US1924724A - Concrete wall and method of building and finishing same - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 29, 1933.` H. B. oLNEY 1,924,724 q Aug. 29, 1933. H. B. oLNEY 'CONCRETE WALL AND METHOD OF FINISHING SAME 'Filed Feb. 15, 1932 s sheets-sheet 2 Patented Aug. 29, i933 i Harry B. Olney, East Chicago, End., assigner to Gnarles M. Reed, East Chicago, Ind.

14 Claims.

This invention relates to n Nprovements in concrete Walls and method of ishing the same, and it con of the matters hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Tie primary object oi the invention is to provide an improved Wall of this kind and one which may be built with greater speed and at a less cost than is possible under methods as today practiced.

Another object of the invention is to provide a Wall of this kind including members employed for spacing the forms and which members may aiso act as ties for veneering prick, as well as means for holding the rei i rcing members during the pouring or the concrete.

A further object oi the invention is to pro vide a Wall of this kind nav-ing facings of insulation which provide the forms for the Wall and which iacings or forms are held in spaced relation by members that tie the veneering in place.

Still a further object of' the invention is to provide improved method oi building a Wall of this kind unich is fast and economical and ivnich insures a substantial tied connection for the veneering prick.

The above mentioned objects of the invention as well as other together with the many advantages, will more fully appear as I proceed With my specification. I

In the drawing:-

Fig, l is a vertical sectional View through a part of a brick veneered concrete Wall embodying one form of my inventioni Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional viewthrough the same as taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Fie. 3 is a pers; ective View ci a certain bar embodying a part of the invention for holding 40 the forms in spaced relation and for tying the veneering brick to one face of the Wall.

Fig. is a detail perspective view ci a modied form of tie bar which may be advantageously employed in building the Wall.

Fig. 5 is a perspective View showing another modified form of tie bar including a different kind of reinforcing bar engaging parts. d

Fi 6 is a perspective view of a slightly modi- O ed form ci bar for use in building a brick veneered concrete Wall devoid of insulation faoing sheets.

Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view through a part of brick vence-red wall in the course of erection and illustrates the manner in which a dif.e

cation February 15, i932. .Serial No. 592,914

(Cl. 'Y2- 30) ferent kind of iorm is employed in connection with the bar shown in Fig. 6.

i'ie. 8 is another verticai sectional View similar to Fig. 'ibut illustrates a finished Wall construction devoid of the facing sheets of insulation.

In general, in building up the improved Wall, I provide forms which are neld` in the desired spaced relation by transverse bars having portions ormed to receive both margins of adja- Gf cent form members. Said bars as here shown are so made to coact in securing in place, at points between said form, the reinforcing bars ior the concrete and in o e form of the invention each bar has a tongue at one end extending beyond the adjacent forni for engagement in the mortar between tivo courses ci veneering brick so as to tie them to thewall.

Preferably ,but not necessarily so, the form members employed may be sheets of insulating material, which are not thereafter removed but are left as acings ici' the wall so that the conduction of heat units through said Wall is reduced to a minimum.

Referring now in detail to that embodiment of 30 the invention illustrated Figs. l to 6 inclusive, of the drawings and especially to Fig. 3, the same shows a form spreading and veneering brick tie bar l made of flat Vstrap metal or" the desired length. At one end said is slit longitudinally to provide parts which .may be turned at right angles but in dii-ferent directions to provide an outer set oi oppositeiy yextending 'ngers 2 2. Near said fingers, there is punched from opposite sides of the bar, parts which are turned at'right angles in diiiercnt directions to provide an inner set Yof shorter iingers 3- 3 which are spaced from the ngers 2--2 a distance approximating the thickness of the form material to be usedand which will `be later referred to.

The other end of said bar is formed to provide a head d with a short iiange 5 bent at a right angle to the bar, as shown and this flange may extend upwardly or downwardly.' Near said head, I form from opposite `rgins of the bar, a set of'outer nngers 6-5 which are companions to the ngers 3-3. Preferably in said bars between said sets of fingers, are longitudinally spaced openings 8-S.

In building a brick veneered concrete Wall in accordance with one embodiment of my invention, I take one of the bars l as shown and Hatten back the fingers on the bottom side of the bar and secure it in place to the footing for the vvall.v The number of bars thus used of course,

depending upon the length ci the walls. This leaves the first or footing bar or bars with only the upwardly facing fingers. 1 then place the bottom marginal part of two form members 9 9 in the spaces between the sets of fingers 2 3 and 6 8 and then swing them into a perpendicular position. A second bar is applied to the top margin of said form members and this holds the said form members in spaced relation. It .is pointed out that when an insulated wall of this hind is desired, the form members used are preferably sheets of insulating material. When the bars are in this position, the head 4 extends a suitable distance outwardly beyond the outer form member 9.

Reinforcing rods 10 are inserted downthrough the holes 8 3 in the said bars and concrete' 11 is then poured in between the forms. In the erection of the forms and the pouring of the concrete, the veneering brick 12 may be laid, with. mortar 13 in between the outer form 9 and the brick and in between the courses of said brick, as shown in Fig. 1 or an air space may be provided between the veneer and the other part of the wall as indicated at 13a of Fig. 8.

It is pointed out that the head end 4 of th bar will come in between the courses of the bric and when said mortar hardens, the mortar not only acts to secure the bricks to each other but to the outer facing member 9 and at the same time the heads 4 are securely anchored in said mortarto tie the veneering b 1ick to the wall.

In practice the forms for one floor of the building will usually be erected but if desired, a simple course of forms may be erected and after the concrete substantially reaches the second bar, the next course of forms can be applied with their bottom margins disposed in the spaces between the top sets of lingers 1 3 andY 6 7 and then areswung into perpendicular position. Thereafter more bars l are applied to the rods 10 from their top end and slid down into place so as to engage the top margins of the form members just mentioned and concrete is then poured and the associated veneering brick are laid as before mentioned. It is pointed out that at predetermined courses, the bars 1 thus act to tie the brick to the forms and concrete, and the steps are continued preferably in the sequence mentioned until the:1 desired height of wall is attained. Thus a wall having a reinforced concrete core and inner and uter facings of insulation is provided with a veneering of brick on the outer face of the wall, all tied togetoer in an integral structure.

Instead of having the iiat bar structure shown in Figs. 1 and 2, I may twist that portion 14 of the bar between the sets of lingers mentioned as best shown in Fig. 4 so that the edges thereof are disposed perpendicularly. Such a structure eliminates the formation of voids beneath said bars during pouring oi the concrete as is apparent. To hold the reinforcing bars in place to such a bar, lingers 15 are punched out from one side of the bar to receive the reinforcing rods 10 between them after which said iingers may be bent over to engage the bar and hold it against displacement as when the concrete is being poured. Such fingers are advantageous because it is not necessary to slip the bars upon the reinforcing rods from the top ends and then slide them down in place.

As a modification of the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2, so far as engagement with the reinforcing rods 10 is concerned, I may cut out a part of one margin of the bar so as to leave an opening 16, therein, with two fingers 17 17 at its open side which after the reinforcing bar is in place, may be bent down to confine said bars in said openings. Such an arrangement is best shown in Fig. 5.

Where it is not desired to provide the insulation facings for the concrete as before mentioned, I provide bars 1 such as before described, but merely cut or break. off the head end 4 close up to the outer fingers 6 7 and such a bar is best shown in Fig. 6. n building up a wall wherein the insulation facings are not desired, I set up wooden forms as shown in Fig. 7 and such forms consists merely of boards 18 engaged at their margins in the spaces between the sets of fingers 2 3 and 6 7. The concrete l1 is then poured and is allowed to set. After the concrete has set, the form boards 18 are removed and this leaves the outer lingers 6 spaced from the concrete and both sets of inner fingers 3 7 embedded in the face of the concrete. Thereafter the outer fingers 2 and that narrow part of the bar connecting them to the remainder of the bar on that side of the concrete to be the inside of the wall are broken off close up to the associated inner lingers. This may be readily done by engaging a claw hammer with said narrower part of the bar and twisting same which will cause the unnecessary part to break ofi at the desired point adjacent the lingers.

The outer fingers 6 projecting from that face of the concrete which is to be the outer face are then bent into substantially the plane of the bar.

Thereafter veneering brick l2 are laidin the usual manner to provide the dii-ferent courses of brick, the flattened out outer fingers being disposed in the layer of mortar between those courses of brick that align with the bar. Thus when the mortar hardens, the flattened out in- 4 gers 6 act to tie or bind certain courses of the veneering bick to the concrete of the wall, It is of course understood, that in building a wall as above described, the concrete may be rein- 1 forced by providing the rods 10 that may be secured to the bars in any of the manners before described, or in the following manner:-

Along each side margin of the bar near the inner lingers 3 and 7, I punch out a relatively long finger 19 which is still connected at one end to the bar. This leaves a shallow recess in the bar into which the reinforcing bar is engaged after which said long ringer 19 is partially wrapped around the reinforcing bar as best f shown in Fig. 6.

A wall built as described, has the veneering bick positively tied or bonded thereto so that a permanent veneering is attainable and one which is not liable to loosen up from the coni crete. When the wall is built with the insulation sheets as forms and these forms are left in place, it is apparent that a thoroughly insulated brick veneered wall is provided wherein heat transmission through the wall is effectively prevented.

it should also be mentioned that where the forms are left in place they not only provide insulation but also provide a suitable plaster :ase

so that any desired finish can readily be applied.

Again, even where the forms are not left in place, but are made of wood, many advantages result from the use of my invention. For example, it has been the common practice in erecting wooden forms to provide vertical X fl braces on the outer side of the form every eighteen inches.

9. The method of forming a brick veneered concrete wall which consists in erecting wall forms in spaced relation, applying a tie member to said forms to hold them in said spaced relation and which tie member includes a pair of oppositely facing iingers arranged parallel with and engaged with the outer face of one of said forms, pouring concrete between said forms, removing said one of said forms, bending both fingers or said tie members into substantially the plane of the body and spreading them slightly laterally and applying veneering brick and mortar in place with respect to said concrete from which said one of said form members has been removed so that said parts of said tie member so bent are anchored in the mortar between certain courses of the brick and tie-the same to the wall.

i0. The method oi building brick veneered concrete walls which consists in erecting wall forms in spaced relation, applying a tie member to said forms to hold them in spaced relation and which tie member includes a part engaging the outer face of one of said forms, positioning reinforcing members in place between said form members and operatively engaging them with said tie member, pouring concrete between said forms to embed said tie member and reinforcing members, removing said one of said forms after setting of the concrete, bending said part of the tie member into substantially the plane oi 'the body or" the tie member and applying veneering brick and mortar in place with respect to the concrete from which said form member has been removed so that said part of said tie member bent into substantial extension with the body is anchored in the mortar between certain courses oi the veneering brick and ties the same to the wall.

ll. The method ci building brick veneered concrete walls which consists in erecting wall forms in spaced relation, applying a tie member to said forms to hold them in spaced relation and which tie member includes an end part engaging the outer face of one of said forms and intermediate parts adapted for engagement by reinforcing rods, positioning reinforcing rods between said forms in engagement with said intermediate parts of the tie member, pouring concrete between said forms to embed said tie member and reinforcing.

members therein, removing said one of said forms, bending said end parts of the tie member into substantially the plane of the body of the tie member and applying veneering brick and mortar in place with respect to that face of the concrete from which said form member has been removed so that said end parts of said tie member bent into substantial extension with the body is anchored in the mortar between certain courses of the veneering brick and tie the same to the wall.

i2. The method oi building brick veneered concrete wall which consists in erecng wall forms in spaced relation, applying a tie member to said forms to hold them in spaced relation and which tie member includes an end part engaging the outer face or one of said forms and having a recess in one o margins between its ends and which opening may be cios-od by bendable prongs, positio 'ng a reinforcing rod in said recess and deiorming said prongs to retain said rod in said recess, pouring concrete between said forms to embed the tie member reinforcing rod therein, removing said one oi said forms and bending said end part of the tie member into substantially the plane of the body ci the tie member and applying veneering brick and mortar with respect to that face of the concrete from which said form member been removed so that said end part of the timember bent into substantial eX- tension `with the body of the tie member is anchored in the mortar between certain courses of the veneering brick and tie the same to the wall.

13. A bri i; veneered concrete wall embodying therein, a concrete wall part, insulating material on each side or said wail part, a tie member embedded in said wall part and engaged with said insulating material and veneering brick mortared in cou against insulating material on one side ci wall part, a part of said tie member extending beyond said insulating material on one side or said wall and being anchored in the mortar between said courses or bricks for tying the same to the wall part.

14. A brick veneered concrete wall embodying therein, a concrete wall part, insulating material on each'side of said wall part, a tie member embedded in said wall part and engaged with said insulating material, reinforcing members embedded in said wall part and engaged into said tie member and veneering brick mortared in courses against the insulating material on one side of said wall part, a part of said tie member extending beyond said insulating material upon said one side of said wall part and anchored in the mortar between said courses of brick for tying the same to the wall part.

HARRY B. OLNEY.

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