US1990249A - Silencer for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

H. PIERON SILENCER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Feb. 5, 1935'.

Filed Sept. 17, 1930 'IIIIIIIIIM IIIIIIIIIIIIII INVENTOR bz/co PM a a ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 5, 1935 UNITED STATES SILENCER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Hugo Pieron, Biemenhorst, near Bocholt,

Germany Application September 1'], 1930, Serial No. 482,477

In Germany September 23, 1929 This invention relates to a silencer for internal combustion engines having a spring-controlled automatically regulating exhaust. The main object of this invention is to eliminate as much as 5 possible thetroublesome noises which are produced by the exhaust gases during their escape, while another object of the invention is the provision of means resulting in the lowest possible resistance being ofiered to the exhaust gases, said resistance being almost constant at all working speeds of the engine and at different admission ratios.

The known silencers of this kind have not been satisfactory. They have, amongst others, the disadvantages of a complicated and inaccessible structure, and of strong shocks during work owing to their being too muchsubjected to the full force of the exhaust which prevents the achievement of the intended results. Experience has shown, that it is impossible to avoid these shocks by making the movable parts of the device particu-' larly large and heavy, because the inertia of these parts has no fixed relation to the constantly changing cycle of the exhaust.

One of the fundamental faults in these known devices may be seen in the employment of a plate or mushroom valve as a closing member; since the pressure of the exhaust gases acts directly upon this valve and thereby places it under the full influence of the fluctuations of the individual exhaust forces. This undesired condition in the old devices can not be eliminated, as the whole quantity of the gas must necessarily pass the valve in order to be able to escape into the atmosphere. The said plate valves have also the disadvantage of seizing very. easily on account of distortions in the parts of the silencer under the excessive heat to which these parts are often subjected.

All these faults anddisadvantages are removed by this invention in a most convenient and highly satisfactory manner, and in order to achieve this purpose, the invention provides closing means upon which the exhaust gases act and are retarded with approximately constant pressure, after having previously been decelerated by suitable means.

For this purpose and according to the invention the closing device is locked toward the exhaust vessel and the gases are led so as to have no influence on the regulation, which is solely efiected by especially guided and suitably retarded currents of gas. In order to entirely remove the discharge devicefrom the direct action of the pushing-out gases, it is preferably made in the shape of a slide valve or the like, having its discharge openings arranged at right angles to its longitudinal axis. The employment of a slide valve has the additional advantage that no distortion of the movable parts can take place, and 5 that the frictional resistance per unit surface of the said movable parts is so small on account of the large bearing surfaces as to render lubrication completely superfluous.

The invention will appear more clearly from 10 the following detailed description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing showing a preferred embodiment of the inventive idea.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 shows a silencer in vertical section.

Figure 2 shows a tubular socket member, illustrated in Figure l, on a larger scale.

In the drawing a is a chamber for collecting exhaust gases discharged by the cylinders of an 20 engine. The walls of the chamber a form a tubular socket member b which is provided with a closed bottom situated in the path of the gases penetrating into the chamber a. A tube 0 which is also closed at the end adjacent the bottom of 25 the member b is inserted within said member and is provided with a flange g forming an integral portion of said tube. The socket member b is provided with an opening (1 while the tube 0 has a similar opening d, so that the exhaust gases 30 which are situated within the chamber a can pass into the interior of the tube b and are discharged from there into the atmosphere as soon .as the openings d and d are in registry with each other. A spring 6 is situated between the flange 35 a and a plate h which surrounds the tube 0 and is held by a bolt'i fixed to a wall of the chamber a. The spring e presses against the plate h and the flange g and tends to push the tube .0 downward, thus keeping the two openings d and d apart from each other.

The action of the spring e is counterbalanced to a certain extent by the pressure of the exhaust gases which can penetrate into a chamber 7' formed between the bottom of the tube 0 and the bottom of the socket member b, said gases passing into the chamber a, through a narrow clearance between the side walls of the tube c and the socket member b, which is shown in Figure 2 of the drawing. The exhaust gases press the tube c up- 50 ward against the action of the spring e and tend to bring the opening d in registration with the opening d, thus providing a discharge outlet for the gases situated in the chamber a. Obviously the actual eilective size of the discharge outlet formed by the openings d and d depends on the amount of pressure exerted by the exhaust gases situated in the chamber 7'.

The plate h may be removed from the device by pressing it downward against the action of the spring e and by turning it slightly. After that the spring e and the tube can also be easily removed. The socket member 17 carries a pin is which passes through an opening formed in the bottom of the tube 0 and which is used to prevent the tube 0 .from being rotated with respect to.the socket member b.

The gases entering the chamber a reach the opening d of the socket member 22, as Well as smaller openings f formed in the same member and pass between the side walls of the members b and 0 into the chamber 7 (Fig. 2); the gases in the chamber 7 press the tube 0 upward against the action of the spring e and causethe openings (1 and d to overlap. Then 'an outlet is formed and the gases situated in the chamber a pass through the openings d and d into the interior of the tube 0 and are allowed to escape into the open. i

What I claim is:-

1. In a silencer for internal combustion engines and the like, an exhaust collecting chamber, a tubular member projecting into said chamber at one end thereof, a closed bottom at the inner end of said tubular member and a perforation formed ,in the wall thereof, another tubular member adapted toslide in said first tubular member, a closed bottom and a perforation formed also in the wall of the second-named tubular member and adapted to register with the first-mentioned perforation, a comparatively small clearance formed between the Walls of both the said members and a clearance formed between the bottoms thereof, and a spring pressing against said slidable tubular member, said slidable member being adapted to slide up and down within the first tubular member under and in conformity with the pressing action of a part of the exhaust gas entering the clearance between the bottoms of the two tubular members. Y

2. Ina silencer for internal combustion engines and the like, means forming an exhaust collect- 1. ing, chamber, a tubular socket closed at its bottom and situated within said chamber at one end thereof, a tubular member also closed at its bottom slidable in said socket and having a part extending to the outside thereof, exhaust parts formed in each of said tubular members adapted to register with each other, a plate serving as a guide for the slidable tubular member, means to removably attach said plate to the first-mentioned means at a distance therefrom, and a spring between said plate and said slidable tubular member.

3. In a silencer for internal combustion engines and the like, an exhaust collecting chamber, a tubular member closed at its bottom inserted therein, another tubular member also closed at its bottom and slidable therein, exhaust ports formed in said tubular members and adapted to register with each other, and resilient means pressing against the second-mentioned tubular member to maintain said ports out of registry with each other, a clearance being formed between the walls of-said tubular members to admit a part of the exhaust gas underneath the second-mentioned tubular member, whereby the pressure of said part of the exhaust gas acting against the bottom of the second-mentioned tubular member moves the second-mentioned tubular member against the resistance of said resilient means to cause said ports to register and permit discharge of exhaust gases therethrough.

'4. In a silencer for internal combustion engines and the like, means forming a collecting chamber for exhaust gases and comprising a member provided with a port; another member slidable with respect to the first-mentioned member and having a port adapted to register with the first-mentioned port to provide an exit for the exhaust gases, said members being spaced apart to form a narrow passage for the exhaust gases, said exhaust gases pressing against the second-mentioned member and moving it with respect to the first-mentioned member to bring said ports into registry, and resilient means pressing against the second-mentioned member in a direction opposite to that of the pressure exerted thereon by said exhaust gases.

HUGO PIERON.

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