a supply passage communicat ing with the larger bore, another supply passage communicating with the smaller bore, two other passages communicating with the smaller bore and a third with the larger bore, two of said last mentioned passages leading to the cylinder and the third to exhaust, the groove in the sleeve-like portion of said valve, upon reciprocation of the valve, connecting alternatively one of the passages leading to the cylinderiwith the second mentioned supply and the exhaust passages, a vent passage controlled by said valve and communicating with the larger bore for connecting said other passage leading to the cylinder to atmosphere, and a passage also controlled by the valve for connecting the larger bore with the rear end of the cylinder.

12. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for supplying fluid to and exhausting fluid from said cylinder to effect reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a differential bore, a differential valve reciprocably mounted in the valve chest bore and having an elongated sleeve-like body portion fitting the smaller bore and an enlarged end spool fitting the larger bore, said sleeve-like portion having a pheripheral groove between its ends, a supply passage communicating with the larger bore, two passages communicating with the smaller bore and a third with the larger bore, two. of said last mentioned passages leading to the cylinder and the third to exhaust, another supply passage leading to the smaller bore, the groove in the sleeve-like portion of said valve, upon reciprocation oi the valve, connecting alternatively one of the passages leading to the cylinder with the last mentioned supply and the exhaust passages, a vent passage conmeans for supplying fluid to and exhausting fluid from said'cylinder to eflect reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a differential bore having closed ends, a differential valve reciprocably mounted in the valve chest bore and having a sleeve-like body portion fitting the smaller bore and an enlarged end spool fitting the larger bore, a passage for supplying fluid constantly to one end of the smaller bore to act on one end of the sleeve-like body portion of the valve, three passages communicating with the smaller bore, one an exhaust passage, another a fluidsupply passage, and the third a passage communicating with the smaller bore between said exhaust and fluid supply passages and leading to the forward end of the cylinder, two passages communicating with the larger bore, one a supply passage and the other leading to the cylinder, fluid flow through said passages being controlled by said valve and a third passage communicating with the larger bore and leading to the cylinder.

14. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for supplying fluid to and exhausting fluid from said cylinder to eflect reciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a differential bore having closed ends, a differential valve reciprocably mounted in the valve chest bore and having a sleeve-like body portion fitting the smaller bore and an enlarged end spool fitting the larger bore, a passage for supplying fluid constantly to one end of the smaller bole to act on one end of the sleeve-like body portion of the valve, three passages communicating with the smaller bore, one an exhaust-passage, another a fluid supply passage, and the third a passage communicating with the smaller bore between said exhaustand fluid supply passages and leading to the forward end of the cylinder, two passages communicating with the larger bore, one a supply passage and the other leading to the cylinder, fluid flow through said passages being controlled by said valve, a third passage communicating with the larger bore and leading to the cylinder, a passage communicating with the larger bore for venting one of the passages leading to the cylinder to atmosphere and also controlled by the valve. 7

15. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for supplying pressure fluid to and exhausting fluid from said cylinder to efiect reciprocation of said pistonincluding a valve chest having a differential bore, a differential hollow sleeve valve reciprocably mounted in the valve chest bore and having an enlarged flange fitting the larger bore and an elongated imperiorate sleeve-like body portion fitting the smaller here, said valve having pressure areas the action upon each of which of pressure fluid produces a pressure acting longitudinally of said valve, said pressure areas all being formed either upon an end or upon the outside of said valve, passages for conducting pressure fluid to said areas for positioning said valve including a passage communicating with the larger bore at the rear side of said flangefor conducting pressure fluid from" the motor cylinder-to the rear pressure area on said flange to throw said valve forwardly, a fluid conducting passage communicating with said valve chest bore and leading to the forward'end oiithe motorcylinder; an exhaust passage communicating with said valve chest .bore,a fluid supply communicating with said valve chest is nd fluid conducting passage com-. mun to the rear end of themotor cylinder, said valve controlling the supply or pressure fluid through ffluid :conducting 'passages to the opposite said exhaust passage from the forward'end of said motor cylinder, and valve being thrown into its rearward position by compression pres' sure built up in the rear end of the cylinder,

during the rearward piston stroke and acting on the forward pressure area on the forward end of valve.

id l'na pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a. piston reciproca'ole therein, fluid distribu-' tion means for supplying pressure fluid to and exhausting fluid from said cylinder to effect re ciprocation of said piston including a valve chest having a diflerential bore, a differential hollow sleeve valve reciprocably mounted in the valve chest bore and having an enlarged flange fitting the larger bore and an elongated imperforate sleeve-like body portion fitting the smaller bore, said valve having pressure areas, passages for conducting pressure fluid to said areas for positioning valve including a passage communieating with the larger bore at the rear side of leading to the forward end or" the motor cylinder,

an 'Anaust passage communicating with said val e chest bore, a fluid supply passage communi eating with said valve chest bore, and a fluid conducting passage communi ating with said valve chest bore and leading to the real-lend of the motor cylinder, said valve controlling the supply of pressure fluid through said fluid conducting to, the opposite ends of said motor cylinder and the exhaust from the forward end of said motor cylinder, and said valve beingv thrown into its rearward position by compression pressure built up in the rear end 01' the cylinder during the rearward piston stroke and acting on the forward pressure area on the for- V ward end oi said valve.

17. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reclprocable therein, and fluid distribution' ing pressure areas, passages for conducting pres-' sure fluid to said areas for positioning said valve including a passage communicating with the larger bore at the rear side of said flange for conducting the pressure fluid from the motor in with said valve chest bore and leading cylinder to the rearipre'ssure areaon said. flange tot'nrow said-valve forwardly, a fluid conductingv passage communicating with said valve chest bore and leading to the forward end of the motor.-

ducting passages to the opposite ends or" said 7 motor cylinderand the'exhaust from theforward ends of said motor cylinder andenhaust through end or" said mot-or cylinder, and said valvebeing thrown into its rearward position by compression pressure built up in the rear end of the cylinder during the rearward-piston stroke and acting on the forward pressure area on the forward end of saidvalve, and a vent passage communicating with the larger bore and controlled bysaid valve flange for venting the larger here at the rear side or" said flange-to atmosphere;

13. In a pressure fluid motor,- a cylinder, a

piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for supplying pressure fluid to and exhausting fluid from said cylinder to effect reci rocation of said piston including a valve chest having a differential bore, a differential hollow sleeve ivalvereciprocably mounted in the valve chest bore and having an enlarged flange fitting the larger bore and an elongated imper iorate sleeve-like body portion fitting the smaller bore, said valve having pressure areas the action upon each of which of pressure fluid produces a pressure acting longitudinally of said valve, pas

sages for conducting pressure fluid to said areas for positioning said valve including a passage communicating with the larger bore at the. rear sideof said flange for conducting pressure fluid from the motor cylinderito the rear pressure area on said flange to throw said valve forwardly Jand' a passage constantly supplied with live pressure during running of said motor-and communicating with said valve chest bore at a point in the latter spaced from and further to the rear than the point of communication of said last mentioned passage, to provide a forward bias to said valve, a fluid conducting passage communicating with said valve chest bore and leading to the forward end of the motor cylinder, an exhaust passage communicating with said valve chest bore, a fluidsupply passage communicating with said valve chest bore, and a fluid conducting passage communicating with said valve chest bore andleading to the rear end of the motor cylinder, said valve controlling the supply of pressure fluid through said fluid conducting passages to. the

opposite ends of said motor cylinder and exhaust through said exhaust passage from the forward end of said motor cylinder, and said valve being thrown intoiits rearward position by compression said motor including a valve chest in longitudinal alinement with said cylinder, a tubular valve reciprocable longitudinally in said valve chest and comprising an imperforate sleeve open from end .to end, said valve having an area in constant communication with the rear end of the cylinder whereby the valve is thrown in the rearward direction by compression pressure'built up in the rear end of the cylinder on the return stroke of the piston, means for throwing the valve in the opposite direction comprising an annular shoulder on said valve presenting a rearwardly facing area, means for subjecting the latter area to intermittent pressure, and means for subjecting a ferential valve said valve chest and comprising an imperforate sleeve open from end to end, said valve having aniarea in constant communication. with therear end of the cylinder whereby the valve may be thrown rearwardly by compression of the fluid which is trapped in the rear end of the cylinder at the time of closing of the exhaust, and means for throwingthe valve in the opposite direction including a rearwardly facing area adapted to be subjected to intermittent pressure and an area disposed rearwardly of the latter area; and subjected to constant fluid pressure.

. v a ELMER G. GARTIN.

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