US1913919A - Square - Google Patents

Description

l. DION SQUARE Jung 13, 1933.

Filed June 18, 1950 Patented J une 13, 1933 PATENrl Orl-Icev ISAIE DION, OFSWANSEA, MASSACHUSETTS f SQARE .Application filed June This invention relates tojimprovements in squares and particularly to squares inpvwhich the blade and tongue members `are p'ivotallyr connected so vas to be foldeditogether ina compact form. f l y The inventionturther consists in attach` ing one of the members of an i auxiliary square along one of the members of a main square vhavingfpivoted blade j and tongue 19 members to facilitate in calculating for length and angles in roof construction and other angular constructions involving length andangles. This arrangement of a main square andan auxiliary square asishown affords a quick means for computing rafter` lengths, and the like, in roof constructions as well as giving therequired angles for cutting the various roof members. y v

rlhe invention further consists"V of improved connecting means betweenr the various elements and various novel features of constructionand arrangement ofparts here-- inafter shown, described and claimed.

In the drawing forming part'of this speci*- ication, like characters of referencel designate corresponding parts yin the several yiigures, in which- Y f Figure 1 is al plan view of a main square and an auxiliary square embodying features of this invention, with membersof the main square at right'angles to'each other and indicated in two different angular positions showing the use of the square and attached auxiliary squarev asit is particularly adapt- 53 ed for use in connection with framing a roofV of abuilding,

Figure 2 is an enlarged plan View, corresponding to a portion of Figure 1, of the hinged portion Aof the square with the blade and tongue at right angles to eachother, i ,i

Figure 3 is an enlarged cross sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Figure I'1,

Figure4 is -a cross sectional viewtaken on line 4 4 of Figure 2, Y i f Figure 5 is an enlarged edge view'of'a porn" tion of the blade member,

Figure 6 is a detail sectional View taken on line 6 6 of Figure 2,

Figure 7 is a detail 'view of a' clamping member which may be used to hold the blade 1930. serial'ivo. 462,038.

of the auxiliaryy square against the blade `o1:

the main square when desired.

b Figure' 8 is an end view of the blade mem-y line 9 9 of Figure 1. Y

i Referring to vthe drawing, the reference character 10 broadly designates the main square whichhas a blade 11 and a tongue 12 thatare connected by means of a pivot 13, as 50 shown in Figure y1. A smaller auxiliary square 14 having blade and tongue members 15 and 16 may be secured to the main square by means o1 a pair of clamping members generally designated by numerals 17.`

The main square in its preferred' 'form is made with itsblade member 11, 24 long and 2 Wide and tongue member 12', 16 in effective length and 1%. widel after a Standard practice with carpenters squares, The 70 outer edge ofthe blade and tongue members 18 and 19 respectively and `inner edge 2() of the tongue member may be provided with standard scales, as shown jig. Both mem# bers as .shown are preferably of materia-l' 1/8 15- thick and the. blade member has secured thereto bymeans of rivets 21 or the like, extra pieces of material, 22 at its outer end, and 23 extending, fromv the inner end of piece 22 to the other end of the blade. Member 23 is 80 provided with anfarcuate port-ion at 24 beveled downwardly andoutwardly asshown at 2.5. This arcuate portion of piece 23 is concentric with a pivot point 26, 1 in from the end and 1'in from the outer edge 18 of the 85 blade. The tongue member 12 is formed with an extended beveled portion 27 corresponding with the arcuate portionof mem- -ber 23`and in whichit is seated and adapted to swing sogas to be in full open position as 00 indicated at 28 in Figure 1 or when in folded position to engage the recess 29 in the blade member as provided for by members 22 and Referring to Figuresl 2and 4 particularly, 05

the pivot member 13 for 'securing'the blade 11 and tongue 12 in swinging relationship is shown as comprising a bushing member 30 seated inthe tongue member. This bushing member extends downwardly into blade 11 10 Figure 9 is a cross sectional .view taken on 55 y iarysquare to tongue 12 of the main square for locking them together.

as shown at 31 and is provided with an extending flange 32 co-operating with an enlargement in the opening in the tongue member for receiving the bushing member. The bushing member has a concentric aperture 33 which is beveled at 34. A rivet member 35 having its head 36 seated in a corresponding aperture in the'blade 11 and its central portion 37 extending through the opening 33 of bushing member 30 with its end riveted into the beveled portion 34 of the bushing member completes the pivot member for the tongue and blade of the main square.

As in my former Patent No. 1,477,210 of March 18, 192-2, when 'the blade and tongue members are closed a screw 38 is used to lock the members together. This screw is cut away at 39 and the tongue recessed at 40 to receive the edge of the screw when it is turned down tight upon the tongue and blade By turning the screw. until the cut away portion 39 is in the position as shown in Figure 1 the tongue is released and may be swung outwardly around pivot 13.

In order to lock the blade and tongue of the main square at various angles with respect to each other the blade is provided with an arcuate beveled slot 41, as best shown in Figures 2 and 6, in concentric relation with pivot point 26 and the tongue is provided with a threaded opening 42 for receiving the threaded shank of a screw -43 which has its head seated in said slot 41. By turning Screw'43 in or out the tongue may be secured from turning or released so as to swing on :pvot 13. The slot is preferably countersunk .020 deeper at its end 44 for receiving the head of the screw 43 and more positively maintaining the blade and tongue members intheir right-angular position.

Blade member 11 is provided with a scale 45 extending centrally along the line of pivot point 26, which scale is divided into a le scale for the purpose of computing rafter i lengths and the like in conjunction with auxiliary square 14 when it is attached to the tongue `member 12. In order to attach the auxiliary square to tongue 12 of the main square the tongue is is provided with a series of apertures 46, three beingshown spaced two inches from center to center. These apertures are of the character shown in Figure 3, formed to receive flanged bushing members 47 having extending shank portions 48 which are adapted to engage in the apertures 49 in tongue member 16 of the auxiliary square 14; tongue member16 is provided with three apertures 49 arranged two inches from center tocenter. A screw 50 is adapted .to engage tongue member 16 and have its shank 51 threaded through the bushing 47.; twosuch bushings and screw members are employed for securing the tongue of the auxilwith its outer edge 52 coincident with the outer edge 19 of tongue 12.

Auxiliary square 14 is preferably formed with its tongue portion 9 long and blade portion 13 long and each of these members is 1 in width and of a suitable thickness, preferably 1/8. Both the inner and outer edges of tongue 16 and blade 15 are provided with le scales so as to co-operate with scale 45 on blade member 11 of the main square.

It will be noted that when tongue 16 of the auxiliary square is secured to tongue 12 of the main square the scale along the inner edge 53 of tongue 16 will be in direct alignment with pivot point 26 of the members of the main square. The apertures in these members are so arranged that the distance from pivot point 26 to the inner end 54 of the scale along edge 53 is 12 and from said pivot point to the outer edge of blade 15-at 55 is 13 with the auxiliary square secured to tongue 11 of the main square as shown in the angular position indicated at 55. The auxiliary square is shown in an extended position on the tongue 11 as shown with the tongue in the position indicated at 56; in this position it is extended 4 further,-the inner portion of the scale along edge 53 being 16" from pivot point 26 and point 55 on the outer edge of the blade, 17 from said pivot point. By means of the three apertures in each of the tongue members, 11 and 16, the auxiliary square can be placed in three different positions thereon so that by using the points 54 and 55 as reference points lengths correspending to 12 and 13 feet in the first position, 14 and 15 feet in the second position and 16 and 17 feet in the third position may be secured as will hereinafter be explained.

Auxiliary square 14 preferably has portions of its ends cut at angles. Blade 15 is shown having a 45O or miter cut.57 which is most commonly used in general carpenter work; the end of tongue 16 is cut 221/2" or Octagon cut as indicated at 58, this cut being convenient for cutting material for Octagon formations but being less common than the miter cut.

In operation the main square 10 may have its blade and tongue members folded together and secured by means of screw 38 or the tongue may be swung on the pivot 13 and locked at any desired angle by means of screw 43 engaging the beveled arcuate slot 41 or the deeper counter-sunk portion thereof as heretofore fully set forth.

When it is desired to compute for rafters or other roof members the auxiliary square 14 is secured to the main square 10. Assuming it is desired to compute the rafters and angles of an ordinary hip roof 24 wide the auxiliary square is attached to the main square so that the distance from pivot point 26 to point 54 of the scale along edge '53 of tongue 16 is 12 corresponding to 12', that is, one half of lao krei-3,9 19

the 24 width. If the pitc-h of the roof is 12- the scale along edge 59 being 12 corresponds to the 12 pitch where the 12 mark or end at 60 coincides with scale 45, which scale Vstarts V,and said member with the arcuateslot being at pivot point 26 as its end, it indicates the rafter length approximately 17. Again as-` suming the same width roof and a pitch of 8 the tongue 12 is swung so thatthe scale along edge 59 engages scale 45 with the 8 mark of the scale along edge 59 coincident with scale 45 and the corresponding rafter length may be read directly therefrom,-approximately 145. When the members are set to give the rafter length the tongue and blade members of the main square may be secured in such position by means of screw 43 and an auxiliary clamp 61 shown in Figure 7, comprising a spring 62, engaging members 63 and a clamping screw 64 which may be placed so as to engage the blade members 11 and 15 in order to more securely hold the members in their required position. The blade and tongue members 11 and 12 may be provided with rafter and hip and valley protractor scales 65 and 66 respectively or any other type of protractor scales may be used in place thereof if desired.

It will be noted that with the present arrangement of the main square and auxiliary square roofs varying from 24 to 34 in width may be directly computed and various roof angles readily obtained with the auxiliary square secured in place in the three different positions as provided for by means of the pair of fastening members 17 and either the inner edge scale at 59 or the scale on the outer edge at 67 is employed in co-operation with scale 45 as may be required.

In the foregoing description the use of the squares for computing roof measurements has been set forth in considerable detail. However it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the use of the squares for roofing computations for which it has been specifically designed but may be employed in other computations of a similar character. Obviously the specific construction and arrangement of parts may be modified and various changes may be made in the form, arrangement and organization of parts as may fairly fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

What is claimed as the invention and is desired to be secured by Letters Patent is 1. A square comprising blade and tongue members pivoted to each other at their meeting ends, said blade member being formed with a recess into which the tongue member may be received as a whole lwhen it is swung into a folded position, a screw carried by the blade member adapted to engage the end of the tongue remote fromthe pivot when the members are closed upon each other for securing themy together, one of the members having an arcuate slot concentric with the pivot, a screw passing through said slot'and as to fasten the members'in any-desired angular relationship with respect to'eachother,

countersunk at one yend of said"v slot to aii'ord a deeper seat for engagement with the head of said screw so that the members may be positively loclredwhen they areswung to right angles with respect to each other. l f 2.A square comprising -blade and tongue members, a pivot for connectingsaid members, one of said members being provided with an arcuate slotconcentric with said pivot, the other of said members having a threaded' opening therein, -a VVscrew 'extending through said slot in the `iirstfnamed member engaging in the threaded opening of the second named member and adapted to have its head seated in said slot vso as to secure the blade'andtongue-members in the desired angular relationship to each other, and said memberwith the arcuate slot having a portion of the slot countersunk to afford a deeper seatV for the head ofthe screw whereby the `members of the-square are more positively maintained in the angular position correspondingfto the position of said counter-sunk ,portion` i The `combination with a square having blade and tongue members and a 'pivotal connection between theiradjaCent ends, of van auxiliary square having blade and tongue members, and means for attaching said auxiliarysquare with an outer edge thereof along an 'outer edge of a member of said first square so that said attached members of the squares are in lengthwise overlapping relationship with respect to each' other and 'theA other member of the auxiliary square extends vvoutwardly at right-angles'from the member of the main square to which it is attached'andis adapted to overlap the other member of the main square when said member is swung inwardly as provided for by the pivotal con- I nection between its members.

4. In a combination of a square composed of a blade member, a tongue member, and a pivotal connection between said members, and each of-said members having a longitudinal scale extending from the axis of they pivotal connection of the members and lengthwise thereof, of an auxiliary square comprising blade and tongue members in fixed relationship to each other, and means for attachi ing the tongue of the auxiliary square tothe tongueof the main square in lengthwise overlapping relationship with respect to each other with the inner edge of the tongue of the auxiliary square along the said scale on the tongue of the main square projecting from the axis of the pivotal connection of the members thereof, and the edges of the blade member being adapted to cooperate with the axial scale on the blade member of the main square fwhen itis swung inwardlyas provided for by -the pivotal connection between the two members of the main square.

5.' The combination of a main square composed of a blade member, a tongue member, Aand a pivotal connection between said members, and each of said membersl having a longitudinally extending scale extending from the axis of the pivotal connection ofthe mem- 10 bers and lengthwise thereof, of an auxiliary square comprising blade and tongue members in -ixed relationship to each other, and a plurality of set screws and a plurality of apertures in the corresponding members for at- 15 tacliing the tongue of the auxiliary square in any one of a plurality of' positions along the tongue of the main square in lengthwise overlapping relationship with respect to each other with the inner edge of the tongue of 520 the auxiliary square along the said scale on the tonguey of the main square projecting from the axis of the pivotal connection of the vmembers thereof, and the edges of the blade member being adapted to cooperate with the axial scale on theblade' member of the main square when it is swung inwardly as provided for by the pivotal connection between `the two members of the main square.

6. The combination of a main square and `10 an auxiliary square, each having blade and tongue members, the blade and tongue of the main square being pivotally connected, wherein a member of each of the squares is provided with a plurality of equally spaced 255 apertures arranged so that they will coincide and the outer edges of the members also coincide, and a pair offastening members cooperating with a pair of the apertures in the members of the two squares Jfor securing the o squares together.

In testimony whereof he affxes his signature.

ISAIE DION.

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