US1903697A - Boiler feed apparatus with exhaust steam preheater - Google Patents

Description

A ril 11, 1933. H. DEUTSCH BOILER FEED APPARATUS WITH EXHAUST STEAM PREHEATER Filed Jan. 6, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet l pea-#50 April 11,1933. sc I 1,903,697

BOILER FEED APPARATUS WITH EXHAUST STEAM PRE HEATER Filed Jan. 6, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig.2

4 44 &43

H. DEUTSCH 1,903,697

BOILER FEED APPARATUS WITH EXHAUST STEAM PREHEATER April 11, 1933.

Filed Jan. 6, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Dean :64

INYEN TGK Patented Apr. 11 1933 Hens DEU'ISCH, on VIENNA, A STRIA, A'ssrenon r0 FIRM: ALEX FRIEDMANN, on

PATENT OFFICE VIENNA, AUSTRIA BOILER FEED APPARATUS wir EXHAUST STEAM PREHEATER Application filed January 6, 1930, Serial No. 4 ,18,909, andin Austria January 8, 1929.

It is known that exhaust steam preheaters. more particularly those which are employed with locomotives, do not give the full theo-v retical attainable efficiency, since the theory assumes that the whole of the water to beevaporatcd is fed under conditionsin which the regulator or throttle of the locomotive is open, that is, when exhaust steam ble.

This assumption 1s not str ctly ustiiied,

isv availasince a portion of the feed water must be de- 7 livered into the boiler when the locomotive regulator or throttle is closed this water cannot in the usual constructions be heated by exhaust steam, because, when the locomotive regulator or throttle is closed, there is no exhaust steam.

Devices are known with the object to PlG. heat the feed water by exhaust. steam, eve-n when the locomotive regulator or throttle is closed, in which by the provision of a hot water container there is a supplyof water which is heated by exhaust steam when the steam valve is open, but which is fed into the boiler only when the locomotive regulator or throttle is closed.

The restricted space conditions on a locomotive, however, make it impossible to provide a hot water container sufhciently large to contain, when the locomotive regulator or throttle is closed, the quantity of water required for all cases. A certain deficit must almost always be pumped from the ,cold water container, in order to bring the lowered level of the boiler water to the required height.

The above-mentioned feeding devices with the inserted hot Water container mustneces- I saril v be so constructed that thestaif have only to operate one or two handles and that the apparatus otherwise acts ELIltOH'lEltlCitllY;

when the locomotive regulator or throttle is open, water is delivered, as required, either from the cold water container into the boiler or into the hot water container with the valve closed, on the other hand, from the hot water container into the boiler. Also, in

spite of the various different conditions. of

feeding the water, the apparatus should reqiie no extreme attention on the part of the s a Previously known devices of the type describedallow only the following three variations of the feed: Y

1. With the locomotive regulator open, the boiler can befed from the cold water contamer.

2.v With the locomotive regulator open, the hot water container can be fed from the cold water container. 7

v3. With, the locomotive regulator closed, the boiler must be fed from the hot water container.

In this way the feed apparatus. is incomplete, since cases can occur in which the apparatus is not in a position to, deliver water to the boiler and particularly with the steam valve closed when the hot water con tai-ner has been already emptied, before the from the cold water container and also from the hot water container, the same apparatus. also at the same time permitting, with the locomotive regulator open, the boilerto be fed from the cold water container and also the hot water container to be charged: with out requiringany additional feeding appa ratus, or involving a more inconvenient ma nipulation than the usual feeding devices. The above-mentioned drawback is. completelyobviated, and the feeding apparatus is are ranged to comply with all the required conditions without necessitating the provision of a second feeding device.

The accompanying drawings illustrate an example. of an apparatus according to the invention, in which Fig. 1 shows the arrangement on the 1006- motive;

Fig. 2 is a section through the-exhaust steam injector and a junction box in connec-- tion with the: injector; and

erably used with this apparatus.

In Fig. 1, 1 represents an exhaust steam injector in which automatically operating valves are inserted, connected by pipes 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10 with the junction box 16.

The junction box 16 is connected by pipe 7 and a closing device 21 to the steam space of the boiler. Two feeding paths lead from it also to the boiler. The boiler can also be fed from the junction box by a pipe 13 and feed box 19 and by a pipe 14 which leads to the hot water container 18 from which a pipe 20 is connected to the boiler by a feed valve 22. From the exhaust steam injector 1, the pipe 10 leads to a valve 17 called afterwards the supplementary valve. The valve is connected by branch pipes 11 and 12, respectively, with the junction box 16 and the hot water container 18.

The exhaust steam from the working cylinder of the locomotive, after passing the oil extractor 15, is led through a pipe 3 to the exhaust steam injector, which receives water from the tender through a pipe 2. The live steam is led from the cylinder through a pipe 4 which leads to branches 5 and 6, said branches leading in their turn to the exhaust steam injector and to the junction box 16, respectively.

The positions of the valve shown in Fig. 2 correspond to the case in which the boiler is fed from the cold water container with the locomotive regulator closed, while at the same time the hot water from the container 18 can flow to the boiler.

The apparatus can operate under four difterent working conditions under which the boiler is to be fed.

1. Theboiler is to be fed with the locomotive regulator closed. In this case there are three difierent ways possible:

a. With the control valve 23 open and the supplementary valve 17 closed, the contents of the hot water container 18 can be discharged into the boiler.

6. Both the control valve 23 and the supplementary valve are opened, so that at the same time hot water from the container flows to the boiler and water from the tender is delivered into the boiler by means of live steam.

c. The control valve 23 and the supplementary'valve 17 are opened; the container 18 has been, however, already emptied and the boiler is only fed by water from the tender directly introduced into the boiler by means of live steam.

2. The regulator of the locomotive is closed and boiler feed is not required. In this case both valves 23 and 17 are closed.

3. The locomotive regulator is open and boiler feed is not required. In this case both valves 23 and 17 are closed and 24 opened, so that the exhaust steam only delivers water into the container.

4. The locomotive regulator is open and boiler feed is required. The control valve 23 is opened and valve 24 is closed, the supplementary valve 17 is closed. The injector then feeds water from the tender by means of exhaust steam and live steam into the boiler.

The apparatus shown in Fig. 2 fulfils its purpose under these four working conditions. Its arrangement and working are described in the following:

la denotes the working condition in which the boiler is fed with hot water from the con tainer with the locomotive regulator closed. The control valve 23 must be opened and the supplementary valve 17 closed. The live steam is taken from the boiler through the steam inlet 21 (Fig. 1) and flows through the pipe 7 and the valve 23 into the chamber 44. The steam pressure lifts the valve 26 and presses it on its upper seat. This is possible because the locomotive regulator is closed and there is no pressure in the pipes 4, 5 and 6 and in the chamber above the valve 26, in which the non-return valve is connected with the valve 26. The steam now enters through an opening 36 into the pipe 11 and from there passes through the pipe 12 into the container 18, so that the latter is under the boiler pressure. Hot water can now flow from the container 18 through the pipe 20 and the feed box 22 to the boiler.

Under the working condition denoted by 1b, the boiler is to be fed with water from the tender by live steam at the same time is fed with water from the container 18. In this case, both the control valve 23 and the supplementary valve 17 must be open. Steam enters through the pipe 11 into the pipe 10 and acts on the exhaust steam injector, the valve 29 being moved to the left and held down on its left seat. There is, therefore, boiler pressure in the chamber 37 of the exhaust steam injector. The valve 38 is thereby moved to the right and the valve 39 opened. Also, the valve 30 is raised and pressed on its upper seat, so that a path is opened to the chamber 40 and also to the chamber 42 after the valve 41 has been displaced to the right. Steam flows from the chamber 40 under full boiler pressure into the live steam nozzle 49 and from the chamber 42 through holes 50 which throttle the steam to the exhaust steam nozzle 46 down to the pressure of the exhaust steam. Water from the tender is now delivered over the combining nozzle and the valve 43 to the pipe 9. From the pipe 9 the water passes to the pipe 13 and through the feed box 19 into the boiler. The two feeding processes take place at the same time and entirely automatically after the valves 23 and 17 have been opened. In this working condition (112) the arrangement represented in Fig. 1 has the following disadvantage if two feed boxes 19 and 22 are provided. The starting of the injector on opening the valve 17 causes a small reduction of pressure in the pipes leading to this valve, more particularly in pipe 11 and consequently also in pipe 12, and finally also in the container 18.

For this reason the boiler pressure may keep the non-return valve in the feed box 22 closed and the hot Water cannot flow from the container 18 to the boiler. This difficulty is obviated in the following manner: The delivery pressure of the feeding apparatus, whether pump or injector, can always be so arranged that it exceeds the boiler pressure within definite limits. sure energy is converted by a nozzle in the feed box into velocity which produces a fall of pressure around the nozzle and is used for drawing down the hot water from the container. The feed pipe 20 from the hot water container is, therefore, led, according to the invention, to a combination feed valve which also receives feed water from the inj ector and may be constructed, for example, as shown in Fig. 3. Any return of boiler water into the container which may be without pres: sure is prevented by a check valve 51. The

'1 velocity of the water coming from the injector is increased by a nozzle 52-, so that there is a fall of pressure in the annular space 53, which draws up the hot water from the container through the pipe 20. If the control valve 23, F ig. 2, and the supplementary valve 17 are open so long that the container is emptied, the injector then feeds alone with live steam through the pipe 13 to the boiler. This corresponds then to the working conditions denoted by 10.

During the working conditions denoted by 2, with the locomotive regulator closed no feed is required. It is, therefore, only necessary to keep the control valve 23 and the supplementary valve 17 closed. A description of the path of the steam in this case is unnecessary.

For the working condition indicated under 3, in which the locomotive regulator is open 1 and no feed is required, the valves 23 and 17 are also kept closed. Steam, however, flows from the valve chest through the pipe 4 to the pipes 5 and 6.. Since the chamber 37 leading to the exhaust steam injector is not under pressure, the valve is pressed on its lower seat by the piston 31, and the valve 29 on its right hand seat. The chamber 37 is then under pressure which displaces the valve 38 to the right and thereby opens the valve 39. The steam pressure now present in the chamber 37 is transmitted also through the opening, which is now free, of the upper seat of the valve 30 to the chamber 45, whereby the piston 32 is depressed and the exhaust steam valve 33 is opened. The exhaust steam flows through the nozzle 46 and mixes in the adjoining combining nozzle with the water from the tender entering through valve 39, so. that hot water flows past the valve 43 to the pipe 9.

This excess of pres- Since. valve 23 is closed, valve 24 is kept open and there is a free path for the hot Water through the pipe 14 to the container 18 which is not under pressure. The steam from the slide valve chamber flows from pipe 4 through pipe 6 to valve in the junction box 16. This valve 35 is pressed on to its seat and so prevents the steam from the slide valve chamber from flowing further.

The condition indicated under 4 occurs when the locomotive regulator is open and water is. to be delivered into the boiler. For this case, only the control valve 23 is to be opened and the valve 24 closed. The boiler pressure consequently present in chamber 44 has no further action on the valve 26, which rests by its own weight on its lower seating. The valve in this case cannot be raised, because there is the pressure of the slide valve chamber steam in the space above.

Boiler steam flows from the chamber 44 through the upper opening past the valve 26 into the chamber 48 and then into the pipe 8, displaces the valve 41 to its left position and enters by the live steam nozzle 49 into the injector. The other valves in the injector are in the same position as described previously in connection with working conditions 3. The valve 39 and the exhaust steamvalve 33 are open.

The difference merely consists in the live steam jet entering through the nozzle 49 which causes the mixture of steam and water flowing through the nozzles to overcome the boiler pressure. The Water delivered through the valve 43 flows through the pipe 9 to the unction box 16 and finds there, since the valve 23 is open, the path 14 to the container 18 closed by the valve 24, so that the water must flow through the pipe 13 and the feed box 19 to the boiler.

It is also possible in certain cases to utilize the injector as an independent feeding ap,- paratus, more particularly if the container has been emptied and the steam valve closed.

What I claim is 1. In a boiler feed apparatus particularly for locomotives provided with working cylinders and a regulator controlling the supply of steam to the same, a cold water tank and a feeding device cooperating therewith capable of feeding water from said cold water tank into the boiler, means adapted to start and stop said feeding device and controlled by said locomotive regulator in such a manner that the feeding device can deliver only when the regulator is open, a hot water tank to collect Water heated by exhaust steam from the cylinders, a feeding device capable of feeding said hot water from the hot water tank into the boiler, means adapted to start and stop the last named feeding device and controlled by the locomotive regulator in suchnamanner that. starting of this feeding device is possible only when said regulator is closed, and further means comprising-a hand operated valve controlling the steamfiow alon a path to which steam is admitted only when the locomotive regulator is closed, said steam operating the feeding device which feeds water from the cold water tank into the bolls 2. In a boiler feed apparatus particularly for locomotives provided with working cylinders and a regulator controlling the supply of steam to the same, a cold water tank and a feeding device capable of feeding water from said cold water tank into the boiler, means adapted to start and stop said feeding device and controlled by said locomotive reg-- ulator in such a manner that the feeding device can feed only when the regulator is open, a hot Water tank to collect water heated by exhaust steam from the cylinders, a feeding device capable of feeding said hot water from the hot water tank into the boiler, means adapted to start and stop the last named device and controlled by the locomotive regulator in such a manner that starting of this feeding device is possible only when said regulator is closed, and further special means adaptedto operate the feeding device feeding water from said cold water tank to the boiler and comprising a hand operated valve 'controlling the flow of steam along a path to which steam is admitted only simultaneously with the operation of the feeding device capable of feeding water from the said hot water tank to the boiler.

3. In a boiler feed apparatus particularly for locomotives provided with cylinders and a regulator controlling the supply of steam to the same, a cold water tank and a feeding device capable of being operated by a supply of live steam thereto and feeding water from said cold water tank into the boiler, means controlled by said locomotive regulator in such a manner that it admits steam to said feeding device thus operating the same only when the regulator is open, a hot water tank to collect water heated by exhaust steam from the cylinders, a feeding device adapted to feed said hot water from the hot water tank into the boiler, means adapted to start and stop the last named feeding device anc controlled by the locomotive regulator insuch a manner that this feeding device can be started only when said regulator is closed, two separate paths for the live steam to the first named feeding device, one of said paths being controlled by the locomotive regulator so as to be automatically opened when the locomotive regulator is opened, and hand operated means adapted to admit steam into the (I '1, panic rally ter from said cold water container into the boiler and of being operated by a supply of live steam thereto, a hot water container capable of storing water heated by exhaust steam from the cylinders and having its lowermost portion located above the high water level of the boiler, a feeding device to discharge the contents of said hot water tank into the boiler, a central control and change over apparatus controlling the operation of both feeding devices and comprising a master valve to be operated in order to feed the boiler with either device, a further device controlling discharge of the hot Water tank into the boiler and controlled by the locomotive regulator, two live steam paths leading to the first named feeding device, a further means within said central control and change over device controlling one of said live steam paths, and a hand operated valve within said central control and change over device controlling the second path leading to the first named feeding device and capable of setting into communication said second path with a live steam supply controlled by the position of the regulator and being available only when said regulator is closed.

5. In a boiler feed apparatus particularly for locomotives provided with working cylinders and with a regulator controlling the supply of steam thereto, a cold water tank and a feeding device capable of being operated by a supply of live steam admitted thereto and feeding water from said cold water tank into the boiler, a hot water tank capable of being fed by said feeding device and adapted to collect the water fed, a feeding device to discharge the contents of said hot water tank into the boiler comprising a pipe for the admission of boiler pressure into said tank, means for controlling the passage through said pipe and being controlled by the locomotive regulator in such a manner that the passage through said pipe is open only when the locomotive regulator is closed, two live steam paths leading to the first named feeding device, automatic means controlled by the regulator for admitting live steam into one of said paths when the regulator is open, a hand operated device for opening the second live steam path and setting it into communication with a live steam carrying part, said part being simultaneously in connection with the supply of steam of boiler pressure for the hot water container, the supply of steam to said part being controlled by the locomotive regulator, the feeding device for feeding water from the cold water container into the boiler when operated arbitrarily by hand being thus only able to feed water into the boiler simultaneously with the feeding of water from the hot water container.

6. In a boiler feed apparatus particularly for locomotives provided with cylinders and a regulator for controlling the admission of steam to the same, a cold water tank, an injector adapted to be operated by exhaust steam and live steam for feeding water from said cold water tank into the boiler while simultaneously heating the water fed, a hot water tank adapted to collect the water heated by exhaust steam, a feeding device for discharging the contents of said hot water container into the boiler, a central change over device controlling said feeding apparatus, a master valve within said central change over apparatus to be operated whenever feeding from the cold water tank or from the hot water tank into the boiler is to be initiated, a further valve associated with the master valve and controlling the feeding of water heated by exhaust steam to the hot water container, two live steam paths leading to the exhaust steam injector, one of them controlled by a valve with two seats in the central change over device and adapted to prevent any admission of live steam through said path when the locomotive regulator is closed, the other controlled by hand operated valve adapted to free the passage of live steam between said path leading to the injector and another path adapted to carry live steam to the feeding device feeding water from the hot water tank into the boiler, means in said last named path controlled by the regulator in such a manner that this path and the live steam path leading via the manually operated valve to the injector are kept open only when the regulator is closed, said means comprising the valve with two seats controlling the two above named live steam paths to the two feeding devices and alternatively moved against one of its two seats by means of the pressure on the cylinder side of the locomotive regulator.

7. A boiler feed apparatus as claimed in claim 6 with a pipe leading to a point between the locomotive regulator and the cylinder, an exhaust steam valve controlling the admission of exhaust steam to the exhaust steam injector, and a valve operating member adapted to be operated by the pressure within the above named pipe.

8. A boiler feed apparatus as claimed in claim 6 with a pipe leading tosome point between the locomotive regulator and the cylinder and with a valve controlling the admission of auxiliary live steam supplementing the exhaust steam when not available, said valve being operated alternately by the steam pressure in the above named pipe and by the live steam pressure in the live steam path leading to the exhaust steam injector and controlled by the hand operated valve.

9. A boiler feed apparatus as claimed in claim 6 with an exhaust steam injector provided with a live steam nozzle and an exhaust steam nozzle, the latter arranged at the end the pressure of the steam chest, said chamber of exhaust steam chamber, with a pipe leading to some point between the locomotive regulator and the cylinders, with a valvecontrolling the admission of auxiliary live steam supplementing the exhaust steam when not available, controlled alternately by steam of steam chest pressure admitted through the "above named pipe and steam of boiler pressure admitted through one of the two live steam'paths leading to the exhaust steam injector, a chamber within said in ector, and a passage to said chamber controlled by a valve, said valve being operated by steam having being provided with ports opening into the exhaust steam chamber so as to reduce the live steam pressure admitted into the first chamber during the passage to the exhaust steam pressure.

10. A boiler feed apparatus according to" claim 6, wherein the exhaust steaminjector is provided with a live steam nozzle and an exhaust steam 'nozzle,,comprising a chamber for admitting the live steam, a separate chamber communicating with the first mentioned "chamber leading to the live steam nozzle of the exhaust steam injector, a valve-between both chambers to control the communication, said valve also controlling the admission of live steam to the chamber communicating with the live steam nozzle by means of one of the two live steam paths-leading to the exhaust steam injector, and closing the communication with the other chamber, when live steam is directly admitted to the said chamber. f

11. A boiler feed apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the exhaust steaminjector is provided with alive steam nozzle and an exhaust steam nozzle, a chamber for admitting live steam, adapted to communicate with one of the live steam paths leading to the exhaust steam injector and with a steam path leading to the steam chest of the cylinders, a valve capable of controlling alternately theadmission of live steam from one of said paths, a second chamber for admitting live steam and provided with ports capable of discharging said live steam under reduced ressure into the room communication with the exhaust steam nozzle, a valve operated by steam of steam chest pressure controlling the admission of live steam to said second chamber, a further valve controlling the water ad 7 mission of the injector, and member within 1 said first chamber to actuate the same under claim 6, wherein the exhaust steam injector is 5125 provided with a live steam nozzle and an exhaust steam nozzle, the live steam nozzle being fed from achamber and said chamber being supplied with steam either from a second chamber or from the live steam path leading to the exhaust steam injector which is automatically controlled from the regulator, j a valve alternately shutting one of said communications, a second valve controlling the admission of steam to said second chamber and operated by steam flowing from the locomotive regulator to the cylinders, another chamber supplied with steam either from the pipe carrying steam of the pressure prevailing between the locomotive regulator and the I cylinder or from the second steam path leading to the exhaust steam injector, which is controlled by a hand operated valve, a water admission valve and an actuating member for the same arranged within said last named chamber, adapted to operate when pressure is admitted thereto, the live steam nozzle being 1 either operated directly from one of said live steam paths when the regulator is open, thus 6 providing the last named chamber with steam operating the water admission valve while closing the second chamber, or is operated by steam admitted through the other of the two live steam paths entering into the last named chamber and filling the second chamber and thereby also the first named chamber, when the regulator is closed and the hand operated valve is actuated.

13. A boiler feed device according to claim 2, with a common feeding head for the feeding paths from the cold water tank and the hot water tank allowing simultaneous feeding, and with means including a nozzle for drawing in the feed water flowing through one of said paths when its pressure is smaller than the pressure in the other path in'order to ensure discharge of both feeding paths. 14. A boiler feed device according to claim 2, comprising common feeding head for the feeding paths from the cold water tank and the hot water tank allowing simultaneous feeding, means for drawing in the feed water flowing through one of said paths when its pressure is smaller than the pressure in the other path, said means including a nozzle in the path leading from the cold water tank I and a non-return valve in the feeding path leading to the hot water tank.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature.

HANS DEUTSCH.

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