US1836395A - Stoker tuyere construction - Google Patents

Description

Dec. l5, 1931. c. H. RlcH STOKER TUYERE CONSTRUCTION Filed July 25. 1927 INVENTOR CARL A( HMH BY @MQW ATTOR Y WITNESSES @,fmb

e 1+. @zu-mv Patented Dec. 15, 1931 cent n. nien, or WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, assionon Toni-LEY STonnn conronaTron, or Woncnsrnn, MASSACHUSETTS, a conronaTion" rin-MASSACHUSETTS meenemen cementerios Applicatie?. ruea July a5,

My invention relates to stokers and more particularly to high side wall tu'yresoi' the type shown in the U. S. patent to Blackburn #ricerca er Jan. 24, 1922., l

The high side wallV tuyere of the type shown in the Blackburn patent is a looX-like structure mounted to rest on the Astationary side Wall of a retort and to lean against and be fastened to the brick side wall of the furnace. Such a construction is not adaptable to a stoker of theRiley type in which the tuyeres are reciprocated longitudinally oiff the retort. lt is, accordingly, one 'object of this invention to provide, a high side wall tuyere construction which may he mounted on the reciprocable side hars of a stoker.

lt is desirable to utilize a narrow pla-te type oi tuyere which may be easily manufactured and quickly assembled in the stoker, and it is a iur-ther object of this invention to provide a Stoker construction in which a series of plates may he lutilized for the high side wall tuyeres and which will serve efficiently through a long life of usefulness.

lf a Vconsiderable number of such narrow plates are utilized to form the side wall of the Stoker', due allowancemust be made for expansion and growth of the tuyre plates during the heating and normal usage thereof.l The side bars of a Stoker ordinarily slope towards they rear and'ifplates are mounted loosely on such sidevbars and are of i such a size asto permitthenecessary eXpansion and growth, then these plates will slide towards the lower end of the stoker and leave a large air gap at the upperfendwhich wlll interfere with the zehcientfoperation of `the Stoker. lt is, accordingly, al further ob]ect of the invention toprovidea construction which will locate thev tuyre plates in such a manner that each will be given the proper mount of space within which to expand and grow and there will loe no large air gap throughout the extent ot the Stoker Wall;

A further object is to provide a plate type of tuyre which will have a long life and particularly to provide one in which the outer portion of `the tuyre may burn' away and yet i927. Senn No. 208,250.

air leakage to any detrimental 'eXtent will be obviated l lf a plate type of tuyere is utilizedv and particularly if it is mounted on a reciprocating side bar, there is a considerableproblem involved in so fastening these plates to their support Athat they Ymay loe-easily replaced when they burn out.

l Further objects of this invention are accordingly to provide a very simple manner of fastening the tiiyeie plates in position so that it is possible toV remove any plate throughout the entire extent-oit' the wall and to replace it without removing other plates or moving them into a different position and, f

FigfQ'is an enlarged section on the line 2 2 of Fig. l;

Fig.- 3 is av perspective View of a group o 'tuyre plates mounted in position, part being omitted to show the manner of fastening them to their' support;

Y Fig;r Llis aipe'rspective viewV ,oi aV single 'tuyre plate;" v Y Fig. 5 is an enlarged plan view Vor the corii rugated lisupprting plate.; and

voithe rear supporting wall which carrie's'tlie Atuyre plates; i Y

ln accordance with thi vide a tuyere structurewhicli is, particularly useful for high side wal-ls,*although it may be utilized in otheifpositions in the place of the ordinary tuyeres'. This comprises a permanently located supporting portion and a series of removable plates arranged thereon in such a manner as to provide a side wall for the fuel bed and feed air thereto. The supporting portionrof the tuyere serves as a Vrear wall to the air feeding passage and is preferably s invention I pro-` Fig is a perspectiveV view' of one section mounted on the side bar of the stolrer, which may be either stationary or reciprocable, and the removable tuyre plates forming the front wall of the air passage are preferably so constructed that they will hool over a portion of the rear wall and interlock therewith in such a manner that each plate will be located in its proper position and yet be permitted to grow and expand during usage. ln order to fasten these removable plates, as well as the rear supporting structure, to the side bar of the furnace provide a construction which removably bolts the parts to the side bar and at the same time holds the removable plates rigidly and rmly on the rear supporting tuyere wall.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, I have there shown a portion of a side bar 10 of a stoker of the Riley type which is adapted to reciprocate lengthwise of the retort. As will beV understood by reference to prior patents in this art, of which the patent to Riley #1,322,822 may be cited as an example, two side bars co-operating with a bottom form a fuel retort and the tuy`ere blocks are mounted on the tops of the side bars and so arranged that they may reciprocate therewith. rllhe side bars are spaced apart to admit air to the tuyre blocks supported thereby. At t ie sides of the furnace a single reciprocable bar 10 is located between the stationary retort bottom 11 and the furnace wall 13 which may be of suitable construction. ln the particular embodiment illustrated the refractory wall 13 is supported on an angle plate 14, and attached to this is a wall plate 15 of metal which forms a surface against which the reciprocable side bar may slide.

In the forni illustrated in the drawings, the tuyere structure comprises a hollow construcion made up primarily of two parts, one a support 16 intended to remain permanently in the stolzer and the other a set of removable tuyere plates carried by the support which `may be replaced as they burn out. As shown,

the support comprises a wall 18 which has a smooth rear surface adapted to slide against the front face of 1clade 15. For the salte of convenience in assembling these parts in the furnace, this support may bemade up in several sections and each section is adapted to carry a number of removable tuyere plates thereon. The support is so'constructed that it Will rest on the top edge of the side bar 10,

.and for this purpose it is made in the shape of an angle iron having a bottom 19 provided with a groove 2O which interiits wita a projecting rib 21 on the side bar 10, thereby locating the back plate 18 and preventing it sliding into the retort. The side bar 10 is provided with a set of spaced ribs 23 which project rearwardly and support on their top edges the bottom 19 of the support 16. rllhe' floor plate 19 has an opening 24 therethrough extending substantially the length of each section so that air may be admitted in large quantities to the tuyeres. Strengthening ribs 25 and :26 are provided to connect the wall 18 with the base 19.

Removably mounted on the support 16 are a series of narrow tuyere plates 30 which are so constructed and arranged as to form an air passage between the wall 18 and their fuel supporting outer faces, for admitting' air to the fuel bod. Tuyere openings may be provided in the body of each plate but they are preferably formed by grooves 31 in the edges of the plates as illustrated. The plate 30 is so constructed that it will absorb heat readily and conduct it to the cooling air stream passing beneath and tnerethrough. For this purpose the plate is preferably so constructed as to have a narrow supporting web 32 and a flange 33 against w iich the fuel body in the retort rests. The llanges in the presentembodiment project even distances on opposite sides of the central web portion, but obviously they may project entirely on one side and be l.-shaped instead of "i--shaped as illustrated.

ln the embodiment illustrated the tuyre members are made in two sections; the plate 30 and a lower removable corrugated plate 35, although it will be understood that the removable tuyere sections may be made up in single members extending from the floor 19 to the top of the wall 18. These corrugated or ribbed plates 35 preferably entend the length of the supporting section 16 and have the further purpose of making it possible to change the air distribution throughout the length of the stolrer easily without changing the construction of the remaining parts. they burn out. 'l he spaces between the r ,s of these plates form further tuyere openings. The upper and lower air openings are staggered, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to cause more even air distribution and to provide a more uniform thickness of metal in the casting. The corrugations on the plates are preferably arranged at an angle, as illustrated in Fig. 5 so that coal siftings will not readily get into the openings, the angle being so arranged relative to the normal motion of travel of the fuel t at siftings will tend to move down out yof the corrugations rather than up them. These rib1 plates preferably made with a cen l web 36 carrying on its upper and lower surfaces two rows of vertically entending ribs 37 and 38, thereby' giving an extensive surface for air cooling these parts. These ribs correspond with parts of the vertical tuyere plates to described which nialre it possible for the outer portion of the tuyere mem to burn away and there still be a secondary member adapted to support the fuel and prevent eX- tensive air leakage. rlhat is, the outer row rlhese may be easily replaced when lil@ of corrugations 37 supports the fuel initially and transmits air thereto, andthe ribs 38 stand as a reserve which will provide tuyres in case the wholeouter part of the bar-burns away. These plates are mounted on the bottom 19 of the backing by providing the side walls 26 of the backing with inwardly projecting lugs 39 which iit into notches 40 on the ribbed bars 35.

The vertical tuyere plates. 30 are constructed similarly Vin that they have two sets of flangesadapted to support the'fuel and supply air thereto. The innerant'ge 42 is a rib spaced some distance from the vouter flange 33 and is substantially parallel and coeXtensive therewith, this rib having notches 43 corresponding with the tuyere openings 31 so as to transmit the air within the air passage to the outer face of the tuyre.v The upper end 45 of the plate 30 is a massive thick section of iron which will withstand considerable burning'before its utility is impaired.

"One of the primary features of my invention has to dopwith the manner of fastening the tuyre plates and backing to their support so that any individual tuyo-re plate may be removed without interfering with. the others. To this end, I provide means which serves to bolt down `a group of these tuyre plates to the side bars andwhich indirectly fasten the support to the side bar as well, although it will be understoodA that these parts may be bolted separately and independently to the side bar. I-Iowever, as illustrated, a single bolting device serves to fasten them both in place. In order that the tuyre plates may be located in proper positions to permit expansion and growth and to prevent the plates from sliding down to the rear of the stoker, I provide the plate 18 with upstanding lugs 48 which are'so spaced that the webs 32 of the removable tuyere plates will lit therebetween. The lugs 48 project toward the retort as well as upwardly from the plate 13 so that they are spaced from the plate 15 of the furnace wall. `rIhe referred manner of fastening` down the tuyere plates is to hook their tops over these upstand.- ing lugs '48 and to bolt themdown so they cannot be lifted from -ithishoolred position. To this end the upper portion 45 'of' the tuyre plate is provided-with a downwardly extending projection or flange 50 which is located on both sides of the web 32,v as'illu'strated, and this flange 50-slips into position between the upstanding lugs 48 Vand the plate 15. In order to prevent movement of the lowerend of the tuyre plate toward the retort, the web 32 extends downwardly to form "l a projection 53 which is inserted thru the opening 24 in the bottom of the late 19. It

will therefore be seen that I have provided int'erlitting locating members on the tuyre plates and the support which hold the tuyre plates in position and. prevent mov-ement thereof in'eve'ry direction except upwardly, and that each tuyre plate can be removed only by lifting it vertically from its operative position.

In order to fasten these parts in place and prevent their removal except as desired, I can utilize various types of construction but in the preferred embodiment I provide a' rod 55 and a hook bolt 56, which may be secured together if desired. .This rod 55 rests on the bottoms 58 of the slot-s 59 in the webs 32. Each slot 59 is of greater size vertically than the thickness of the rod 55 so that the rod 55 vmay be raised by lifting any one plate withlthe plateV high enough vto clear the flange 50, vand then the tuyre plate may be tipped toward the retort to move the shoulder 53 out from under the rod 55 and thus permit the tuyre plate to be lifted a further suiiicient distance to withdraw the lug 53 fromthe opening 24. The hook bolts 56 are bolted down to a flange 60 on the side bar and are fastened thereto by means of nuts 61 on the lower ends Vof the bolts. Before any onel of the tuyre plates may be removed it will be understood that the nut 61 should be removed or loosened so as to permit upward motion of the hook bolt 56 and the rod 55. The rod 55 is prevented from being moved endwise by the side plates 26 of the support 16 andthe rod is thereby permanently located in posi- ,Y

tion in the assembled group of tuyere plates. Ihe ribs 25, 1t will be observed, contact with the rod 55 and prevent it from being moved out ofthe slot 59.

The end tuyre blocks are shown as boX- lile structures made as hollow castings. The

lower block 64 has ribs 65 on its outer face and perforations 66 for the passage of air. This hollow casting is fastened to the two lower tuyre plates by bolts67. The. casting `has wallsy all around and receives air only lfrom a cored hol'ef68 in the wall adjacent to the tueyre plate. The upper end section is shown as lmade up lofthree hollow 'castings ope'n. at-their bottoms.V The castings 70 and 71 are provided with a ribbed structure similar to that of the plates 30, and they are fastened down' in like manner by a hook bolt 7 3. These castings are bolted together by bolts 74; .The end casting 76 is a simple hollow structure bolted in place as illustrated. It willbe understodthat other forms of end structure may be employed with the tuyere plates. In the form shown, a blank 78 is employed at the lower end of the retort in place of the corrugated bar 35, to cut down the air supply at this point. It will be understood that lsuch blanks maybe used in other locations as well.

lf one of the tuyere plates 30 requires replacement, it is merely necessary to loosen or remove the nut 6l from the hook bolt 56 in that particular group, and then lift the tuyere plate vertically until the flange 50 will clear the lugs 48. The tuyre plate can then be tilted away from the furnace side wall until the shoulder 58 moves from under the rod 55, thus permitting removal of the plate. In inserting a new tuyre plate, the projection 53 is first placed in the opening 24. The rod 55 is then raised slightly by lifting an adljacent plate, and the new plate may then be tipped back towards the side wall of the furnace and dropped into place. r)The nut 6l may then be tightened, holding the tuyere plates of the group firmly in position. ln order to replace thecorrugated plate 35, it is merely necessary to remove the plates 30 of the group located above plate 35. All of the parts are locked together when the bolts are tightened, so that the tuyere construction is rigid during use.

Having thus describet my invention, what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A side wall structure for an underfeed etort comprising a support, a set of narrow substantially vertical tuy`ere plates mounted on said support, each plate having a locking shoulder thereon, a fastening device including a rod releasably engaging the shoulders of a group of tuyre plates, and means including an adjustable member which is readily accessible from beneath said support for holding the rod against said shoulders and securing the plates to the support, said member being movable to release the rod so that any plate in the group may be removed independently of the others.

2. A furnace tuyere structure comprising a support, a group of substantially ver ical air admitting tuyre plates mounted thereon, interiitting locating members on sail plates and said support which hold the tuyre plates in position and prevent movement thereof in every direction except upwardly, each plate having a locking shoulder, a rod for the group, contacting withthe shoulders of the plates, and a member engagingtherod and 'secured to the bottom of the support, said member holding the rod against the locking shoulders and beingreleasable to allow upward movement of the rod and individual removal of any plate in the group.

tuyere'plates in position and prevent movement thereof in every direction except upwardly, a series of substantially horizontal rods each contacting with the shoulders of a group of tuyere plates, and means for fastening each rod independently to the support so that the rod may be released and moved upwardly and thus allow a plate in one group to be removed without loosening or disturbing a plate in another group.

1l. An underfeed stolzer comprising a retort side wall, a tuyere plate support mounted thereon, a series of air admitting tuyre plates mounted on said support and each having al fuel `supporting flange and a vertical web provided with a shoulder, a series of substantially horizontal rods arranged so that each contacts with the shoulders of a group of tuyre plates, and a bolt for each group of tuyre plates fastened at its upper end to one of said rods and at its lower end to said retort side wall.

5. A high side wall tuyre plate for an underfeed Stoker comprising a relatively thin vertical web, a steeply sloping flange arranged along one edge of the web and eX- tending beyond each lateral face thereof which is adapted to contact with the fuel bed, and a rib arranged on each side of the web substantially parallel to the flange and spaced therefrom, said flange and ribs being provided with spaced notches to form air openings between adjacent blocks.

6. An air admitting plate for an underfeed stolrer comprising a thin horizontal web, a pair of parallel ribs on the upper surface of the web, and a similar pair of parallel ribs on the lower surface of the web, each of said ribs having notches therein adapted to admit air to the fuel bed.

7. An air admitting plate for an underfeed stoker comprising a thin horizontal web, a pair of parallel ribs on the upper surface of the web, and a similar pair of parallel ibs on the lower surface of the web, each of saidv ribs having'notches therein adapted to admit air to the fuel bed, and the notches inthe lower ribsA being staggered with respeet to the notches in the upper ribs.

8. An air admitting plate for an underfeed Stoker comprising a thin horizontal web, a pair of parallel ribs on the upper surface of the web, and a similar pair of parallel ribs on the lower surface of the web, each of said ribs having notches therein arranged at an angle to the ribs to direct air into the fuel bed.

9. A high side wall tuyre plate for an underfeed stoler adapted to be arranged parallel with similar plates above the retort wall and admit air to the fuel comprising a relatively thin vertical web having a steeply sloping' flange along that edge which will contact with the fuel bed and a rib projecting laterally from the web which is spaced from and is substantially coextensive With and parallel to the flange, both the flange and the rib providing air admitting passages, and the rib serving as a fuel support after the flange has burned away.

l0. A furnace tuyre structure comprising a support having a Wall and a bottom provided With an opening therethrough, a separate tuyre plate disposed on the bottom on the opposite side of said opening from the Wall, and a series of tuyre plates mounted side by side above said bottom tuyre plate which are supported on the top of the Wall and rest upon the bottom tuyre plate in positions substantially perpendicular thereto, said parts forming a hollow structure adapted to support fuel against the tuyre plates and admit air thereto.

Signed at Worcester, Mass, this 23rd day of July, 1927. Y

CARL H. RICH.

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