US1958150A - Wireless receiving system - Google Patents

Description

May 8, 1934. A. MAVROGENIS WIRELESS RECEIVING SYSTEM Original Filed April 15, 1929 2 Sheets-Shea t l INVENTOR ARIfiTOTE MAVROGENIS QMQ. 1. Haw/MW A TT ORNE Y May 8, 1934.

A. MAVROGENIS WIRELESS RECEIVING SYSTEM Original Filed April 15, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIGJL.

swim my INVENTOR ,ARIS'IOTE MAVROJQENIS, M

A TTORNEY I unit PATET @FICE il,958,l50

WERIELESS RECEIVING SYSTEM ilristcte Mavrogenis, Milwaukee, Wis.

@l'iginal application April 15, 1929, Serial No. 355,153. Divided and this application Septemher 5, 1933, Serial No. 688,233

34 (Claims. (Cl. 250-27) This invention relates to wireless receiving vices, whereby the field producing means or unit systems, and is particularly directed to a system is utilized to aid in smoothing out any pulsations including wireless receiving apparatus and a of'current supplied from the AC source to the translating device for translating electrical imoutput circuits or electrodes of the electron dispulses into mechanical motion, for example, charge devices.

sound waves. Further objects are to providea wireless receiv- An object of the invention is to provide means ing apparatus which is so made that the rectifyin a radio receiving apparatus having amplifying ingapparatus and the associated electrical cirmeans; detecting means, and a translating device cults may be very much simplified due to the use having field producing means, which means enof the field producing means or unit of the transables different parts of the system to be supplied lating device, in which a compact and simple from an alternating or variable current source, arrangement is provided and in which the system such, for example, as the city electric lighting may be made at arelativelysmall manufacturing and power circuit, without any objectionable discost.

turbance due to the variations of potential or Further objects are to provide a radio receiv current from this source. ing system having a plurality. of cooperating elec- Further objects of this invention are to 'protron discharge devices adapted to be supplied v a n v l sys m h vi a urce f en rgy from an alternating or variable current source or pp y, a translatin dev ce provided with a field supply means, in which at least one of the elec- 20 pr i m ns r ni n el c ron dischar e tron discharge devices has an indirectly heated 7 devices so associated with the field produci g cathode connected to an anode through at least means or unit of the translating device that the a part of an electrical circuit including rectifying source supplies the output circuit or circuits of means or current converting means with or withon r a plu y of electron dis h rg devices out smoothing means, and in whichatranslating and also the field producing means or unit of the devi i employed whose field producing means translating device. is supplied from the alternating or variable cur- This invention is an. improvement over the in r nt source or supply means, and in which the vention disclosed in my application S. N. 669,490, field producing means may aid in smoothing out filed October 19, 1923, for a Wire ess ece v pulsations in at least a part of the rectified our- 30 sysiem, inwhich atranslating device is employed rent supplied one or more of the electron dishaving field producing means supplied from an charge devices. alternating current source, and in which the field Another object is to provide a radio receiving producing means is energized from the alternatsystem, in which the field producing means or ing current source and may aid in smoothing out field winding of the translating device is pr pulsations in the rectified current supplied to an vided th tap hi h is adapted to be on ected 0 element of h V m tubes employed in h to anypoint of the system or to the electrodes of system, all Of the tubes being energized from Said the vacuum tubes thereof, such as grids-or screen alternating current source. The present case in id for maintaining th same ,1; suitable p0- fact contains many of the disclosures also appeart t l from a power u ing in Sald. earlier application N. I A further object is to provide a radio receiver It is the usual practice where translating dein which a plurality of filte reactances or vices are employed, such, for example, as dynamic ductances is employed which devices are com loud speakers, to utilize a storage battery for nected at various pointsto the anodes or anode supplying ji field for the e i circuits of the thermionic devices, and in which and to utlhze separate B battery or B one of the said reactances or inductances forms nator for supplying the output circuits of the vacuum tubes. This arrangement necessitates an 2 field producmg means of the translatmg de elaborate equipment which is expensive and which Another object is to provide a radio receiver,

has a lar e number of elements or parts. 53 This iniention is designed'to overcome the dem Whlch field plfedlicme means Wmdmg 1 5 fects noted above, and further objects are to prome translatlflg device employed to Secure vide a novel arrangement of connections between Verse Operatmg Potenlilals the vaclllltn tube the translating device, the source of alternating electrodes, u h as the a d s r anode circuits. current, and the output or anode circuits or elec- A further obje t is to provide a radio receivtrodes of a plurality of electron discharge deing system, in which a plurality of current conv verting or rectifying circuits are employed which have a plurality-of pcmitive output terminals.

Another object is to provide a radio receiver, in which means are embodied to protect the vacuum tubes and/or the translating device from excessive operating voltages.

A further object of the invention is to provide a radio receiver, wherein means are provided across the field producing means of the translating device for securing suitable and/or different operating potentials for the thermionic devices thereof, from a power source.

A further object of this invention is to provide a system, in which the field producing means or unit of the translating device cooperates with other parts of the system to provide a constant voltage for some point in the system.

Further objects of the inventionwill appear hereinafter as the description proceeds.

This case is a division of my application S. N. 355,153, filed April 15, 1929.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view showing one form of the invention, in which the output circuits of all the tubes are supplied through a field unit of the translating device.

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic view, in which a plurality of the tubes are supplied through the translating device, the two rectifiers being shown in Figure 2 as separate units.

Figure 3 is a diagrammatic view showing a further form of the invention and a different manner of associating the field producing means or unit of the translating device.

Figure 4 is a still further form of the invention.

Figure 5 is a sectional view, partly diagrammatic, showing one of the many forms that the translating device maytalre.

Referring to Figure 1 showing the first form or the invention, it will be seen that a plurality of electron discharge devices 1, 2, 3 and i have been shownasinterconnected or associated with each other in a wireless receiving system. If desired, the first tube 1 may be a radio frequency ampliher, the second tube 2 may be a detector, the third tube 3 may be an audio frequency amplifier, and the fourth tube 4 may be a power amplifier.

Each of the tubes is provided with a filament 5,

and the filaments are connected in parallel and supplied with alternating current from the secondary 6 of atransformer. The center point of the secondary is connected to the bus-bar 7 and one side of each of the grid circuits is connected to this bus-bar. Any suitable means for tuning the desired circuits of the system may be employed, (and if desired, a resistance 8 may be placed in' the grid circuit of the first tube to suppress oscillations, and a volume control 9 may 'be placedin the grid circuit of the audio frequency amplifier 3.

The supply transformer is provided with a primary 10 connected to the supply main and in the form shown in Figure 1 this transformer is proof the secondary 14 is connected to the negative bus-bar or conductor 16 of the electrical filter circuits, and bus-bar 16is connected also to the center point or neutral point of the secondary 6.

The other side of the filter system or supply system is connected to the center point of the secondary 11. This circuit leads through a choke coil 17, through the winding of a field unit 18 of a translating device,- such as a dynamic loud speaker, and to the positive end of a resistance 19. The negative end of the resistance is connected to the conductor or bus-bar 16.

It is apparent from the description thus far given that current .fiows from one or the other of the anodes 15 of the rectifier, to the cathode 12' from a neutral point of the secondary 11, through the choke coil 17, through the field producing means or unit 18 of the loud speaker, through the resistance 19, and back to the neutral point of the secondary 1%. 1

These electrical circuits may constitute filter circuits and may be supplied with appropriate filter condensers-20, 21 and 22, the condensers 20 the field producing means or unit of the loud speaker or other translating device, the size of the parts of the filter circuit may be greatly reduced, with consequent reduction of the cost of manufacture and with an increase in compact ness. The field producingmeans or unit of the translating device supplies a large impedance which cooperates directly with the other parts of the electrical circuits in smoothing out pulsations in the rectified current.

Any suitable connection may be provided from the plates or anodes of the several tubes to the supply system or filter system. For example, the plates of the tubes 1 and 3 may be connected to a selected point of the resistance 19 by means of the conductor 23, the plate of the detector tube may be connected to a different selected point by means of the conductor 24, and the plate of the power amplifier 4 may be connected through a suitable device coupled to the loud speaker and with a selected point, for example, the positive terminal of the resistance 19, as shown in Figure 1. The plate circuit of the power amplifier is connected to the moving coil or receiving coil of the translating device in any suitable manner, as by means of a transformer housed in the casing 25 carried by the translating device 26, in accordance with the usual practice, although it is to be distinctly understood that any appropriate method may be followed for connecting the receiving coil or armature member of the translating device to the desired output circuit.

It is to be noted that, with reference to Figure 1 or.Figure 2, hereinafter described, the resistance 19 may be either a continuous resistance member or a plurality of distinct elements arranged either in series or in parallel and supplied from the alternating supply source through the current converting or rectifying device, as shown in Figure 3, if so desired. 4

By- pass condensers 27 and 28 are provided for by-passing the different portions of the resistance 1 19 as shown in Figure 1, so that the variable portion of the different cathode-plate currents do not have to traverse the resistance 19. The con- ,denser 29 by-passes the field unit 18. This last mentioned on denser 29 may be omitted if desired.

This improves the clarity of reception and also the volume.

It may be found desirable to provide one or more of the electron discharge devices with equipotential or indirectly heated cathodes. For instance, the detector tube 2 has been shown in Figure 1 as provided with anequipotential or indirectly heated cathode 3O heated by the filament and connected to the conductor '7 and, consequently, to the negative side of the filter system or supply system. Referring to Figure 1, it will be seen that, although a single current converting or rectifying device is embodied in the system for supplying a unilateral current at a mean potential of a certain value for a given setting, the

' anodes of the electron discharge devices are adapted to be supplied with different suitable potentials and need not all be supplied at the same potential. Very clearly, if desired, several electron discharge devices may be supplied at the same potential.

Figure 2 shows a further form of the invention employing the same principles as those illustrated in Figure l, but showing a slightly different arrangement. In the form shown in Figure 2, a resistance 31 is bridged across the secondary 6 or filament secondary of the transformer and is connected to the neutral or negative bus-bar '7 of the system and also to the negative bus-bar 16 of the filter circuits or electrical supply circuits. The secondary 14 is connected to the plates 32 and 33 of the rectifiers 34 and 35. The center point of the secondary 14 -is connected to the bus-bar 16. The filaments or heaters 36 and 37 of the rectifiers may be connected in parallel and supplied from the secondary 11. The center point or neutral point of the secondary 11 is connected to the filter'system in the same manner as that previously described. The tubes 1, 2 and 3 are supplied from the filter system by connecting their plates with appropriate 'points of the resistance 19.

It is to be noted that in the form shown in Figure 2 all of the plate current for the tubes 1, 2 and 3 passes through the field unit 18 of the translating device 26. However, the plate of the power amplifier 4 is connected to a point in the filter system, indicated by the reference character 38, in advance of the field unit 18 of the translating device. In other words, the plate current of the power amplifier in this form of the invention does not pass through the field producing meansor unit of the translating device. The anode or anode circuit of any of the tubes 1, 2 and 3 is; therefore, maintained at a potential difierent from that applied to the anode, or to the anode circuit, of tube 4 by means of this field unit or winding, inasmuch as a voltage drop is produced in this field winding due to the fiow of current which is supplied therethrough to the anode or anode circuit of any of these tubes 1, 2 and 3.

It is to be distinctly understood that other arrangements could be made and the current supplying any given tube or any group of tubes could be passed through the field producing means or unit of the translating device.

In the form shown in Figure 3 a regenerative detector 39 is employed and its output circuit is coupled or connected to the audio frequency amplifier 40, which is, in turn, coupled or connected to the audio frequency amplifier or power tube 41. These tubes have their filaments or cathodes connected in parallel and supplied with rectified current, the terminals of the filament circuits being connected across the element 42 of a resistance. Of course, the cathode of any of said tubes, such as that of tube 39, for instance, may be an indirectly heated cathode, as shown in .Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, and may be also energized in similar manner to the cathodes of the tubes of said Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, if so desired. The element 42 of the resistance is connected by means of a tap switch 43 to any desired point of the resistance element 44. The resistance element 44, similarly, may be connected by means of a tap switch 45 to any desired point of the resistance element 46. The resistance made up of the elements 42, 44 and 46 is connected to the output terminals 47 and 48 of a filter system hereinafter described.

The terminal 47 may be positive and the terminal 48 negative asindicated.

The filter system or electrical supply circuits may, in this case, comprise a rectifier provided with an anode 49 and a cathode or filament 50. The anode 49 or plate of the rectifier is connected to one end of the supply secondary 51, the primary 52 of the supply transformer being connected to the mains, as shown also in Figures 1 and 2. The other side of the secondary 51 is connected to the negative terminal 48 as previously mentioned.

The cathode or element of the rectifier is connected through a suitable choke coil 53 with the anode or plate 54 of a current limiting device. The current limiting device is provided with an equipotential cathode 55 heated by a filament 56. The cathode 55 of the currentlimiting device is connected to the positive terminal 47. The rectifier and current limiting device may take the form of that disclosed in my Patent No. 1,671,598 for rectifiers issued May 29, 1928, the current limiting device acting to hold the current at a fixed predetermined value, as well as acting as a resistance or impedance device, thereby aiding in smoothing out pulsations in the rectified current. The choke coil 53 and condenser 57 serve to at least partly suppress the pulsations in the rectified current prior to' their arrival at the current limiting device.

Inasmuch as the current limiting device gives a substantially constant current for any given setting of the rheostat of its filament, it is apparent that, when the number of tubes is varied, some by-passing means is preferably provided for by-passing a portion of the current from the current limiting device. For example a by-pass resistance 58 may be bridged across the terminals 47 and 48, any suitable value of the resistance being selected by means of the tap switch 59.

It is apparent from the description given above that through one or more of the switches 43, 45 and 59 a shunt path or shunt paths, a short circuit or short circuits, may be established around a portion or portions of the compositeresistance 42 to 46, or through the resistance 58 or a portion thereof respectively, whereby the anode potential or potentials of the tube/ or tubes remaining in operation is or are prevented from being unduly increased, when either the field producing means of the translating device 26 or one or more of the tubes of the system is or are not simultaneously supplied from same power supply source .or means. r I

tubes or electron discharge devices-also may be connected at the desired points and may thus be supplied by the rectified current. Further, the field producing means or unit 18 of the translating device 26 may be connected to suitable points of the composite resistance and may thus be energized. In fact, the said composite resistance and resistance 44 are mounted in shunt to said field winding or unit, which is shown in detail in Figure 5 and designated by'reference character 77.

A resistance 44' is bridged between the output circuits and the negative terminals of the electron discharge devices, and is used to by-pass current from the output circuits of the devices, as this current varies, whereas the current limiting device maintains a steady current.

It is to be noted in connection with Figure 3 that the field unit of the loud speaker is in parallel to the composite resistance and, consequently, is in efiect in parallel to the plate circuits of the electron discharge devices.

Figure 4. shows a still further form of the invention. The arrangement of electron discharge devices is substantially similar to that described in connection with Figures 1 and 2. The filaments, however, are arranged in two groups and are supplied by two distinct secondaries. The center point or neutral point of each of these secondaries 61 and 61 is connected to the corresponding neutral bus- bar 62 and 62, respective- Further, the secondary 60 is employed to supply the filament 63 of the rectifiers 64 and 65. The plate 66 of the rectifier 64 is connected to the negative end of the resistance 6'7. The other end of the resistance 67 is connected through a choke coil 68 to one end of the secondary 69 for the rectifiers. The other end of the secondary 69 is similarly connected to one end of a choke coil 70, the choke coil I0 being connected to the positive terminal of the resistance 71, the negative terminal of such resistance being connected to the plate of the rectifier 65.

The center point of the secondary 69 is connccted to the center point of secondary 60. Suitable filter condensers are provided as indicated at 72 and '73, and 72 and 73', and may be associated with the choke coils 68 and 70, as shown in Figure 4. The terminals of the field unit 18 of the translating device 26 may be connected to the resistance 6'7, as shown in Figure 4, also suitable by-pass condensers 74, 75 and 76 maybe provided as shown in Figure 4' and may operate in substantially the manner previously described in connection with Figure 1. Further the plates of the diii'erent tubes may be connected to selected points of the resistance 67, or of the resistance '71, as shown in Figure 4. The last tube 4 may, if desired, be a power amplifier.

It is to be noted in connection with the last described form of the invention that the field producing means or unit 18 of the translating device isin effect parallel to the plate circuits of the electron discharge devices. Similarly, the said field unit or winding is in effect in parallel with resistance 67. It will be seen, therefore, that a novel circuit arrangement is provided by this invention in a radio receiver, which reduces any possible undesirable inter-part or interstage coupling, improves theoperating characteristics of the receiver, and renders the operating voltage or current supply for the various parts ofthe apparatus more flexible, and thereby secures a smoother and more stable operation thereof.

Any suitable form of translating device may be employed. For instance, it is apparent that the receiving coil of the translating device may be a movable coil connected to the diaphragm of a horn or to a cone or may be connected to any other part which is to be mechanically moved. Obviously link mechanism could be interposed between the movable receiving coil and the diaphragm or cons, if so desired. Further, it is obvious that the receiving coil could be a stationary coil, as in certain types of loud speakers. One form, however, has been chosen for illustration and is shown in Figure 5. The field producing means or unit 18 is energized by a field coil 77 which may be wound about a circular core 78. The outer shell furnishes the return magnetic circuit. A disk 79 is connected to the outer end of the outer shell and is provided with a circular aperture through which the reduced portion 80 of the circular core passes. Between the disk 79 and the circular core, the receiving coil or armature member 81 of the translating device is positioned. This receiving coil is, in the form shown, a moving coil and is connected to the diaphragm 82 of a horn; in fact, the moving coil is carried by the diaphragm of the horn or cone in the form shown in Figure 5. The receiving coil 81 may be connected to the output circuit of the last tube by means of a small transformer enclosed in the casing 25 and having a primary 83 and a secondary 84 connected to the receiving coil as shown in Figure 5. It is, obvious, however, that the receiving coil or armature member could be connected to the output circuit of the last tube or power amplifier in any desired manner.

It is to be understood that the translating device may take other forms, and the receiving coil may be replaced by any device responsive to variations in the electrical energy supplied to the receiving unit.

It is to be noted, when the usual choke coil is used in the smoothing means, that there is a loss of power therein due to the impedance of the choke coil. This loss is a complete waste. In this invention the field unit of the translating device acts also as a choke coil and produces a useful. field as well. Thus a considerable part of the power ordinarily wasted in the usual choke coil is efiiectively utilized for the useful purpose of producing the field of the translating device.

It is apparent that the impedance of the field unit can be made any value desired. For instance, it may be made sufficiently large to wholly replace the choke coil.

The field producing means or unit of the loud speaker may be utilized for a further purpose. For example, it is sometimes desirable to have a point of fixed potential in the receiving system as, for instance, when screen grid tubes are employed. This is easily accomplished by providing a tap or intermediate point 85 in the winding of the loud speaker, so that the desired potential drop, and consequently the desired potential, may be obtained without the use of auxiliary resistances, such as 19 or 42, 44 and 46, or 67 or 71, or other apparatus. This arrangement is particularly useful, when the field unit is connected in parallel with the output or power supply circuits, as clearly shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.

While one form or type of translating device has been given as one example of the many embodiments that the invention may take, it is to be understood that any other suitable, similar or equivalent translating device, adapted to translate electrical impulses or variations into mechanical motion or sound and having field producing means requiring a unilateral current or potential for its excitation, may be equally well used without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. 7

Further, it is to be noted that while one form of current converting means has been given in the drawings as an example, it is to be understood that any other equivalent or similar current converting means may be employed without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.

It will be seen that a novel form of wireless receiving system has been provided by this invention in which the field producing means or unit of the translating device and the output circuits of one or more of the electron discharge devices are supplied from the same source through one or more electrical circuits.

Further, it will be seen that in certain forms of the invention the field producing means or unit itself furnishes a portion of the impedance in the filter system or filter circuit.

For the sake of definiteness itis to be noted that super-audio frequencies are defined as frequencies above the audio range.

It is to be clearly understood that while the drawings and specification disclose only a few embodiments of the invention, which are given merely as examples, the invention is by no means limited to the exact form or forms or to the number of electron discharge devices or to the precise circuit connections as indicated, or to a particular system, or arrangement of circuits in radio receiving work or vacuum tube systems, but various changes or modifications both in the electron discharge devices and in the circuit connections are contemplated and are to be considered as being within the scope and spirit of the invention as developed in the claims. Therefore, although this invention has been described in considerable detail, it is to be understood that such description is intended as illustrative rather than limiting, as the invention may be variously embodied and is to be interpreted as claimed.

In construing the appended claims it should be clearly understood that the expression a number appearing in some of said claims has its math matical meaning, namely, an integer, in the present case, which may be either unity or a larger number. In other words, said term as used in the present case is of the same scope as one or more.

I claim:

1. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combination of alternating current supply means, detecting and amplifying means including a plurality of electron discharge devices, said discharge devices having cold and cathode electrodes and being mounted in cascade, the cathode of a number of said discharge devices being an indirectly heated cathode provided with cathode heating means, rectifying means 'mechanically distinct from said detecting means for supplying cold electrode potential from said. currentsupply means, circuit connections for heating the cathodes of said discharge devices from said current supply means, an electrodynamic sound reproducer having an armature winding supplied with electrical impulses from the last electron discharge device of the cascade in said apparatus and-having a. field winding conductively connected to said rectifying means and energized with rectified current from said current supply means through said rectifying means substantially independently of the heating current ac tuating the cathodes of said discharge devices, and circuit connections conductively connecting said rectifying means to the corresponding cathode and cold electrodes of a plurality of said discharge devices substantially independently of said field winding.

2. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combi nation of an alternating current supply source, detecting and amplifying means, said detecting and amplifying means including a plurality of electron discharge devices having current-heated cathode and anode electrodes, said detecting means having indirectly heated cathode and anode electrodes, said amplifying means including an audio frequency amplifier, rectifying means mechanically distinct from the electrodes of said detecting means for supplying anode positive potential from said current supply source, an electrodynamic sound reproducer having a movable coil supplied with electrical impulses from said audio amplifier and having a field winding conductively connected to said rectifying means and supplied therefrom with rectified current and energized substantially independently of the heating current actuating the cathodes of a plurality of said discharge devices, and circuit connections conductively connecting said rectifying means to the anode and cathode electrodes of a plurality of said discharge devices substantially independently of said field winding.

3. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combination of a plurality of thermionic devices mounted in cascade and having current-heated cathode and anode electrodes, current supply means mechanically distinct from the cathodes of said thermionic devices, impedance means connected to said current supply means and to a number of said thermionic devices for supplying suitable anode positive potential from said current supply means, and a translating device having an armature member supplied from the output of the last thermionic device of the cascade in said apparatus and having a field winding conductively connected to said current supply means, and circuit connections whereby said field winding is actuated from said current supply means substantially independently of the heating current energizing the cathodes of said thermionic devices and actuated substantially independently of the anode-cathode current supplied from said current supply means in said apparatus.

4. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combination of a plurality of thermionic devices,

mounted in cascade and having current-heated cathode and anode electrodes, an operating current source, rectifying means, resistance means connected to said source through saidrectifying means and to a. number of said thermionic devices for maintaining suitable anode-cathode potentials in said apparatus, and a translating device having an armature coil supplied from the output of said apparatus and having field producing means conductively connected to said source, and ircuit connections whereby said field producing means is actuated from said our. rent source substantially independently of the heating current energizing the cathodes of said thermionic devices and actuated substantially independently of the anode-cathode current supplied to said thermionic devices from said source.

5. In a radio receiving system, the combination of a source of operating current, rectifying means supplied from said source, detecting and amplifying means including a plurality of cooperating electron discharge devices having cathode and anode electrodes, a translating device having a field winding and having an armature member associated with the output circuit of one of said discharge devices, means conductively connecting the return of said cathodes and one side of said field winding to one point of said source independently of said cathodes, and means conductively connecting through said rectifying means another point of said source to a second side of said field winding and to the anodes of a plurality of said discharge devices independently of said field winding.

6. In a radio receiving system, the combination of current supply means, current converting means supplied from said current supply means, amplifying and detecting means including a plurality of electron discharge devices having cathode and anode electrodes, a translating device adapted to be actuated with signal energy from one of said electron discharge devices and having field producing means actuated independently of the heating current activating the oathodes of said discharge devices, resistance means supplied from said current supply means through said current converting means, means conductively connecting said resistance means and the anodes of certain at least of said discharge devices to one point of said current sup--. ply means through said current converting means independently of said field producing means, and means conducti ely connecting said field producing means and the cathodes of said discharge devices to a second point of said current supply means.

7. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combination of alternating current supply means, detecting and amplifying means including a plurality of electron discharge devices, the cathode of at least one of said discharge devices being an indirectly heated cathode, rectifying means for supplying anode positive potential to certain at least of said discharge devices from said current supply means, and an electrodynamic sound reproducer'having an armature winding actuated with electrical impulses from an electron discharge device of said apparatus and having a field winding conductively connected to said rectifying means, said field winding having at least a part supplied with rectified current from said rectifying means, said rectifying means being conductively connected between the anode and cathode electrodes of one at least of said discharge devices independently of at least a part of said field winding and being conductively connected between the anode and cathode electrodes of another of said discharge devices through at least a part of said field winding.

8. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combination of aso'urce of current, :detecting and amplifing means including a plurality of electron discharge devices having cathode and anode electrodes, the cathode of a number of said discharge devices being an indirectly heated cathode, and an electrodynamic sound reproducer having a field winding conductively connected to said source and supplied therefrom, said source being conductively connected to the anode and cathode electrodes of a discharge device in .said apparatus substantially independently of said field winding for maintaining a voltage between said anode and cathode electrodes and 'one of said reactors forming the field winding of an electrodynamic sound reproducer, and anode circuits for said thermionic devices connected with said reactors at different points whereby one at least of said anode circuits is supplied with operating potential different from that supplied to another of said anode circuits from said current supply means.

10. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combination of an electron discharge device having a plurality of electrodes, a power source for supplying electricity to said discharge device, a plurality of inductances mechanically distinct from each other acting as a filter for the electricity supplied from said source, one of said inductances constituting the field producing means of a sound reproducing device, and a conductive connection from one of said electrodes to a point between said inductances.

11. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combination of amplifying and detecting means including a plurality of thermionic devices, a source of operating current, a plurality of filter inductances substantially mechanically distinct from each other and connected to said source for smoothing fluctuations of electricity supplied from said source, anode circuits for saiii thermionic devices connected to said inductances and electrically separated by one of said inductances, and a translating device having a movable coil supplied from the output of said apparatus and having a field winding forming one of said inductances and actuated substantially independently of the heating current energizing the cathodes of said thermionic devices.

12. In combination, a radio receiver including a plurality of electron discharge devices, a power source connected between the anode and cathode electrodes of said discharge devices for supplying anode potential thereto, a filter network, including a plurality of inductances mechanically distinct from each other, connected to said.power source and said discharge'devices, an electrodynamic sound reproducer having an armature winding supplied with electrical impulses from said radio receiver and'having a field wind: ing forming one of said inductances, means including said field winding, in which a drop of potential is produced due to the flow of current in the said winding, and means whereby said first mentioned means will supply 2. correspondingly decreased voltage between the anode and cathode of an electron discharge device in said apparatus in order to maintain a voltage between the said anode and said cathode of said last mentioned discharge device different from that applied substantially independently of said field winding between the anode and the cathode of another of said discharge devices.

13. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combination'of a plurality of electron discharge devices provided with anode circuits, a power source, and an electrodynamic sound reproducer having field producing means supplied from said source and interposed wholly between two anode circuits and arranged to serve as smoothing means for reducing fluctuations of the electricity supplied from said source to at least one of said anode circuits, and, at the same time, to produce a field for said sound reproducer, said field producing means having one terminal connected to said power source and to one of said anode circuits and having a second terminal connected to another of said anode circuits whereby said field producing means is adapted also to maintain one of said anode circuits at a potential different from that supplied substantially independently of said field producing means to another of said anode circuits from said power source.

14. In a radio receiving system, the combination of operating current supply means, a plurality of electrical circuits having a common portion and including rectifying means and being supplied from said current supply means, said electrical circuits having a plurality of positive output terminals, one'terminal being supplied from a rectifier electrode separate. and distinct from that supplying another output terminal, detecting and amplifying means including a plurality of electron discharge devices having currentheated cathode and anode electrodes, said detecting means having an indirectly'heated cathode mechanically distinct from any element of said rectifying means, said discharge devices being mounted in cascade in said apparatus, a translating device provided with a movable coil adapted to be actuated by the output of the lastelectron discharge device of the cascade in said apparatus and having field producing means actuated independently of the heating current energizing the cathodes of a plurality of said discharge devices, means connecting each of said electrical circuits to a number of discharge device anodes in said apparatus, and means electrically connecting the said field producing means to a number of said electrical circuits, whereby said electrical circuits supply anode positive potential from said current supply means, and whereby a number of said electrical circuits supplies current from said current supply means to said field producing means for energizing the same.

15. In a radio receiving system, the combination of variable current supply means, a plurality of electrical circuits having a common portion and including current converting means, said electrical circuits having a plurality of positive output terminals one output terminal being supplied from a current converter terminalseparate and distinct from that supplying another output terminal, detecting and amplifying means including a plurality of cooperating electron discharge devices, one of said discharge devices having an indirectly heated cathode connected to an anode through an anode circuit, another of said discharge devices. having a cathode connected to an anode through a part of one of said electrical circuits, the cathodes of said discharge devices being mechanically distinct from said current converting means, circuit connections for heating the cathodes of said electron discharge devices from said current supply means, a translating device for translating electrical impulses into sound and having field producing means, means connecting each of said electrical circuits to a number of discharge device anodes in said apparatus, and means connecting said field-producing means to a number of said electrical circuits, whereby said electrical circuits supply anode positive potential and supplied from said current supply means and including rectifying means, said electrical circuits having a plurality of positive output terminals one terminal being supplied from a rectifier electrode separate and distinct from that supplying another output terminal, amplifying and detecting means including a plurality of cooperating electron discharge devices mounted in cascade, one of said discharge devices having an indirectly heated cathode connected to an anode through an anode circuit, another of said discharge devices having a cathode connected to an anode by a part of one of said electrical circuits, circuit connections for heating the cathodes of said electron discharge devices ,with alternating current, a translating device adapted to be actuated from the last electron discharge device of the cascade in said apparatus and having field-producing means electrically connected to a number of said eleci trical circuits and supplied therefrom, and means connecting each of said' electrical circuits to a number of discharge device anodes in said apparatus, whereby said field producing means aids in smoothing out pulsations in current supplied from said current supply means, and whereby said electrical circuits supply anode rectified positive potential from said current'supply means in said apparatus.

17. In a radio receiving system, the conibina tion of alternating current supply means, a plurality of electrical circuits having a common electrically conductive portion and including rectifying means supplied from said alternating current supply means, said electrical circuits having a plurality of positive output terminals one terminal being supplied from a rectifier electrode separate and distinct from that supplying another output terminal, smoothing means connected to a number of said electrical circuits, detecting and amplifying means including a plurality of cooperating electron discharge devices mounted in cascade and having cold electrodes, one of said discharge devices having an indirectly heated cathode connected to a cold electrode by an electrode circuit, another of said discharge devices having a cathode connected to a cold electrode through a part of one of said electrical circuits, said indirectly heated cathode being mechanically distinct from said rectifying means, a translating device for translating current variations delivered from the last electron discharge devices of the cascade in said apparatus into sound and having field producing means, means electrically connectingsaid fieldproducing means to.a number of said electrical circuits, whereby'said last named number of electrical circuits supplies rectified potential to said field producing means from said current supply means, and means connecting the cold electrodes of a plurality of said discharge devices to a number of said electrical circuits, whereby said last mentioned cold electrodes are supplied with rectified potential from said current supply means through a number of said electrical circuits.

13. In a radio receiving system, the combination of a source of operating current, a plurality,

of electrical circuits having a common electrically conductive portion and including rectifying means supplied from said source, said electrical circuits having a plurality of positive output terminals one terminal being supplied from an electrode of said rectifying means. distinct from that supplying another positive output terminal, amplifying and detecting means including a plurality of cooperating electron discharge devices having cathode and anode electrodes, a number of said discharge devices having an indirectly heated cathode and an anode connected to one of said electrical circuits and having its electrodes mechanically distinct from any element of said rectifying means, another of said discharge devices having an anode conductively connectedto one of said electrical circuits and supplied therefrom, and a translating device having an armature coil supplied from the output of one of said discharge devices and having a field winding conductively connected to one ofsaid electrical circuits and supplied therefrom.

19. In a radio receiving system, the combination of an electron discharge device having electrodes including cathode, anode and grid, an electrodynamic loud-speaker device having an actuating coil and a field winding, means mechanically distinct from all the electrodes of said discharge device to effect a flow of current in said field winding and in said discharge device, a conductive impedance having at least a portion in, shunt to said fieldv winding, and connections between at least two of the electrodes of said discharge device and points, at least one of which is intermediate between the terminals of said impedance, between which points exists the potential difference applied between said last mentioned electrodes.

20. In a radio receiving system, the combination of a plurality of electron discharge devices having thermionic cathodes and a plurality of' cold electrodes; an electrodynamic sound reproducer having a movable coil and a field winding, means mechanically distinct from all the electrodes of said discharge devices for effecting a fiow of direct current in said field winding and for supplying operating potential to a cold electrode of certain at least of said discharge devices, conductive impedance means having at least a portion in.shunt to said field winding, and con- .nections from the cold electrodes of certain at least of said discharge devices to points of said impedance means at potentials suitably different in magnitude from that applied across said field winding.

21. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combination of a plurality of electron discharge devices having thermionic cathodes and a plurality ofcold electrodes, an electrodynamic sound reproducer having an actuating coil and a. field winding, means mechanically distinct from the electrodes of said discharge'devices for efiecting a fiow of direct current in said field winding and for supplying operating potential to a cold electrode of certain at least of said discharge devices, conductive impedance means having at least a portion in shuntto said field winding, a connection from one side of said field winding to the cathodes of certain at least of said discharge devices, and connections between the cold electrodes of certain at least of said discharge devices and certain points of said impedance means, whereby an operating voltage is applied between the cathode and a cold electrode of one at least of said discharge devices different from that applied between the cathode and the cold electrode of another of said discharge devices.

22. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combination of an electron discharge device having a plurality of electrodes, an electrodynamic translating device having field producing means, means mechanically distinct from the electrodes of said discharge device for energizing said field producing means and said discharge device, a resistance having at least a portion in shunt to saidffield producing means, and a conductive connection from one of said electrodes to a point between the terminals of said resistance.

23. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combination of an electron discharge device havingelectrodes, an electrodynamic translating device having field producing means, means mechanically distinct from the electrodes of said discharge device for energizing said field producing means and at least one of the said electrodes, and a resistance device having at least a portion in shunt to said field producing means and having a tap conductively connected, to one of said electrodes.

24. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combination of a plurality of electron discharge devices having electrodes, an electrodynamic sound reproducer having field producing means, means me- 100 chanically distinct from the electrodesof said discharge devices for energizing said field producing means and certain at least of said discharge devices, resistance means having at least a portion in shunt to said field producing means, and tapped 105 appropriately to supply with electricity a plurality of said electrodes.

25. In combination, a radio receiver including a plurality of electron discharge devices having electrodes provided with circuits, an electrody- 110 namic sound reproducer having field producing means, and conductive impedance means having at least a portion in shunt to said field producing means and being tapped appropriately to serve asa voltage divider for said' circuits.

26. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combination of a source of current, amplifying and detecting means including a plurality of electron discharge devices, rectifying means mechanically distinct from the electrodes of said discharge devices and supplied from said source, an electrodynamic sound reproducer having field producing means, conductive impedance means connected to said rectifying means and supplied from said source, connections betweensaid field producing means and points, one of which is intermediate the terminals of said impedance means, between which points exists a potential difierence applied to said field producing means, and means between said impedance means and a number of said discharge devices for energizing the same from said source.

27. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combination of amplifying and detecting means including a plurality of thermionic devices having cathode and anode electrodes, the cathode of a number of said thermionic devices being an indirectly heated cathode, a source of alternating current, rectifying means supplied from said source, impedance means connected to said rectifying means and to certain at least of said thermionic devices for supplying suitable anode potential in said apparatus fom said source through said rectifying means, a translating device having a movable coil supplied from the output of said apparatus and having field producing means actuated substantially independently of the heating current energizing the cathodes of said thermionic devices, and means mechanically distinct from the means designed to supply cathode heating current to said rectifying means conductively connecting said source to said field producing means through said rectifying means.v

28. In a radio receiving apparatus, the combination of a source of current, detecting and amplifying means including a plurality of space discharge devices, rectifying means supplied from said source, a translating device having a movable coil actuated from the output of a space discharge device in said. apparatus and having a field winding, resistance means connected to said rectifying means and to certain at least of said discharge devices, means conductively connecting one side of said field winding and one side of said resistance means to one point of said source, and means conductively connecting a second side of said field winding and a second side of said resistance means to another point of said source independently of the filaments of said discharge devices, whereby said source supplies current to said field winding and positive anode potential in said apparatus.

29. In a radio receivingsystem, the combination of variable current supply means, an electrical circuit including current converting means supplied from said current supply means, amplifying and detecting means including a plurality of cooperating electron discharge devices having cathode and anode electrodes, a number of said discharge devices having an indirectly heated cathode connected to an anode by an anode circuit, a translating device adapted to be actuated from one of said discharge devices and having field producing means, said current converting means being connected to said field producing means and to the anode electrodes of certainat least of said discharge devices, and a condenser connected across the terminals of said field producing means, whereby "said current supply means supplies simultaneously current to said field producing means and positive anode potential in said apparatus.

30. In a radio receiving system, the combination of alternating current supply means, current converting means supplied from said current supply means, amplifying and detecting means including a plurality of cooperatingelectron discharge devices having cathode and anode electrodes, anumber ofsaid discharge devices having an produciugmeans and the cathode and anode electrodes of a plurality of said electron discharge devices, and means mechanically distinct from the means designed to supply cathode heating current to said current converting means conductively connecting said current supply means to said current converting means and said field producing means, whereby both said field producing means and the anodes of a plurality of said electron discharge devices are simultaneously supplied from said alternating current supply means through said current converting means.

31. In combination, a radio receiver including an electr'ondischarge device having a cathode and a screen grid, a power source for supplying potential to at least said grid, and an electrodynamic translating device having a field winding connected to said power source and having a tap connected to the said grid to maintain it at a suitable potential with respect to said cathode, said field winding being energized from said power source. I

32. In combination, a radio receiver including an electron discharge device having a screen grid and a plurality of other electrodes, a power source for supplying voltage to at least one of said electrodes, and an electrodynamic sound reproducer having a field winding connected to said power source, said field winding having a tap connected 'to' said screen grid for maintaining a voltage difierence between said grid and a second electrode of said discharge device from said power source, said field winding acting as a filter for the electricity supplied to at least one of the electrodes of said discharge device.

33. In combination, a radio receiver including an electron discharge device having a cathode and a screen grid, a power source for supplying potential to at least said screen grid, and an electrodynamic translating device having a field winding connected to said power source and energized therefrom, and a connection between said screen grid and said field winding whereby said screen grid is supplied with potential from said power source .through said field winding.

34. In combination, a radio receiver including an electron discharge device having a screen grid and a plurality of other electrodes, a power source for supplying voltage to at leastone of said electrodes, and an electrodynamic sound reproducer having a field winding connected to said power source, and means-conductively connecting said field winding to said screen grid for maintaining a voltage difierence between said screen grid and a second electrode of said discharge device from said power source, said field winding acting as a filter for the electricity supplied to said screen grid.

ARISTOTE MAVROGENIS.

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