US1978785A - Treatment of textile and other materials - Google Patents
Treatment of textile and other materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1978785A US1978785A US60322032A US1978785A US 1978785 A US1978785 A US 1978785A US 60322032 A US60322032 A US 60322032A US 1978785 A US1978785 A US 1978785A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cellulose
- filaments
- yarns
- sizing
- threads
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 20
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title description 17
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 22
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 20
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 8
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920013683 Celanese Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006681 Combes synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004181 carboxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCl FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940106681 chloroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006266 etherification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl hydrogen carbonate Chemical group COC(O)=O CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008149 soap solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/05—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/07—Cellulose esters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/05—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/09—Cellulose ethers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
- Y10T428/2965—Cellulosic
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
- Y10T428/31975—Of cellulosic next to another carbohydrate
- Y10T428/31978—Cellulosic next to another cellulosic
- Y10T428/31986—Regenerated or modified
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2402—Coating or impregnation specified as a size
Definitions
- This invention relates to the sizing or like treatment of filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials.
- the sizing or like treatment of filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics or other textile or like materials is accomplished by a process comprising the application of water-soluble cellulose ethers containing ether radicles having substituent groups imparting water-solubility.
- substituents particular mention may be made of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups.
- Cellulose ethers capable of solution in water may be obtained by direct etherification of cellulose under suitable conditions.
- cellulose may be etherified so as to contain residues of glycols or other polyhydric alcohols, for example in the manner described in U. S. Patent No. 1,502,379 and U. S. application S. No. 162,214 filed January 19th, 1927, or cellulose may be etherified I with carboxy-alkyl groups, for example alkali cellulose may be treated with chloroacetic acid so as to produce cellulose derivatives containing 1 to 2 or more carboxymethylether groups per CsHioOs molecule. It will be appreciated that the cellulose ether molecules should contain a sufiicient proportion of hydroxyl or carboxyl groups or other suitable groups to impart watersolubility thereto.
- cellulose ethers which owe water-solubility not only to the presence of suitable groups but also to the cellulose content being more or less degraded.
- a cellulose ether containing free carboxyl or hydroxyl groups may be degraded or ripened to the desired degree of solubility, or a degraded cellulose, obtained for instance by degrading cellulose with alkalis or acids, may. be etherified by means of radicles containing carboxylic or hydroxy groups.
- Solutions of the cellulose ethers may be employed for the sizing of yarns, filaments, threads, fabrics or other textile materials in any convenient manner.
- the yarns or the like may be treated in hank form with the solutions, or they may be passedcontinuously through the solutions and subsequently subjected to a drying operation.
- One application of the new process is to the sizing of artificial filaments, yarns or the like continuously with their production.
- a solution of cellulose acetate in acetone may be spun into an evaporative atmosphere and the sizing solution applied continuously to the filaments as they leave the spinning apparatus and prior to their being wound or twisted and wound (see U. S. Patent No. 1,506,052).
- the new process of sizing may be applied to textile materials made of any desired filaments or fibres whether natural or artificial.
- the in vention is however of particular value in the sizing of yarns or threads of artificial filaments for example filaments of regenerated cellulose, as produced for instance by the viscose or cuprammonium process, or filaments of organic derivatives of cellulose, e. g. cellulose acetate, formate or other ester of cellulose or methyl, ethyl or benzyl cellulose or other ether of cellulose.
- the sizes applied to textile materials in accordance with the invention may, if desired, readily be removed on account of their solubility in water. For example removal may be efiected by securing, e. g. in an aqueous soap solution. In some cases, removal may be assisted by alkalis. Very small concentrations of alkali may have a beneficial action in the removal of the size, a great advantage in the treatment of materials made of or containing cellulose esters or other materials liable to damage by strongly alkaline solutions.
- Process of sizing filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials containing an organic derivative of cellulose which comprises applying thereto water-soluble ethers of cellulose containing ether radicles having as substituents at least one radicle selected from the group consisting-of carboxyl and hydroxyl radicles.
- Process of sizing filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials containing a carboxylic ester of cellulose which comprises applying thereto water-soluble ethers of cellulose containing ether radicles having carboxyl groups as substituents.
- Process of sizing filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials containing cellulose acetate which comprises applying thereto water-soluble cellulose ethers containing ether radicles having hydroxyl groups as substituents.
- Process of sizing filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials containing cellulose acetate which comprises applying thereto water-soluble ethers of cellulose containing ether radicles having carboxyl groups as substituents.
- Process of sizing filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials containing cellulose acetate which comprises applying thereto water-soluble ethers of cellulose containing carboxy methyl groups.
- Filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials containing an organic derivative of cellulose, sized with water-soluble cellulose ethers containing ether radicles having as substituents at least one radicle selected from the group consisting of carboxyl and hydroxyl radicles.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
Patented Oct. 30, 1934 PATENT OFFICE TREATDIENT F TEXTILE AND OTHER MATERIALS Henry Dreyfus, London, and William Alexander Dickie of Delaware and Percy Frederick Combe Sowter, Spon'don, near Derby, Celanese Corporation of England, assignors to America, a corporation No Drawing. Original application August 15, 1930, Serial No. 475,630. Divided and this application April 4, 1932, Serial N 0. 603,220. In
Great Britain August 27, 1929 8 Claims.
This invention relates to the sizing or like treatment of filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials.
In U. S. application S. No. 475,630 filed th 0 August, 1930, of which this is a divisional application, there is described a process for sizing textile materials with carboxylic esters of cellulose containing ester radicles having as substituents groupings imparting solubility in aqueous liquids to the cellulose esters.
According to the present invention the sizing or like treatment of filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics or other textile or like materials is accomplished by a process comprising the application of water-soluble cellulose ethers containing ether radicles having substituent groups imparting water-solubility. As examples of such substituents particular mention may be made of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. It has been found that textile materials sized in this manner, for example warp threads, resist very well such mechanical treatment as is experienced, for instance, in weaving, and that the size can readily be removed by a mild scouringprocess and does not interfere with the subsequent dyeing of the materials.
Cellulose ethers capable of solution in water may be obtained by direct etherification of cellulose under suitable conditions. For instance cellulose may be etherified so as to contain residues of glycols or other polyhydric alcohols, for example in the manner described in U. S. Patent No. 1,502,379 and U. S. application S. No. 162,214 filed January 19th, 1927, or cellulose may be etherified I with carboxy-alkyl groups, for example alkali cellulose may be treated with chloroacetic acid so as to produce cellulose derivatives containing 1 to 2 or more carboxymethylether groups per CsHioOs molecule. It will be appreciated that the cellulose ether molecules should contain a sufiicient proportion of hydroxyl or carboxyl groups or other suitable groups to impart watersolubility thereto.
Again if desired there may be employed cellulose ethers which owe water-solubility not only to the presence of suitable groups but also to the cellulose content being more or less degraded. Thus a cellulose ether containing free carboxyl or hydroxyl groups may be degraded or ripened to the desired degree of solubility, or a degraded cellulose, obtained for instance by degrading cellulose with alkalis or acids, may. be etherified by means of radicles containing carboxylic or hydroxy groups.
In general it is found that the most satisfactory results'are obtained by sizing with aqueous solutions of the cellulose ethers which yield films on evaporating the aqueous media.
Solutions of the cellulose ethers may be employed for the sizing of yarns, filaments, threads, fabrics or other textile materials in any convenient manner. For example, the yarns or the like may be treated in hank form with the solutions, or they may be passedcontinuously through the solutions and subsequently subjected to a drying operation. One application of the new process is to the sizing of artificial filaments, yarns or the like continuously with their production. For example a solution of cellulose acetate in acetone may be spun into an evaporative atmosphere and the sizing solution applied continuously to the filaments as they leave the spinning apparatus and prior to their being wound or twisted and wound (see U. S. Patent No. 1,506,052).
The new process of sizing may be applied to textile materials made of any desired filaments or fibres whether natural or artificial. The in vention is however of particular value in the sizing of yarns or threads of artificial filaments for example filaments of regenerated cellulose, as produced for instance by the viscose or cuprammonium process, or filaments of organic derivatives of cellulose, e. g. cellulose acetate, formate or other ester of cellulose or methyl, ethyl or benzyl cellulose or other ether of cellulose.
As mentioned previously the sizes applied to textile materials in accordance with the invention, may, if desired, readily be removed on account of their solubility in water. For example removal may be efiected by securing, e. g. in an aqueous soap solution. In some cases, removal may be assisted by alkalis. Very small concentrations of alkali may have a beneficial action in the removal of the size, a great advantage in the treatment of materials made of or containing cellulose esters or other materials liable to damage by strongly alkaline solutions.
What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. Process of sizing filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials containing an organic derivative of cellulose, which comprises applying thereto water-soluble ethers of cellulose containing ether radicles having as substituents at least one radicle selected from the group consisting-of carboxyl and hydroxyl radicles.
2. Process of sizing filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials containing a carboxylic ester of cellulose, which comprises applying thereto water-soluble ethers of cellulose containing ether radicles having carboxyl groups as substituents.
3. Process of sizing filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials containing cellulose acetate,,which comprises applying thereto water-soluble cellulose ethers containing ether radicles having hydroxyl groups as substituents.
4. Process of sizing filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials containing cellulose acetate, which comprises applying thereto water-soluble ethers of cellulose containing ether radicles having carboxyl groups as substituents.
5. Process of sizing filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials containing cellulose acetate, which comprises applying thereto water-soluble ethers of cellulose containing carboxy methyl groups.
6. Filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials containing an organic derivative of cellulose, sized with water-soluble cellulose ethers containing ether radicles having as substituents at least one radicle selected from the group consisting of carboxyl and hydroxyl radicles.
'7. Filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials containing cellulose acetate, sized with water-soluble cellulose ethers containing ether radicles having carboxyl groups as substituents.
8. Filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics and other textile materials containing cellulose acetate, sized with water-soluble cellulose ethers containing carboxy methyl groups.
HENRY DREYFUS. WILLIAM ALEXANDER DICKIE. PERCY FREDERICK COMBE SOWTER.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB2606929A GB344775A (en) | 1929-08-27 | 1929-08-27 | Improvements in or relating to the treatment of textile materials |
| US47563030 US1950664A (en) | 1929-08-27 | 1930-08-15 | Treatment of textile and other material |
| FR700711D FR700711A (en) | 1929-08-27 | 1930-08-18 | Improvements in the treatment of textiles and other materials |
| US60322032 US1978785A (en) | 1929-08-27 | 1932-04-04 | Treatment of textile and other materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB574831A GB344528A (en) | 1929-08-27 | 1929-08-27 | Improvements in or relating to the treatment of textile materials |
| US47563030 US1950664A (en) | 1929-08-27 | 1930-08-15 | Treatment of textile and other material |
| US60322032 US1978785A (en) | 1929-08-27 | 1932-04-04 | Treatment of textile and other materials |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1978785A true US1978785A (en) | 1934-10-30 |
Family
ID=27254699
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US60322032 Expired - Lifetime US1978785A (en) | 1929-08-27 | 1932-04-04 | Treatment of textile and other materials |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1978785A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR700711A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB344775A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2607714A (en) * | 1946-11-01 | 1952-08-19 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Mats of glass fibers interbonded with readily removable binder |
| US2620283A (en) * | 1947-09-23 | 1952-12-02 | Celanese Corp | Process for the production of fibrous filter media |
-
1929
- 1929-08-27 GB GB2606929A patent/GB344775A/en not_active Expired
-
1930
- 1930-08-18 FR FR700711D patent/FR700711A/en not_active Expired
-
1932
- 1932-04-04 US US60322032 patent/US1978785A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2607714A (en) * | 1946-11-01 | 1952-08-19 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Mats of glass fibers interbonded with readily removable binder |
| US2620283A (en) * | 1947-09-23 | 1952-12-02 | Celanese Corp | Process for the production of fibrous filter media |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB344775A (en) | 1931-02-27 |
| FR700711A (en) | 1931-03-06 |
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