US1980760A - Shingle - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 13, 1934.

T. M. MAYFIELD SHINGLIE Filed May 9. 1952 Patented Nov. 13, 1934 1* SHENGLE Thomas M. Mayfield, El laso, Tex. Application may 9, 1932, serial No. 610,255

1 Claim.

This invention relates generally to roof coverings, and more particularly to a method of applying separate units in the form of flexible shin- 4 gles to sloping roofs.

The main object of the invention is to provide a shingle of somewhat flexible material adapted to be applied to a sloping roof in such manner as to avoid the formation of pockets likely to hold water and cause leakage.

Another object of the invention resides in a novel method of applying these shingles, whereby they may be nailed quite close to their lower edges and present greatly increased resistance to heavy Winds.

Other objects of the invention will become apparent as the detailed description thereof proceeds.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating the novel method of applying octagonal shingles to a sloping roof;

Figure 2 is a similar perspective View, illustrating the method as applied to rectangular shingles; and

Figure 3 is another fragmentary perspective view showing a variation of the method illustrated in Figure 2.

The shingles used in this method are conventional as to visible size, shape and material; but the material must be sufficiently flexible to be folded on itself without breaking. The shingles must be wider actually than they appear to be as applied to a roof. This extra width is used to form a flap adapted to receive the nails and to be concealed by the body of the shingle when the roof is completely covered.

In designing the shingles for use in practicing this invention, each shingle has either the right or left hand edge folded or turned back to form a nail receiving flap; and the shingles are applied to the roof so that the crease formed by this flap lies substantially perpendicular to the ridge of the roof. This arrangement eliminates all possibility of forming water traps such as would result from arranging these folded type shingles with their creases parallel to the ridge.

Referring now to the roof covering illustrated in Figure 1, it will be apparent that the shingles used are of the conventional octagon shape, when considered apart from their nailing flaps. As usual in this art, these shingles usually are laid with two of their longer edges making equal angles with the ridge.

In practicing the present invention with this 1 form of shingle, each shingle of somewhat stiff gle are preferably equal in length to the edges Q 2 and 3'. The edge 4 is formed by folding a part of the material of the shingle on itself to form the nailing flap 6 which may be of any suitable or desired width. The opposite pairs of shorter edges 7 and 8, 9 and 10, are equal to each other in length, which, in any case, is merely a matter of design.

In the laying of these octagonal shingles, the lower short edges 10 are positioned on the roof against the usual straight edges with the inner face exposed and the flap 6 in position for nailing. The flap is then nailed near its lower end and the body of the shingle is folded over to conceal the nail. The succeeding shingles of each row are similarly positioned and nailed in the manner commonly used in this art.

It will be apparent from inspection of Figure 1, that the nail of each shingle not only secures the lower end of the shingle to the roof, but also secures the middle part of the preceding shingles thereto. For example, the nail 11 of the shingle 12 fixes the lower end of this shingle to the roof sheathing and the nail 13 of shingle 14 fastens the center of shingle 12 at the same time as it fastens the lower end of shingle 14. The same nail 13 also serves to fasten the top of the shingle 15 to the sheathing. It is evident then that each' nail, except in the first row, is concealed and passes through three layers of shingles to secure the same in position.

In the type of shingle illustrated in Figure 1, it is obvious that since each shingle is nailed close to its lower edge, it will offer great resistance to heavy winds. The creases formed by the nailing flaps slope downwardly and serve to conduct away any water which might be forced under the shingles. This construction presents quite an advantage over the usual construction in which the shingles are laid with their lower parts practically unsecured to the roof, or in which nailing flaps are arranged horizontal or parallel to the ridge of the roof.

In the forms of the invention illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, the shingles 16 are substantially rectangular; and have nailing flaps 1'7 formed at one side by folding back a part of the sheet of shingle material. In this case the shingles are laid in overlapping rows, with the folded edges substantially perpendicular to the ridge. In the form of the invention shown in Figure 2,

each shingle in the rows above the bottom row is secured to the roof without the nails passing through the shingles in the next lower row. In Figure 3, the shingles of each row above the bottom row are secured by nails passing through the shingles in the next lower row. Where cost is a consideration, the form illustrated in Figure 2 may be used, since a smaller number of shingles would be required to cover a given area, than would be required with the method illustrated in Figure 3.

The method disclosed herein is also applicable for shingling vertical surfaces as well as sloping roofs; The essence of the invention resides in the arrangement of the shingles so that their nailing flaps are never horizontal; Whether their flap edges are inclined to the ridge as shown in Figure 1, or perpendicular thereto, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, is immaterial, so long as the flaps are arranged to permit the flow of water by gravity.

What I claim is:

A structure having a surface inclined to the horizontal and adapted to receive roof covering material, a covering secured to said surface and including rows of overlapping flexible shingles, each shingle having a nailing flap bent under the body thereof and having the crease formed by said flap extending at an acute angle to the horizontal, each flap being completely covered by the body of the shingle and nailed to said surface closely adjacent to the bottom edge of the shingle and through the central part of the shingle immediately below it and the top part of the shingle below it and in direct contact with the said surface.

THOMAS M. MAYFIELD.

Images