US1951065A - Pneumatic rock drilling machine - Google Patents

Description

March 13, 1934.

E. RYD 1,951,065 PNEUMATIC ROCK DRILLING MACHINE Filed Oct. 3, 1931 2 Sheats-$heet 1 March 13, 1934. E. RYD 1,951,065

PNEUMATIC ROCK DRILLING MACHINE Filed Oct. 3, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Z L W in said cylinder.

Patented Mar. 13, 1934 PNEoMATio noon DRILLING MACHINE Erik Ryd, Stockholm,

Sweden, assignor to Aktiebolaget Atlas Diesel, Stockholm, Sweden Application October 3, 1931,. Serial No. 566,760 In Sweden September 12, 1930 17 Claims.

The present invention relates to pneumatic rock drilling machines of the stoper type in which the feeding device consists of a stationary air cylinder and a feeding piston movable In pneumatic rock chilling machines attempts have been made to construct automatically operated feeding devices. These attempts, however, were made upon drifters, that is, machines which are supported by a shell and fed on guides, usually by means of a screw. Rock drilling machines of this type are very heavy and it not possible for one single man to manipulate the machine when it shall be moved from one bore-hole to another. The result of the operation of such machines was uneconomical because the working capacity of the laborers necessary for the moving of the machine between the bore-holes could not be entirely utilized during the drilling.

The main object of the present invention is to produce a pneumatic rock drilling machine which makes it possible to reduce the greatest expense item of rock drilling to a minimum by reducing the amount of labor necessary for the drilling.

A further object of the invention is to produce a pneumatic roclt drilling machine in which the consumption of air under pressure is reduced.

Further objects will appear in the following specification and in the claims.

According to the present invention pneumatic rock drilling machines of the stoper type are combined with a change-over valve which is adapted to automatically effect the reversal of the feeding device at a definite point of the advancing movement. Said change-over valve is operated by means of the driving medium of the machine, and may also be adapted to throttle the supply of the driving medium to the striking mechanism during the returning movement of the machine.

The invention will be more fully described with reference to the annexed drawings, in which:

1 shows one embodiment of the invention in longitudinal section and Figs. 2 and 3 sections on the broken lines II1I and III-Jill respectively, in F g. 1, showing details of the changeover means. Fig. l shows the same section as 3, but in another setting position. Fig. 5 shows a section on the broken line VV in Fig. l, but in another setting position. Fig. 6 shows the change-over means and adjacent parts of the machine, in the same section as Fig. 1, but on a larger scale. Fig. 7 shows the same section as Fig. 6, but in another setting position.

Referring now to Fig. l of the drawings the machine consists in a well-known manner, of a cylinder or casing l for the striking mechanism and a piston 2 which is movable in said cylin er and, by an intermediate piece 3, operates ti tool 4; in the tool-holder. The tool or the tool-holder may be rotated in any suitable w'eihlinown manner not illustrated. The movement of the piston is regulated by an oscillating slide-valve 5 of well-known construction, provided in a valve box 6 which on one side carries the cylinder and on the other side a piston rod 7. This rod is provided at its outer end with a piston '78 snugly fitting in the feeding cylinder 79 which is attached to the frame of the machine in a suitable manner and at its foremost end is finished by a box 16 having packing means to form a seal around the piston rod.

According to the invention a rotatable cock plug 11 provided in the valve box 6 at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the machine, said plug having a bore 12 open at the one end and connected directly to the supply conduit 8 attached by means of a nut 9. In said bore 12 reciprocates a sleeve shaped changeover slide valve 13. When the valve 13 occupies the lower position, that is the position shown in Figs. 1 and 6, a channel 14 leading to the regulating valve 5 for the striking mechanism is open, and so is also a channel 15 leading to a central bore 16 provided in the piston rod 7 and discharging into that portion of the cylinder chamber which lies behind the feeding piston 78, that is on the advancing or feeding side of the piston.

The portion of the cylinder chamber lying in front of the feeding piston, that is the returning side, is connected on one hand to the atmosphere by an outlet channel 7 in the piston rod, said channel communicating via an aperture 18 in the valve box 6 (Figs. 1 and 6) with a recess 19 between the rotatable plug 11 and the change-over slide valve 13 which, in its turn, communicates with the atmosphere through an aperture 20 in the valve box (Fig. 2). On the other hand the returning side of the feeding piston is connected through a channel 21, an aperture 22 in the valve box and a groove 23 having an aperture 24 in the rotatable plug to an intermediate space 25 between said plug and the lower end side of the change-over valve, which space is separated from the bore in the change-over valve by a central pin projecting into said valve. Thus, the normal atmospheric pressure prevails in the space 25 as a result of the connection to the outlet channel 17, when the rotatable plug 11 is opened for supplying the driving medium to the regulating valve of the striking mechanism.

When the change-over valve occupies the advancing or feeding position shown in Figs. 1 and 6, the driving medium passes through the upper portion of the bore 12, partly to the reg u:-

lating valve 5 of the striking mechanism and partly through the channel 15, 16 to the advancing side of the piston 78 which in this way will be forced forwards at the same time as the machine is started. The air in the cylinder chamber in the front of the piston thereby escapesthrough the channel 1'7. When the opening of this channel passes in under the front end wall.

of the cylinder chamber, formed by the box 10, said chamber will be disconnected from the atmosphere. Subsequently this foremost cylinder chamber is brought into communication with the cylinder chamber behind the piston 78 through a by-pass conduit 26 provided in the box 10. The driving medium flowing in through the channel 16 consequently will pass through the channel 26, the channel 21, discharging closely by the piston 78, the channel 22, the groove 23 and the aperture 24, to the space 25 beneath the valve 13. Thus, the channels 15, 16, 26, 21, 22, the groove 23, and the aperture 24 form a by-pass conduit between the two end sides of the valve 13. Because the end side of the valve 13, facing this space 25 is formed with a greater area than that of the end side facing the supply conduit 8, said valve will be displaced to its returning position by the driving medium flowing in from the channel 21. c

When the change-over valve 13 is in its returning position, shown in Fig. '7, it will cut off the supply to the regulating valve 5 and to the channel 16 and close the aperture 18 which is connected to the outlet channel 17. In this position the lower end of a channel 27, closed during the advancing movement, is open, said channel being provided in the central pin projecting from the bottom of the rotatable plug into the change-over valve. The driving'medium will then pass through this channel 27 into the recess 19 in the rotatable plug beneath the valve, and further through the aperture 22 into the channel 21 to the cylinder chamber in front of the feeding piston '78 which thereby will be moved backwards. The air in the cylinder chamber behind the piston then flows out through the channels 16 and 15, a groove 28 in the rotatable plug passing round the change-over valve, and flows through the channel 14 leading to the regulating valve. When the machine is entirely returned to its rear-most position the rotatable plug 11 will be turned by hand to the position shown in Figs. 4 and 5. In this position the groove 23 is in connection with the channel 29 discharging into the atmosphere, so that the intermediate space 25 will be emptied and the change-over valve will be returned to its advancing position due to the action of the driving medium flowing in through the supply conduit 8. Further, in said position (Fig, 5) the supply is cut off to the channels 14 and 15. By turning the rotatable plug 11 back to its initial position (Fig. 3) the original conditions may be restored to start the striking and advancing mechanisms again.

In order to make it possible to stop the advancing movement and the striking mechanism atany movement during said movement a manually operated pin 30 is slidable in the rotatable plug and arranged in such manner, that by moving the same inwards the change-over valve 13 may be actuated and brought to its returning position, when desired.

It is understood that the invention is not restricted to the embodiments described and illustrated. Particularly the change-over member as Well as the advancing and returning channels connected thereto may be arranged in many different ways. Further, the invention is applicable to all types of pneumatic rock drilling machines independent of the construction of the striking mechanism.

What I claim is:

1. In a pneumatic rock drilling machine, a striking mechanism, a stationary cylinder, a feeding piston movable in said cylinder and attached at its foremost end to said striking mechanism, a supply conduit connected to said cylinder for thedriving medium of the machine, and a change-over valve in said conduit operated by means of the driving medium and adapted to. reverse said feeding piston automatically at a definite position of the advancing movement of said piston for returning said striking mechanism to -its initial position.

2. In a pneumatic rock drilling machine, a striking mechanism, a stationary cylinder, a feeding piston movable in said cylinder and attached at its foremost end to said striking mechanism, a supply conduit connected to said cylinder for the driving medium of the machine, a change-over valve in said conduit operated by means of the driving medium and adapted to reverse said feeding piston automatically at a definite position of the advancing movement of said piston for returning said striking mechanism to its initial position, and a manually operated rotatable cock plug controlling the supply of the driving medium to said change-over valve and to said striking mechanism.

3. In a pneumatic rock drilling machine, a striking mechanism, a. stationary cylinder, a feeding piston movable in said cylinder and attached at its foremost end to said striking mechanism, a supply conduit connected to said cylinder for the driving medium of the machine, a change-over valve in said conduit operated by means of the driving medium and adapted to reverse said feeding piston automatically at a definite position of the advancing movement of said piston for returning said striking mechanism to its initial position, and a manually operated rotatable cock plug controlling the supply of the driving medium to said change-over valve and to said striking mechanism, said plug forming a casing for said change-over valve.

4. In a pneumatic rock. drilling machine, a striking, mechanism, a stationary cylinder, a feeding piston movable in said cylinder and attached at its foremost endto said striking mechanism, a supply conduit connected to said cylinder for the driving medium of the machine, and a change-over valve in said conduit operated by means of the driving medium and adapted to reverse said feeding piston automatically at a definite position of the advancing movement of said piston for returning said striking mechanism to its initial position and also adapted to throttle the supply of the driving medium to said striking mechanism during the returning movement of the same.

5. In a pneumatic rock drilling machine, a striking mechanism, a stationary cylinder, a feeding piston movable in said cylinder and attached at its foremost end tosaid striking mechanism, a supply conduit connected to said cylinder for the driving medium of the machine, a change-over valve in said conduit operated by means of. the driving medium and adapted to reverse. said feeding piston automatically at a definite position of the advancing movement of said piston for returning said striking mechanism to its intial position, and, in addition thereto, a manually operated means for actuating said change-over member to reverse said feeding piston to its initial position when desired.

6. In a pneumatic rock drilling machine, a striking mechanism, a stationary cylinder, a feeding piston movable in said cylinder and attached at its foremost end to said striking mechanism, a supply conduit connected to said cylinder for the driving medium of the machine, a change-over valve in said conduit adapted to reverse said feeding piston, said valve having two oppositely disposed surfaces, a by-pass channel between said two surfaces connected with said supply conduit and adapted to be controlled by said feeding piston for changing over said valve automaticallly by means of the driving medium at a definite position of the advancing movement of said feeding piston.

7. In a pneumatic r ck drilling machine, a striking mechanism, a stationary cylinder, a feeding piston movable in said cylinder and attached at its foremost end to said striking mechanism, a casing between said feeding piston and said striking mechanism, a valve in said casing movable between two end positions, said valve having a large and a small surface on opposite sides thereof, a supply conduit for said driving medium connected with said casing at the small surface of said valve, one of the end positions of said valve allowing the driving medium to flow in at this small surface to advance said feeding piston, and a by-pass conduit between said surfaces adapted to be opened by said feeding piston when said piston has completed its advancing movement, to supply the driving medium to said large surface for changing over said valve to the other of its end positions causing the driving medium to return said feeding piston.

8. In a pneumatic rock drilling machine, a striking mechanism, a stationary cylinder, a feeding piston movable in said cylinder and attached at its foremost end to said striking mechanism, a casing between said feedingpiston and said striking mechanism, channels from said casing to the advancing side and to the returning side of said piston, a valve in said casing movable between two end positions to connect said channels alternately with a supply conduit for the driving medium and the atmosphere, one small surface on said valve at the inlet of said supply conduit into said casing, an opposite large surface on said valve, and a by-pass conduit between said surfaces of the valve adapted to be opened by said feeding piston when said feeding piston has completed its advancing movement in relation to said cylinder, to supply said driving medium to said greater surface for changing over said valve.

9. In a pneumatic rock drilling machine, a striking mechanism, a stationary cylinder, a feeding piston movable in said cylinder and attached at its foremost end to said striking mechanism, a casing between said feeding piston and said striking mechanism, a supply conduit for the driving medium connected with said casing, channels from said casing to the advancing side and to the returning side of said piston, a valve in said casing movable between two end positions to connect said channels alternately with said supply conduit and the atmosphere, said valve having a small surface at the inlet of said supply conduit into said casing, said casing having an opening at the same side of said valve as said small surface controlled by said valve and leading to said striking mechanism, said valve having an oppositely disposed large surface, and a by-pass conduit between said surfaces of the valve adapted to be opened by said feeding piston, when said feeding piston has completed its advancing movement in relation to said cylinder, to supply said driving medium to said large surface for changing over said valve.

10. In a pneumatic rock drilling machine, a striking mechanism, a stationary cylinder, a feeding piston movable in said cylinder and attached at its foremost end to said striking mechanism, a casing between said feeding piston and said striking mechanism, a supply conduit for the driving medium connected with said casing, channels from said casing to the advancing side and to the returning side of said piston, a valve in said casing movable between two end positions to connect said channels alternately with said supply conduit and the atmosphere, said valve having a small surface at the inlet of said supply conduit into said casing and an oppositely disposed large surface, a by-pass conduit in said cylinder to connect the two sides of said piston, when the latter has finished its advancing movement in relation to said cylinder, and a further channel from the returning side of said piston to said large surface to supply said driving medium to said large surface for changing over said valve, when said by-pass conduit is opened.

11. in a pneumatic rock drilling machine, a striking mechanism, a stationary cylinder, a feeding piston movable in said cylinder and attached at its foremost end to said striking mechanism, a housing between said feeding piston and said striking mechanism, in said housing a manually rotatable cock plug in the shape of a casing, a supply conduit for the driving medium connected with said plug, channels from said housing to the advancing side and to the returning side of said piston, said housing having an opening leading to said striking mechanism, apertures in said plug registering with said channels and said opening in one position of said plug, in said plug a valve slidable between two end positions to connect said channels alternately with said supply conduit and the atmosphere and also to connect said opening to said striking mechanism with said supply conduit, when said plug is in said registering position, said valve having a small surface at the inlet of said supply conduit into said plug and an oppositely disposed large surface, said surface communicating with said returning side in said registering position of said plug and communicating with the atmosphere after said plug has been turned, and a by-pass conduit in said cylinder to connect the two sides of said piston, when the latter has finished its advancing movement in relation to said cylinder, to supply said driving medium to said large surface for changing over said valve, when said by-pass conduit thus is opened.

12. In a pneumatic rock drilling machine, a striking mechanism, a stationary cylinder, a feeding piston movable in said cylinder and attached at its foremost end to said striking mechanism, a housing between said feeding piston and said striking mechanism, in said housing a manually rotatable cock plug in the shape of a casing, a supply conduit for the driving medium connected with said plug, channels from said housing to the advancing side and to the returning side of said piston, said housing having an opening leading to said striking mechanism, said plug having apertures, registering with said channels and said opening in one position of said plug, in said plug a valve slidable between two end positions to connect said channels alternately with said supply conduit and the atmos-' phere and also to connect said opening to said striking mechanism with said supply conduit, when said plug is in said registering position, said valve having a small surface at the inlet of said supply conduit into said plug and an oppositely disposed large surface, said large surface communicating with said returning side in said registering position of said plug and communicating with the atmosphere after said plug has been turned, a by-pass conduit in said cylinder to connect the two sides of said piston, whenthe latter has finished its advancing movement in relation to said cylinder, to supply the driving medium to said large surface for changing over said valve, when said by-pass conduit thus is opened; and a manually operated pin slidable in said plug and adapted to move said changeover member to' its returning position, when desired.

13. In a pneumatic rock drilling machine, a striking mechanism, a feeding device comprising a cylinder and a piston, one of these two parts of said device being stationary and the other being movable and attached to said striking mechanism, a supply conduit connected to said cylinder for the driving medium of the machine, and a change-over valve in said conduit operated by means of the driving medium and adapted to reverse said feeding device automatically at a definite position of the advancing movement of said feeding device for returning said striking mechanism to its initial position.

14. In a pneumatic rock drilling machine, a striking mechanism, a feeding device comprising a cylinder and a piston, one of these two parts of said device being stationary and the other part being movable and attached to said striking mechanism, a supply conduit connected to said cylinder for the driving medium of the machine, and a change-over valve in said conduit operated by means of the driving medium and adapted to reverse said feeding: device automatically at a definite position of the advancing movement of said feeding device for returning said striking mechanism to its initialposition and also adapted to throttle the supply of the driving medium to said striking mechanism during the returning movement of the'same.

15. In a pneumatic rock drilling-machine, a striking mechanism, a cylinder, a feeding piston in said cylinder, a casing, a supply conduit for the driving medium connected with said casing, channels'from said casing to the advancing side and to the returning side of said piston,-a valve in said casing movable between two end positions to connect said channels alternately with said supply conduit and the atmosphere, one smaller surface on said valve at the inlet of said supply conduit into said casing, in said casing at the same side of said valvea's said smaller surface an opening controlled by said valve and leading to said striking mechanism, an opposite greater surface on said valve, a by-pass conduit from'said advancing side of said piston to said greater surface, and means for opening said by-pass conduit, when said feeding piston has completed its advancing movement in relation to said cylinder, to supply said driving medium to said greater surface for changing over said valve.

16. In a pneumatic rock drilling machine, a striking mechanism, a cylinder, a feeding piston in said cylinder, a housing secured to said piston, in said housing a rotatable plug, a supply conduit for the driving medium connected With said plug, channels from said housing to the advancing side' and to' the returning side of said piston, an opening in said housing leading to said striking mechanism, apertures in said plug registering witlrsaid-channels and said opening in one position of said plug," said plug serving as a casing for a valve" slidable between two end positions to connectsaid channels alternately with said supply conduit and the atmosphere and also to connect said opening to said striking mechanism with said suplpy conduit, when said plug is in said registering position, one smaller surface on said valve at the inlet of said supply conduit into said plug, an opposite greater surface on said valve, communicating Withsaid returning side in said registering position of said plug and communicating with the atmosphere, after said plug has been turned, and a by-pass" conduit in said cylinder to connect the two sides of said piston, when the latter has finished its advancing movement in relation to said cylinder, to supply said driving medium to said greater surface for changing over said valve, when said by-pass conduit thus is opened;

17. In a pneumatic rock drilling machine, a striking mechanism, a cylinder, a feeding piston in said cylinder, a housing secured to said piston, in said housing a rotatable plug, a'

supply conduit for the driving medium con nected with said plug, channels from said housing to the advancing side and to the returning side of said piston, anop'ening in said housing leading to said striking mechanism, apertures in said plug registering with said channels and said opening in one position of said plug, said plug serving as a casing for a valve slidable between two end positions to connect said channels alternately with said supply conduit and the atmosphere and also to connect said opening to said striking mechanism with said supply conduit, when said plug is in said registering position, one smaller surface on said valve at the inlet of said supply conduit-"into said plug, an opposite greater surface on'said valve, communicating with said returning side in said registering position of said plug and communc'atin'g with the atmosphere, after said plug has been turned, a bypass conduit in said cylinder to connect the two sides" of said piston, when the latter has finished its advancing movement in" relation to said cylinder, to supply said driving medium to said greater surface'for changing over said valve, when said by-pass conduit thus is opened, and a manua-lly operated pin slidable in said plug and adapted to move said change-over member to its returning position, when desired.

ERIK RYD.

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