US1948214A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

G. HOFMANN 1,948,214

FURNACE Feb. 20, 1934.

Filed June 25, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 UH HI Gear 6 jf0f777a7172,

{Ma 4% 77w? Feb. 20, 1934. HOFMANN 1,948,214

FURNACE Filed June 25, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 fTz/rlforr Feb. 20, 1934. 1,948,214

G. HOFMANN ruamcs Filed June 25, .1931' 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 J72 z/enfor: Georfe j-[0f772i2n72,

Patented Feb. 20, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Claims.

My invention relates more particularly, though not exclusively, to boiler furnaces of the general construction shown in my U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,727,599 granted September 10, 1929,

5' and involving a boiler portion, a deflector for the fuel such as for example oil, which is so shaped that the burning fuel directed along its undersurface is deflected laterally outwardly in separated streams to flow upwardly around the deflector and preferably against the lower side walls of the boiler portion, and a second deflector at the rear of the first-referred-to deflector which operates to direct in a forward direction and over the flrst-referred-to deflector,

for consumption by the burning fuel rising around the latter, unburned fuel which passes beyond this deflector.

My primary object is to provide improvements in furnaces of this general construction to the end of augmenting the complete combustion of the fuel, utilizing to the maximum extent for water-heating purposes the heat units generated by the consumption of the fuel; and generally to render more efficient the operation of the boiler.

Referring to the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a view in longitudinal sectional elevation of a furnace embodying my invention, the section being taken at the line 1-1 on Fig. 2 and viewed in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 2 is a crosssectional view of the furnace the section being taken at the line 2-2 on Fig. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrows; and

Figure 3, a plan sectional view of the furnace, the section being taken at the line 3-3 on Fig. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrows.

Referring to the particular illustrated embodiment of my invention, the boiler proper comprises a hollow, substantially rectangular in plan, double wall structure 4, the bottom of which is curved crosswise of its length as represented at 5, presenting a water chamber 6 continuous around the four sides of the structure 4 and across its bottom throughout its length the space provided within the confines of the water chamber 6 constituting a combustion chamber 7.

The upper end of the structure closed by a top wall 8 is surmounted by a cylindrical boiler portion 9 constituting another part of the boiler proper, the lower wall 10 of which forms the top of the combustion chamber 7, the upper ends of the side portions of the water chamber 6 and constituting water-legs being in communication with the lower portion of the boiler-portion 9 as by pipes 11 opening into the boiler portion 9 below the water level maintained therein in the operation of the furnace.

12 represents a pipe through which the fuel, such as a mixture of oil and air, for. operating the furnace is introduced into the combustion chamber 7, and located in this chamber in a, position to be heated by the burning fuel is a hollow deflector 13 of the general construction shown in said patent and providing an under surface in the form of a keel 14 which is indirect alinement with the outlet of pipe 12 and serves in the substantially horizontal travel of the burning fuel to cause the stream of burning fuel to be divided and laterally deflected in opposite directions toward, and preferablyagainst, the curved side walls of the bottom portion of the combustion chamber 7 throughout substantially the full length of the deflector, the burning fuel rising around the deflector at opposite sides thereof.

Extending entirely across the combustion chamber 7 to the rear of the deflector 13 is an arc-shaped deflector 15 of hollow form to afford a water chamber 16. The deflector which is so positioned as shown that its concave face 17 faces toward the deflector 13, extends from the bottom of the combustion chamber 7 at a point forward of the rear end of the deflector 13, to a point considerably above, and in front of, the rear end of the deflector 13 and in partially embracing relationship thereto as shown.

The deflector 15 serves to deflect upwardly and forwardly to a position over the top of the deflector 13 and thus into the burning fuel rising around the sides of the deflector 13 such of the unburned fuel as may pass beyond the rear end of the deflector 13 thereby effecting burning of such fuel.

The deflector 15 is set forward of, and in spaced relation to, the rear wall 18 of the boiler structure and between the forward upper end of the deflector 15 and the wall 18 is a deflector plate 19 which depends from the under side of the boiler portion 9 in a downwardly and rearwardly direction which serves to deflect downwardly against the rear wall of the deflector 15, the burning fuel as it flows rearwardly over the top of the deflector 15, the burning fuel thus impinging against the rear wall 18.

The stack in this construction and represented at 20 extends vertically through the boiler-portion 9 and thus through the water in the latter, the lower end of this stack opening through the no top of the combustion chamber I as shown to the rear of the deflector 19, the hot products of combustion from the burning fuel discharging upwardly therethrough and imparting much of the heat therein to the water surrounding the stack 20.

The deflectors l3 and 15, thus provided as water containers, as well asv the water-chamber walls of the combustion chamber 7 and the underside of the boiler portion 9 are subjected to the intense heat of the burning fuel and the water thus heated in these deflectors and the side wall chamber of the combustion chamber 7 and particularly superheated to a high degree in the deflectors l3 and 15, flows into the boiler portion 9, the water from the side-wall chambers of the combustion chamber flowing into the boiler portion 9 through the pipes 11.

To provide for the supplying of water to the deflectors 13 and 15 and permit of the flow of water from these deflectors into the boiler portion 9, I connect the deflector 13, at its lower, front, end with a pipe 21 and the lower end of the deflector 15 with a pipe 22 leading from any suitable source of water, these pipes by way of example connecting with .a pipe 23 constitute ing the return line of the boiler, in the case of a steam boiler, as shown, the condensate return line; the upper rear end of the deflector 13 nected with a pair of pipes 25 which extend upwardly through the bottom of the boiler portion 9 and into the water therein, the upper open ends ofthe pipes 24 and 25 opening into T- heads 26 and27 submerged in the water in the boiler portion 9 and open at the opposite 1 directions from each of the heads 26 and 27 into the body of water in the boiler portion 9, below the upper surface of this body.

The water chamber 6 is also connected with a supply of water, the supply in the particular construction shown comprising the condensate returned to'the boiler through the-pipe 23, this i combustion on the one hand and the water of the boiler onthe other hand, is effected, and that by providing for the flow of the superheated water from the. deflectors 13 and 15 into the body of water of the boiler portion 9 below the level of this body of water, as described, the

utilization of this heated water is effected to the maximum degree.

While I have illustrated and described a particular construction embodying my invention, I do not wish to be understood as intending to limit it thereto as the same may be variously modified and altered without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, ist

1. A furnace comprising a boiler portion, a

yond said first-named deflector, and a rearwardly and downwardly inclined deflector at the top of said combustion chamber positioned adjacent said second deflector for deflecting the hot fluid downwardly against said deflector.

2. A furnacecoinprising a lower boiler portion comprising chambered side wall portions and a bottom portion containing a cross chamber in communication with the chambers in said side wall portions, said side wall portions and said bottom connecting portion forming the side walls and bottom of a combustion chamber and an upper tank portion in communication below the water level therein with the side chambers of said lower boiler portion, a deflector, in the form of a watercontainer, in said chamber and shaped to cause burning fuel flowing along the underside of said deflector to be divided into streams and deflected laterally in opposite directions toward the side walls of the chamber, a second deflector, in the form of a water container, in the rear of said first-named deflector for deflecting forwardly over said first-named deflector unburned fuel flowing rearwardly beyond said first-named deflector, and pipes leading from said deflectors and opening into the water in said upper tank portion below the level of the water therein.

3. A furnace comprising a lower boiler portion comprising chambered side wall portions and a bottom portion containing a cross chamber in communication with the chambers in said inc side wall portions, said side wall portions and.

said bottom connecting portion forming the side walls and bottom of a combustion chamber and an upper tank portion in communication below the water level therein with the side chambers of said lower boiler portion, a deflector, in the form of a water container, in said chamber and shaped to cause burning fuel flowing along the underside of said deflectorrto be divided into streams and deflected laterally in opposite directions toward the side walls of the chamber,

asecond deflector, in the form of a water container, in the rearof said first-named deflector for deflecting forwardly over said first-named deflector unburned fuel flowing rearwardly beyond said first-named deflector, and pipes leading from said deflectors and each pipe having .openings discharging in different directions into the water in said upper tank portion below the level of the water therein.

4. A furnace comprising a combustion chamber, a boiler portion above said chamber, a stack opening downwardly into said combustion chamber and extending through said boiler portion in position to be surrounded by the water in said boiler portion, a deflector, in the form of a water container, in said chamber and shaped tainer, in the rear of said first-named deflector for deflecting forwardly over said first-named deflector unburned fuel flowing rearwardly beyond said first-named deflector, and a rearwardly and downwardly inclined deflector at the top of said combustion chamber positioned in front of said stack and adjacent said second deflector for deflecting the hot fluid downwardly against said second deflector.

5. A furnace comprising an elongated boiler drum portion, a combustion chamber beneath said drum portion, a deflector in the form of a water container in said chamber and shaped to cause burning fuel to pass along the underside of said deflector toward the rear, a second GEORGE HOFMANN.

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