US1814356A - Lock - Google Patents

Description

July 14, 1931. 5 1,814,356

LOCK

F le g- 17, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 6 i T 16b 19 V I vw/vw w/vw/w ATTORNEY 8 July 14, 1931. 5, 155 1,814,356

LOCK

Filed Aug;- 17. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

ATTORNEY 5* Patented July 14, 1931 I SOLOMON wr'sE, on

PATENT; OFFICE CINCINNATI, OHIO LOCK Application filed August 17, 1926. Serial No. 129,854.

My invention relates to looks in general and more particularly to locks having tumblers formed of telescoping tubes.

In my United States Letters Patent No. 1,390,222, dated September 6, 1921, I have shown and described a lock employing telescoping tubular cylinders in two Opposed groups as tumblers and in which the release of the lock was gained by the use of a key which brought all of the two sets of tumblers to a position of establishment of a line of cleavage.

Later in my United States patent application Serial #20,587, filed April 4, 1925, I have shown and described the application of the tubular tumblers toa padlock in which the establishment of the line of cleavage in the tumbler groups permitted theanchor block of the shackle of the padlock to move lengthwise in a suitable lock shell, thus permitting the shackle to be released.

My present invention involves the use of the tubular telescoping plungers in a structure in which the tumbler groups are mounted preferably in connection with relatively rotating members, and in which the'relation of the tumbler groups to the rotating parts is off center. There are a number of decided advantages in the use of my tumbler as-. sembly in this way which will be pointed out as the description proceeds.

Among other objects of my invention is the provision of a lock suitable for connecting together the links of a chain and in which there are two hook members and a central rotating member which closes both hooks to form loops that results in substantially incorporating the look as a double chain link.

One of the advantages of my concentric or telescoping tubular type of tumbler is that when the lock is in a condition where the sets of tumblers are telescoped into each other, it presents practically a solid body of metal transverse the tumbler assembly. This advantage is of great value in the chain lock or the other rotary types of lock using eccentric tumbler holes in the rotating parts, because it makes it impossible to shear off the look through the tumbler by rotating the lock parts.

In connection with the chain lock it is my object to so shape the structure that the strain on the lock imparted in an effort to force the enchained links apart, will not impose any strain on the tumbler assembly at all, since a rotary movement is the only strain possible and this is well taken care of by the solid body of metal presented by the tumblers, as last above noted.

In the structural shape, and the mode of connecting the parts together in my chain lock or other locks of this rotary type, it is readily possible to practically prevent any attempt to get in a full hammer blow on the tumbler held element, a thing which it is possible to do with a padlock having a Iloogped shackle extending from the lock I accomplish my objects and other advantages to be noted by that certain construction and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter more specifically pointed out and claimed.

In the drawings Figures 1 and 2 are a plan and a central vertical section respectively of the plug element for the rotary portion of one of my locks.

Figures 3 and 1 are like views of the plug for the main body of one of my locks.

Figures 5 and 6 are like views of the rotary element of my novel chain lock.

Figures 7 and 8 are like views of the body ofthe chain lock.

Figures 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 are views of the telescoping tumblers of the two sets used in the illustrated embodiment of my inven* tion.

I Figures 14: and 15 are perspectives of the tumbler springs.

Figure 16 is a detail of the key for tha particular tumbler structure illustrated.

Figure 17 is a side view showing the chain lock'in use.

Figure 18 is a plan view showing the chain lock in use.

Figure 19 is a plan or diagram showing the chain lock open. I

Figure 20 is a side view of the same parts as shown in Figure 19. Figure 21 is a section taken through the chain lock on the line 2121 of Figure 18.

It will be understood that I have illustrated but one form of lock and one particular tumbler assembly, and that certain general aspects of the structures shown are parts of myinvention as well as the more particular features which will be described in detail.

As a chain look I have provided a one piece or solid double shackle having a body 1 and partially closed hooks or loops 2, 2 at the ends thereof. The links 4 of a chain may be quickly and easil set into the spaces 3 of the shackle, thus orming practically a rigid double link for the chain, of such type that by the closing of the open ends of the hooks, the chain links are held against removal thus locking the ends of the chain together.

The closing element of the chain lock is formed of a T shaped piece 9 which is rotatively fixed on the central portion of the double shackle and whose arms close the chain engaging loops. (Fig. 19).

The closing element has a central hole or bore 12 into which. is dropped the plug 6 for the main body of the lock, for which plug a hole 5 is provided in the main block.

' The plug has a flange 7 and the bore in the closing element has a flange 8 to engage the flange'7. (Fig. 5).

When the plug has been dropped into the hole 12, it is then forced into thehole 5 and pinned to the body 1 by means of a pin driven into the hole lO, insaid body, and hole 11 in the plug. The arranging of the tumbler is followed by driving the plug 13 for the closing portion into the hole or bore 12, whereupon the plug is aligned and pinned in place by means of a pin driven through the hole 14 as will be described.

This structure binds the two parts of the lock together by means of the pinned plugs, so that they cannotbe driven apart. Also the closing portion of the lock can revolve around on the plug 6 to open and closethe lock. (Fig. 19).

The plug 13 is formed with an eccentric hole or bore 17 for a part of the tumbler assembly and the plu 9 has a like hole 16 for the other half 0 the assembly. The hole 16 is, closed at the bottom, and the hole 17 is closed at the top except for a slot 21 through which the keyis inserted. (Fig.

It will be understood that before assembling the two parts of the chain look as last above described, it will be necessary to first set in place the tumblers.

In the case shown, there are but three tumblers in each set, the tubes 18 and 18a and the pin 18b are one set, and the tubes .20 and 20a and the pin 20b in the other.

The tubes and pins are arranged so that alike to each other in pairs so far as cross section is concerned and unlike in pairs as to length.

In assembling the tumblers those of the set 18, 18a and 18?; are for the plug 6, and are set in place therein after first dropping into the hole 16, the two springs 19 and 19a which engage tumblers 18 and 18a respectively. It will be well to assemble the tumblers in the bore 7 after the two parts of the lock are arranged with the plug engaged in the bore of the shackle body and aligned by means of the pin. Thereupon the tumblers 20, 20a and 20?) are telescoped together and'set into the plug 13 and the closing portion 9 of the device is revolved around until the plungers of the set'18 snap into the hole for the plungers of the set 20. This take place when holes 16 and 17 are brought into alignment.

The locking element or closing portion 9 is then rotated to position of closing the open shackle hooks, whereupon the pin for pinning the plug 13 in place may be driven through the hole 14 of the portion 9 and into the hole 15 in the plug 13.

The insertion of the key will result in 95 the step thereof at 23 engaging the outer tubes 20, the step thereof at 24 engaging the tube 20a and the step thereof at the center engaging the pin 20?). By forcing the key into the slot 21 until the key can go no further due to the pins 20?) and 18b blocking the movement, the outer tubes will be found to be so placed that the line of cleavage is established between the two sets of tumblers permitting a rotation of the element 9 of the lock to the position of Figure 19. This opens the lock, the rotation being imparted by the twisting of the key after it has been thrust home.

The key can be removed at any point after the rotation has started, and it will not be until the parts have been rotated back to the closing position that the eccentrically arranged tumbler bores will be in line and the spring pressed plungers can move up into the upper plug, thus locking the device again.

Considering the invention from the point of view of the tumbler arrangement and operation, it will be noted that the lock can open in either direction and the key can be inserted with either side toward the operator. This is a great relief over the operation of the usual padlock.

Furthermore the key can be used to rotate the lock to open it, instead of requiring that the key be kept thrust home while the shackle is lifted as in the usual padlock.

The tumblers can be made cheaply from metal tubes and rods and cut in an almost 130 endless number of lengths, and it is almost impossible to pick the lock because there is no way of tellin when the line of cleavage is present, by s ifting one pair of tumblers at a time. The number of plungers can be increased at will thus making the lock harder to operate by an unauthorized person.

, From the point of view of the chain lock device, irrespective of the particular tumbler arrangement and the advantages thereof in the particular type of chain lock that have already been pointed out, there is a decided useful novelty exhibited. The completely rigid one piece connector or double shackle takes all pulling strains off of the closure that is locked in place which serves only to prevent the links from being lifted out.

A padlock type of lock can be formed-using the same parts but cutting everything away from outside of the dotted line 30 of Figure 21.

The advantages pointed out for the chain lock are also to a large degree present in the padlock, as will be evident.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A look having a casing with at least one opening therein for forming a partially enclosing closure, and a rotatable member mounted in said casing shaped so as to extend across said closure in locked position, and means of locking said rotat-' able member in locked position, and the partially enclosing closure of said casing having integrally formed portions adapted to bear the strain of separation of elements retained therein.

-2. In a padlock, a casing, a rotatable member for forming a locking closure with said casing mounted in said casing, said casing having a chamber, and tubular elements resiliently supported in said chamber, said rotatable member also having a chamber with tubular elements therein, said chambers being equally eccentric of a concentric axis, and the tubular elements in the chamberof the casing adapted to extend within said rotatable member so as to lock said rotatable member with relation to said casing against rotation.

3. In a padlock, a casing, a rotatable member for forming a locking closure with said casing mounted in said casing, said casing having a chamber, and tubular elements resiliently supported in said chamber, said rotatable memberalso having a chamber withtubular elements therein, said chambers being equally eccentric of a concentric axis, and the tubular elementsin the chamber of the casing adapted to extend within said rotatable member so as to lock said rotatable member with relation to said casing, said casing and rotatable member having engaging surfaeesand a key insertable into said rotatable member for moving said tubular elements so as to establish a cleavage line aligned with the engaging surfaces of said casing and said rotatable member.

4. In a chain look, a casing having a pair of link receiving portions ada ted to withstand a separating strain of llIlkS retained within said portions, and a rotatable member movable into locking position across said link receiving portions, and means auto matically causing said rotatable member to lock in' locked position.

5. In a chain look, a casing having a pair of link receiving portions ada ted to with stand a separatlng strain of llnks retained within said portions, and a rotatable member movable into locked position across said link receiving portions, and means automatically causing said rotatable member to lock in locked position, said means comprising a series of telescoping tumblers, and springs adapted to move said telescoping tumblers into interlocking engagement with said rotatable member in locked position only.

.6. In a chain look, a casing having a pair of link receiving portions adapted to withstand a separating strain of links retained Within said portions, and a rotatable member movable into locking position across said link receiving portions, and means automatically causing said rotatable member to lock in locked position, said means comprising a series of telescoping tumblers, and springs adapted to move said telescoping tumblers into interlocking engagement with said rotatable member in locked position only, and a key insertable into said rotatable member for releasing said rotatable member from locked position.

7. In a chain lock, a casing having a pair of link receiving portions adapted to withstand a separating strain of links retained Within said portions, and a rotatable member movable into locking position across said link receiving portions, and means automatically causing said rotatable member to lock in locked position, said means comprising a series of tubular elements, and springs adapted to said tubular elements into looking engagement with said rotatable member in locked position only and a key insertable into said rotatable member for releasing said rotatable member from locked position, said key providing a handle for rotating said member to lock in inhibiting position.

8. In combination in a look, a lock body and a rotatable member permanently mounted onjsaid body adapted to form a locking closure with said body, said body and rotatable member having axially aligned holes with eccentrically mounted telescoping tumblers therein, said interlocking tumblers comprising series of concentric tubular mem- III bers, and the eccentric mounting of said elements being such as to permit registry of 1 said tubular members in interlocking engagament in said holes in locked position of said lock, and non-registry in all other positions thereof. a

'9. A chain lock having a body with hook elements to engage each a link of the chain, and a member movable with relation to said body portion, and having interlocking relation thereto, said member being when in locked position on the body so shaped as to close the said hooks.

10. A chain lock having a body with link engaging hooks as a part thereof, a member permanently held on the body in a rotatable relation thereto, and means in said body and member to interlock with each-other when said member is in position of closing the link engaging hooks.

11. A chain lock having a body with link engaging books as a part thereof, a member permanently held on the body in a rotatable relation thereto, and means-in said body and,

member to interlock with each other when said member is in position of closing the link engaging hooks, said means comprising telescoping tumbers some of which are spring pressed, and said tumblers mounted in eccentrio holes in said body and member.

12. In a lock the combination with a body having a shackle as part thereof, a rotating element on the body arranged in one position thereof at least, to close said shackle,

said body and element having aligned plug holes, saidelement having a shoulder, a plug pinned in-the body and having a flanged engagement with the shoulder in the element, and a plug in the rotating element and pinned therein, said plugs being in said. holes, and means for locking the said rotating element in said closed position.

13. In a lock the combination with a body having a shackle as part thereof, a rotating element on the bodyarranged in one position thereof at least, to close said shackle, said body and element having aligned lug holes, said element having a shoulder, a p ug' pinned in the body and having a flanged engagement with the shoulder in the element, and a plug in the rotating element and pinned therein, and spring means for automatically locking said rotating element in said closed position, and means for unlocking the same as a key.

' 14. In a lock ing element held permanently thereon and adapted to serve in a certain position as a lock, said elements having-tumbler holes rotation seats to be in alignment when the arr'anged with reference to the rotating eletherein arranged eccentrically of \the axis of rotating element is in said certain position, telescoping; tumblers of the type described, in: said holes, and a key slotportion fixedly a fixed element and a rotatto bring the tumblers to a line of cleavage,

whereupon the key must be used as a rotating handle to move the eccentric holes out of alignment and the rotating element away from said certain position.

15. In a look a fixed element and a rotating element held permanently thereon and adapted to serve in a certain position as a lock, said elements having tumbler holes therein arranged eccentrically of the axis of rotation so as to be in alignment when the rotating element is in said certain position, telescoping tumblers of the type described, in said holes, and a key slot portion fixedly arranged with reference to the rotating element, through which a key is to be inserted to bring the tumblers to a line of cleavage, whereupon the key may be used as a rotating handle to move the eccentric holes out of alignment and the rotating element away from said certain position, said lock being arranged as a shackle lock with at least one shackle formed as part of the fixed element, and a closing portion for the shackle on the rotating element.

16. A look having a body with at least one hook-like extension therefrom forming a partially enclosing closure, and a member rotatably mounted on said body so as to complete said closure when in locked position, and means for locking said rotatable member in locked position, said means comprising at least one member extensible from said body into engagement with said rotatable 'member eccentrically of the axis of rotation thereof, at least one resilient member n sald body, .the movement of said extensible member being controllable by a key.

17. A look having a body with at least one hook-like extension therefrom forming a partially enclosing closure, and a member rotatably mounted on said body so as to completesaid closure when in locked position, and means for locking said rotatable member in locked position, said means comprising a resilient member retained within sald casing, and at least one member extensible from Silld CiLSlIlg into engagement with Q said rotatable member, said rotatable member having a key slot into which a key isof their axis of rotation and means in said bore having a line of cleavage adapted to be established by a key to permit the relative rotation of said members, said means spring pressedito disestablish said line of cleavage.

20. In a lock, a body with a projection adapted to form a partially enclosing closure and a locking member arranged for relative rotation about a given axis, said body and said member having a bore eccentric of their axis of rotation and means in said bore having a line of cleavage adapted to be established by a key to permit the relative rotation of said members, said means being spring pressed to disestablish said line of cleavage. K

21. In a lock, a body and a locking member arranged for relative rotation about a given axis, said body and said member havmg a bore eccentric of their axis of rotation and means in said bore having a line of cleavage adapted to be established by a key to permit the relative rotation of said members, said means being spring pressed to disestablish said line of cleavage, said means comprising concentric tubular plungers.

SOLOMON WISE.

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