US1964991A - Locomotive cylinder and smoke box saddle - Google Patents

Description

.flufiy 3 1934. K. s. HOWARD 1,954,991.

LOCOMOTIVE CYLINDER AND SMOKE BOX SADDLE Filed June 26, 1931-; 6 Sheets-Sheet l Jully 3, 1934. K. s. HOWARD LOCOMOTIVE CYLINDER AND SMOKE BOX SADDLE Filed June 26, 1951 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 July 3, 1934. K. s. HOWARD LOCOMOTIVE CYLINDER AND SMOKE BOX SADDLE Filed June 26, 1951 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 y 9 E934. K. s. HOWARD LOCOMOTIVE CYLINDER AND SMOKE BOX SADDLE Filed June 26, 1931 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 July 3, 1934. KxS. HOWARD LOCOMOTIVE CYLINDER AND SMOKE BOX SADDLE Filed June 26, 1931- 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 7 Awe/Way INDER AND SMOKE BOX SADDLE Filed June 26, 1931 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 16M Jf/ormkd Patented July 3, 1934 1,964,9Q1

UNETED STATES PATENT OFFICE LOCQMOTEVE CYLINDER AND SMOKE BOX SADDLE Karl S. Howard, St. Louis, Mo., assignor to General Steel Castings Corporation, Granite City, 11., a corporation of Delaware Application June 26, 1931, Serial No. 547,136 45 Claims. (01. 105l4) The invention relates to railway rolling stock more nearly equal than in the earlier structures and particularly to steam locomotives and conwhere the cylinder ends had no movement. sists in a novel cylinder and saddle and adjacent The present structure also eliminates the tendframin structure and, in the preferred form, ency to distort the cylinder and throw it out of embodies a structure in which the main frames, round which is present in the usual structure 60 saddle, cylinders, exhaust passageways and smoke where the cylinder wall is held rigid throughout box support are integral with each other. its length on one side by the relatively cold bed The invention is directed to eliminating strains or frame but is free to expand on the other side. in the bed and cylinder saddle structure which The valve chambers are carried by the cylinresult from the heating of the main steam cylinder and are free to move therewith. The ex- 65 der, steam valve chamber and exhaust steam haust steam passageways extend through the side passageways. The frame and portions of the walls of the smoke box saddle without being sesaddle are exposed to the atmosphere and therecured thereto and are disconnected at their inner fore subjected to temperatures ranging down to ends and shaped so as to expand without affector below zero whereas the steam receiving ing the spacing between the opposite cylinders members mentioned above are subjected to temand valve chambers. peratures ranging up to 600 and 800 above zero This structure attains the general objects indiat the present time and the modern tendency is cated above as well as other more detailed objects to increase steam temperatures in locomotive which will appear from the following specifica- 20 operation. tion and examination of the accompanying draw- In the usual construction now in use, the cylings in which inders are tied to the frame at both ends and Figure l isa top view of the cylinder, saddle and the longitudinal expansion. of the cylinders causes adjacent frame portion of a locomotive, a part strains both in the frame and the cylinders. The of the figure being a horizontal section taken on 25 exhaust steam passageways from the valve chainthe line l1 of Figure 2. hers to the exhaust nozzle usually form a sub- FigureZis a vertical transverse section taken on stantially continuous member between the valve the line 22 of Figure 1. chambers on opposite sides of the locomotive. Figure 3 is a side elevation of the structure This member is rigid with the saddle and other shown in Figures 1 and 2.

30 framing members and in many modern locomo- Figures 4 and 7 are vertical transverse sections tives all of the parts mentioned are cast in one taken on the lines 44 and 7-7 of Figure 2. piece. The expansion from the presence of hot Figure 5 is a horizontal section taken on the line steam amounts to about three-sixteenths 5-5 of Figure 3. O a h n the app a ely eight foot dis- Figure 6 is a vertical transverse section taken 35 tance between the centers of the opposite cylinon the line 6-6 of Figure 1. ders which sets up transverse strains in addition Figure 8 is a horizontal section through a part to th longitudinal strains mentioned. All of of a modified structure and is taken on the line these strains are of such magnitude that the 8-8 of Figure 9. framing and Saddle Structure is f equently seri- Figure 9 is a vertical transverse section through 40 ously injured. Furthermore, the lateral expan: the same structure taken approximately on the sion tends to throw the valve out of alignment line 99 of Figure 8. with its operating mechanism and to throw the Figure 10 is a top view and horizontal section pistons out of alinement with the cross heads. through another modified structure and is taken The preferred form of the present invention on the line 10 10 of Figure 11. I 45 provides a transverse beam of suincient strength Figure 11 is a vertical transverse section taken to carry the cylinders at its ends and to withon the line 1111 of Figure 10. stand the piston thrust. The cylinders are at- Figure 12 is a side elevation of the structure tached to this beam at their rear ends only and shown in Figures 10 and 11. g are free to expand forwardly independently of the Figure 13 is a longitudinal vertical section taken 50 frame. on the line 13-13 of Figure 11. When the piston rod is heated by the steam, Figure 14 is a horizontal section taken on the it also tends to elongate and this elongation will line l414 of Figure 12. be in the same direction as the expansion of the Figure 15 is in part a top view and in part a cylinder and, consequently, the piston clearance horizontal section illustrating a modified form of 5 at each end of the cylinder will be maintained the invention. 11

Figures 16 and 17 are vertical sections taken on the corresponding section lines of Figure 15.

Figure 18 is a top view and horizontal section illustrating another form of the invention.

Figure 19 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on the line 19-19 of Figure 18.

Many features of the invention may be em bodied in a built-up structure in which the cylinders, valve chambers, boiler supporting saddle and side frames are formed separately from each other and bolted, riveted or welded together, but the preferred structure is embodied in a one-piece casting forming the locomotive bed and cylinders, steam passageways, valve chambers and smoke box support. Such a bed is illustrated in the drawings with a box-like main frame 1, the top and bottom walls of which are extended laterally, as indicated at 2 and 3, respectively, to form a beam extending across the locomotive and beyond the side walls of the main frame member. A vertical web 4 extends between the side walls of member 1 and is provided with extensions 5 which form at least a part of the rear heads of the main steam cylinder 6. A diagonal web '7 extends between horizon tal webs 2 and 3 and forms a brace for the outer ends of the transverse beam.

The cylinders 6 extends forwardly from the beam and are spaced from the sides of member 1 and have no rigid connections with the latter forward of the transverse beam, although, if desired, a flexible plate P may be riveted to suitable flanges 8 and 9 on the main frame and cylinder to afford support for the forward end of the latter without unduly resisting relative longitudinal movement between the cylinder and the frame.

The rear head of the cylinder may be entirely integral therewith, as indicated on the left hand side of Figure 5, or the major portion of the cylinder head may be detachable from the body of the cylinder, as indicated at the right hand side of Figure 5. Suitable openings 10 are provided in web 7 for passage therethrough of the cross head guides 11 and of the piston rods, the guides being mounted on pads 30 on plates 2 and 3.

The side walls of the main frame member are extended upwardly, as indicated at 13, and similar upward extensions of transverse webs 4 and 14 form the rear and front walls 15 and 16 of the boiler supporting saddle.

The steam valve chambers 17 are integral with cylinders 6 and are provided with integral exhaust steam passageways 18 extending inwardly and upwardly through suitable openings 19 in the saddle side walls 13. The exhaust steam passageways for each valve chamber merge with each other in the usual manner in a common outlet 20 which terminates in a spherical element 21 adapted to seat a spherical terminal 22 formed on the lower end of an inverted V-shaped exhaust pipe 23 and carries a nozzle N. A spherical bolting member s 24 serves to hold the nozzle to the end of the exhaust steam passageway but the spherical joint formed by elements 21, 22 and 24 permits relative movement of the same as may be induced by expansion and contraction of the parts.

A plate 25 is seated in a suitable recess in the smoke box saddle and forms a part of the cover for the smoke box, the cover being completed by the inverted cup-like plate 26 having a corrugation 27 for facilitating expansion of its different sections.

The saddle preferably includes an integral center plate member 28 and suitable longitudinal reinforcing webs 29 extend through the saddle and for a substantial distance on each side thereof to assist the frame in carrying the load supported on the front truck.

The facility with which lagging may be applied to the cylinders 6 is Well illustrated at L in Figure 5 and is shown as provided with the usual jacket J which secures the lagging in position. It will be noted that the lagging extends over the inner portion of the cylinder adjacent to the bed and forms an insulation between the cylinder and the frame so that the temperature of neither affects the other.

Attention is directed also to the bushings B, lining cylinders 6, which are directly exposed to the temperature of the steam and which hitherto have had a tendency to expand relative to the cylinders which have been held against expansion by their connections to the main frame. In the structure illustrated, the bushings and cylinder walls can expand together and. another destructive tendency of the older structures is relieved or eliminated.

Figures 8 and 9 illustrate a modified form of support for the front end of the cylinder 31. A bracket 32 is secured to the main frame 33 and has a T slot receiving a sliding block 34 welded on the cylinder at W. This device functions similarly to the flexible plate '7 of the preferred structure and it will be understood that neither of these front end supports for the cylinder is essential and both may be eliminated if desired.

Figures 10 to 14 illustrate a modified structure in which the transverse beam extending across the locomotive bed at the rear of the cylinders is eliminated and the cylinders 35 and 36 are carried by vertical transverse webs 3'7 and 38 projecting from the side walls 39 of the body of the frame. Diagonal reinforcing members 40 cooperate with the cylinders and webs 3'7 and 38 to resist the longitudinal forces arising from the piston thrust.

The exhaust steam passageways 41 extend inwardly from the valve chambers 42 through the side walls 43 of the smoke box support and upwardly into the smoke box similarly to the disposition of these shown in Figure 2. The smoke box cover plate 44, however, is supported directly on the outer walls of the exhaust steam passageways and the plate may be corrugated, as indicated at 45. to accommodate relative movement of the exhaust steam passageway and the adjacent saddle wall. An intermediate cover plate 46 may be provided to span the space between the exhaust steam passageways. Preferably plates 44 and 46 are welded to each other and to the saddle walls and to the exhaust steam passageways as indicated at W.

In the modification illustrated in Figures 15, 16 and 17, the rear exhaust steam passageways 50 merge with the rear wall 51 and side walls 52 of the smoke box support at a point adjacent to the rear part of the support and the transverse beam which mounts the cylinders and supply chambers. Front passageways 53 extend through suitable openings 54 provided therefor in the side walls 52. Passageways 50 and 53 for each supply chamber merge with each other at 55 and form an outlet portion spaced from the corresponding portion of the passageways from the opposite supply chamber.

With this structure, the rear passageways are formed integral with the saddle, beam, supply chamber and cylinder and contribute to the support of the latter from the locomotive underframe main member. At the same time, the

passageways in the structure l tudinal cylinder and supply chamber may expand longitudinally of the locomotive without restraint by the forward passageways.

In the modification shown in Figures 18 and 19, the left-hand passageways and 61 both extend through openings 62 and 63 provided therefor in the side wall 64 of the smoke box support and then merge with each other at 65 to form an outlet portion terminating in an upwardly extending pipe 66 located on the longitudinal center line of the locomotive structure.

Similarly, right- hand passageways 67 and 68 extend through the side wall of the smoke box and merge at 69 in a common outlet portion terminating in an upright pipe 70 located on the center line of the locomotive in front of pipe 66. Pipes 66 and '70 have no direct connection with each other but a plate 71 is fitted over the tops of the pipes and maintains the distance between their axes while permitting these axes to move transversely of the locomotive by swinging around a center intermediate the axes. This construction permits the passageways to expand transversely of the locomotive without varying the distance between the lower branches 72 of the exhaust nozzle member 73 which may ro tate on its axis to accommodate the movement of pipes 66 and '70.

The structures described above eliminate the difiiculties referred to in the introductory part of this specification and also tend to relieve many strains which may be set up in the casting of a large bed of this type. The described structure will eliminate the necessity of providing slip joints for the cross head guides to prevent the guide head brackets from being pushed out of place by cylinder expansion. The spacing of the body of the cylinder from the frame wall makes possible the application of lagging around the entire periphery of the cylinder. This is an advantage over the usual form of construction in which the cylinder is attached to the frame along the entire length and only a portion of the periphery can be lagged. In this manner the temperature of the cylinder walls is kept more uniform and consequently distortion of the cylinder barrel due to unequal heating is prevented.

The accompanying drawings illustrate castings each of which forms a saddle extending from j side to side of the locomotive and includes the opposite main steam cylinders in an integral structure. It is a common practice to form cylinder and smoke box saddles in two halves adapted to be bolted together either along the longicenter line of the locomotive or to one side thereof. The present invention may be embodied in such constructions and when utilized will tend to eliminate the stresses on the attaching bolts, and thereby avoid the necessity of frequent inspection and tightening of the same and at the same time avoid the undesirable stresses previously referred to.

While the invention has been described as ap plied to the usual main steam cylinders and exhaust steam passageways of steam locomotives, it

is to be understood that the invention may be embodied in locomotives utilizing motive fluid other than steam.

Obviously, various other modifications as to details and different combinations of the particular features may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and I contemplate the exclusive use of all such variations and combinations as come within the scope of my claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A locomotive integral structure comprising a cylinder, a valve chamber connected with said cylinder, a boiler-supporting box-like saddle, including an upstanding wall, and a top wall each provided with an opening, and an exhaust steam passageway connected with said valve chamber and extending through said openings free of rigid connection to said wall and adapted to expand without straining said structure.

2. A locomotive integral structure comprising a valve chamber, an upstanding wall for supporting the boiler and provided with an opening, saddle members holding said wall rigid and an exhaust steam passageway connected with said valve chamber and extending through said opening and free of rigid connection with said wall and said members and adapted to expand without straining said structure.

3. In a locomotive saddle, cylinders at the sides thereof, supply valve chambers carried on said cylinders, exhaust steam passageways extending inwardly from said chambers independently of each other, and upwardly extending boiler support elements spaced from said passageways and free of rigid connection therewith and rigidly connected with each other across the saddle by transverse elements also free of rigid connection with said passageways.

4. In a locomotive saddle, cylinders carried at the sides thereof, supply valve chambers carried on said cylinders, exhaust steam passageways having continuous wall surfaces and extending inwardly from said chambers and curved upwardly, upwardly extending boiler support elements adjacent to said cylinders and spaced from said passageways and free of rigid connection therewith, and boiler support members extending across the saddle at each side of said connecting said elements.

5. An integral structure comprising a locomotive box-like boiler support, cylinders and supply valve chambers outside of said support, and nontelescoping exhaust steam passageways free of attachment to said support and extending inwardly from said chambers and curved upwardly, there being openings in the sides of said support surrounding said passageways, whereby the latter may expand and contract without restraint by said boiler support.

6. In a locomotive saddle structure, a valve chamber and a fluid passageway extending inwardly and upwardly from said chamber through the saddle and supported only by said chamber.

7. In combination, a locomotive saddle and a main steam cylinder carried at one end only on said saddle.

8. A locomotive structure comprising a main frame member and a cylinder rigidly connected to said member and spaced from said main frame member substantially throughout its length to provide for lagging between the cylinder barrel and said main frame member to prevent the transference of heat from the walls of said cylinder to said main frame member.

9. In combination, a locomotive structure comprising a valve chamber and a fluid passageway extending from said chamber to an exhaust stack and supported solely by said valve chamber.

10. In combination, a structure comprising a locomotive main framing member and a main steam cylinder rigidly connected to said member at one end only.

11. In combination, a structure comprising a locomotive main framing member, a main steam cylinder rigidly connected at one end only to said passageways and member, and a head for said cylinder formed integral with said member.

12. In a locomotive structure, an underframe, a beam extending transversely of said underframe beyond the sides thereof, cylinders rigidly connected to said beam at one end only of each cylinder, and cylinder heads formed integral with the outer portions of said beam.

13. In a locomotive structure, a main side frame member, a bracket extending outwardly therefrom for supporting a cylinder thereon at one of the end portions of said cylinder only, and a cylinder head formed integral with said bracket.

14. In combination, a structure comprising a locomotive main framing member, a cylinder rigidly connected at one end only to said member, and a valve chamber supported solely by said cylinder.

15. In combination, a structure comprising a locomotive main framing member, a cylinder rigidly connected at one end only to said member, a valve chamber supported solely by said cylinder, and a fluid passageway connected to said chamber and supported solely by said chamber.

16. In a locomotive saddle, a base member, a cylinder extending alongside of said base member and a vertical transversely extending web connecting one end portion of said cylinder with said base member and a brace between said web and said base member, the other end of said cylinder being free to expand and contract relative to said base member.

17. In a locomotive structure, a main side framing member, a bracket projecting therefrom, and a cylinder secured at one of its ends only to said bracket.

18. In a locomotive structure, a main side framing member, a bracket projecting therefrom, a cylinder secured at one of its ends only to said bracket, and elements on said bracket for mounting cross head guides.

19. In a locomotive integral structure, a main side frame, a transverse upright web extending between and projecting beyond said frame, a main steam cylinder carried by and extending from the projecting portion of said web longitudinally of the side frame, and a brace extending from the end of said portion to said side frame.

20. In a locomotive structure, an underframe, a beam extending transversely of said underframe beyond the sides thereof, and cylinders carried by said beam at one end only of each of said cylinders, said cylinders projecting from said beam substantially free of said underframe.

21. In a locomotive structure, an underframe, a boiler supporting saddle, and a beam comprising elements in addition to the saddle wall extending across and projecting laterally on each side of said underframe at the rear of said saddle and arranged to carry cylinders located at the sides of said saddle.

22. In a locomotive structure, an underframe, a boiler supporting saddle, a transversely extending member comprising elements in addition to the saddle wall and having an outwardly projecting portion and an upwardly projecting portion, a cylinder carried by said outwardly projecting portion and connected thereto at one end of said cylinder only, and a valve chamber connected to and supported by said cylinder and upwardly projecting portion.

23. In a locomotive cylinder saddle structure, upright webs forming a boiler support, a cylinder supported by said structure at one end only,

a valve chamber supported by said cylinder, fluid passageways extending from said valve chamber to the interior of said support, certain of said passageways being rigid with said webs and forming with said webs a support for said valve chamber, and others of said passageways extending through openings provided therefor in said webs.

24. In a locomotive cylinder saddle structure,

a boiler support, a cylinder supported by said structure at one end only of said cylinder, a valve chamber supported by said cylinder, a fluid passageway extending from said valve to the interior of said support and rigidly connected to the latter so as to form a support for said valve chamber,

and another fluid passageway extending from said valve chamber through an opening in said support.

25. In a locomotive, a main frame, a cylinder rigidly mounted at one end on said main frame and means supporting the opposite end of said cylinder from said main frame but arranged to yield longitudinally of said main frame to accommodate expansion of said cylinder.

26. In combination, a structure comprising a locomotive main frame and. a cylinder rigidly connected to said main frame at one end only, and a support for said cylinder at its opposite end carried by said main frame and arranged to accommodate relative movement of said opposite end and said main frame.

27. In a locomotive structure, a smokebox support comprising side walls, a bottom plate, spaced fluid passageways curving inwardly and upwardly through said support, and a support top member, said top member comprising a plate carried by the walls of said support and fitting around said passageways, and another plate over the opening in said first mentioned plate between said passageways.

28. In a locomotive saddle structure, exhaust steam passageways extending through said structure and spaced from each other throughout their length, and a member adjacent said passageways and having converging legs mounted on said passageways and forming a flexible connection between said passageways and a common exhaust nozzle.

29. In a locomotive cylinder saddle structure, fluid cylinders on each side of said structure and supported thereby, valve chambers supported by said cylinders, fluid passageways extending from said chambers inwardly and having outlets spaced from each other longitudinally of the locomotive, an exhaust pipe mounted on said passageways above said outlets and having a single outlet in its upper portion, said passageways being free to move transversely of the locomotive at said outlet portions relative to each other to accommodate expansion when heated.

30. In a locomotive cylinder saddle structure, fluid cylinders on each side of said structure and supported thereby, valve chambers supported by said cylinders, fluid passageways extending from said chambers inwardly and having outlets spaced from each other longitudinally of the 10- comotive, an exhaust pipe mounted on said passageways above said outlets and having a single outlet in its upper portion, said passageways being free to move transversely of the locomotive at said outlet portions relative to each other to accommodate expansion when heated, said exhaust pipe being arranged to rotate on its vertical axis to accommodate relative transverse movement of said passageways.

31. In a locomotive cylinder saddle structure,

fluid cylinders on each side of said structure and supported thereby, valve chambers supported by said cylinders, fluid passageways extending from said chambers inwardly and having outlets spaced from each other longitudinally of the locomotive,

an exhaust pipe mounted on said passageways above said outlets and having a single outlet in its upper portion, said passageways being free to move transversely of the locomotive at said outlet portions relative to each other to accommodate expansion when heated, said exhaust pipe being arranged to rotate on its vertical axis to accommodate relative transverse movement of said passageways, and a link fitted over said outlets so as to maintain said outlets a given distance apart under all conditions.

32. An integral saddle structure for a locomotive comprising cylinders, valve chambers therefor, and non-telescoping fluid passageways extending inwardly and upwardly from said valve chambers through said structure, the inner portions of said passageways being separated from the other elements of the structure to relieve strains due to variations in temperature of said parts.

33. In a locomotive cylinder saddle structure, upright transverse and longitudinally extending webs forming a boiler support, and fluid passage ways extending from the exterior of said support to the interior thereof, certain of said passageways being rigid with said webs and others of said passageways extending through openings provided therefor in said webs.

34. In a locomotive cylinder saddle structure, a boiler support, rigid means for mounting cylinders and fluid supply chambers at opposite sides of said support, and fluid passageway structure extending from said supply chambers inwardly through the sides of said support and terminating in outlet portions adjacent the center of the saddle structure, the outlet portion of the passageway structure leading from one of said cylinders and supply chambers overlapping the outlet portion of the passageway structure from the opposite cylinder and chamber longitudinally of the locomotive, said outlet portions being free to move transversely of the locomotive relative to each other to relieve strains due to variations in temperature of said parts.

35. In a locomotive saddle structure, a base member, a cylinder extending alongside of said base member, and spaced transversely extending walls connecting one end portion of said cylinder with said base member, the other end of said cylinder being free to expand and contract relative to said base member.

36. In a locomotive saddle casting, a base member, a boiler support thereon, a cylinder secured at one end only to said base member, a supply valve chamber carried on said cylinder and a fluid passageway extending from said valve chamber through said boiler support but spaced therefrom and spaced from said base member.

37. In combination, a locomotive saddle, a main steam cylinder, and a bushing lining the inner wall of said cylinder, said cylinder being carried by said saddle at one end only whereby said cylinder may expand and contract with said bushing without stressing said saddle.

38. In combination, a locomotive main framing member, and a main steam cylinder having a bushing lining its inner wall, said cylinder being rigidly connected to said member at one end only and free to expand axially with said bushing.

39. In a locomotive structure, a main side framing member, a bracket projecting therefrom, and a cylinder having its inner wall lined with a suitable bushing, said cylinder being secured at one of its ends only to said bracket, with its other end being free to move relative to said member.

40. In a locomotive, an underframe structure including valve chambers and a boiler saddle, a smoke box supported by said saddle, and exhaust steam passages extending from said chambers through the lower wall of said smoke box and spaced throughout their lengths from each other and from the remaining portions of said structure, said passages formin air tight joints with said smoke box lower wall, and said wall having depressed portions adjacent said joints adapted to permit expansion and contraction of said passages.

41. In a locomotive, an underframe structure including valve chambers and a boiler saddle, a smoke box supported by said saddle, and exhaust steam passages extending from said chambers into said smoke box and spaced throughout their lengths from the remaining portions of said structure, there being bolting flanges on the upper ends of said passages, and the lower wall of said smoke box being shaped to form air tight joints with said passages below said flanges.

42. In combination, a locomotive boiler supporting saddle structure having a rigid box-like form and including an upstanding wall provided with an opening, and an exhaust steam passageway having a continuous wall surface and extending in an are through said opening and the saddle interior and free of rigid connection to the walls of said saddle structure whereby said passageway may expand without straining said structure.

43. A structure as specified in claim 42 embodied in a onepiece cast structure.

44. A saddle construction consisting of a chambered casting with openings in the walls and involving a cylinder and a valve chamber, and integral exhaust conduits leading from the valve chamber and disposed through the openings into the casting and independent of the structural walls of the casting.

45. A cylinder saddle structure comprising a single piece casting formed to provide integral valve chambers, cylinders and exhaust conduits at opposite ends of the valve chambers; the exhaust conduits being disposed through the casting in dissociated relation with the walls thereof.

KARL S. HOWARD.

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