US1810121A - Multistage pump plunger - Google Patents

Description

Patented June 16, 1931 LESTER BLACK, 01-? LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA. I

MULTISTAGE roar? PLUNGER Application filed January 24, 1925. Serial No. 242,997.

- This invention relates to pump plungers which are adaptedto be used in mu'lti-stage pumps, and is an improvement on the multi- .stage pump plunger as disclosed in my Pat- 'ent No. 1,64;6,13 1'. I

One difficulty encountered in the actualoperation of the .plunger disclosed in the patent the tendency'for the comabove referred to is I .paratively sharp upper edges of the man- "ganese steel cups to catch on the tubing between couplings, making it difficult to pull the plunger up thru the tubing. -In practically every type of H, uni known it is customary very hard ball and seat valve. Ihe tendency has always been to make these balls and seats of 'ashard a material as possible, inorder to furnish the greatest amount of resistance ,against the tendency of sand, gas and water "to cut them out. As positively demonstrated, it is impossible to construct a valve, operating under deep wellconditions, I terial suiiiciently hardto entirely resist the .Mabrasive action encountered, and which will 'not eventually cut out. I I

In general, it is the object of my invent on to provide'a multistage pump plunger of a simplified construction and in which the .sharp edges of the cup plungers, I in the patent above referred, have been el1rn inated, thereby overcoming the tendency. of such plungers to engage wi 11 the walls and seams of the well tubing. II I I L Another obj ectjof my invention is the provision of a cylindrical plunger provided with an apertured conical roof. I f Y 1 Another object of my invention isthe provision of a valve seat deep; well oil base of acomparatively hard ing description of my nvention. It is'to be understood that I do not limit myself to the showing'made by the said description as'I may adopt various within the scope of the claims.

to employ a of any mahold the. seat in place.

as disclosed ends 9 and 11.

. I constructed of a com- 4oir'paratively soft material upon whichjis con- 14: and 15 and its'u'pper a threaded pin 16 to which thesu'cker rod forms of my invention (not shown) may be. secured. It is thought Referring to the drawings: I v Flg. l is an elevational View of my improvedinulti-stage pump plunger in opera tive position within a pump barrel.

"Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of my improved pump plunger showing the plungers in their: closed position.

Fig; 3 is a vertical invention contemplates the use of a plurality of identical pump though only one of said sections has been shown in the drawings, it is to be understood that any number of such sections may be used. Each of these rod sections is provided with an enlarged head 2 at its upper end. This enlarged head is internally threaded as at 3 and is adapted to be threadedly connected to the threaded pin 4 of the adjacent section. .Carried in an annular recess on the upper face of the enlarged portion 2 is a valve seat 5 which is preferably constructed of a comparatively soft material such as bronze.

A shoulder 6 formed on the pin 1 engagesthe upper face of the valve seat 5 to The adjacent rod sections are further secured in place by means of a rivet 7 passing thru both the'enlarged head 2 and the pin 4 Looselysur-- rounding the rod section 1 is a cylindrical I 8 provided with contracted The lower contracted end 11 isadapted to seat on the valve seat '5. A plurality of radially disposed ports 12 is provided in the upper contracted end 9. Formed on the lower end of the enlarged head 2 is an annular shoulder 13 which is adapted to limit the upward longitudinal movement of the plunger 8. The plungers pump plunger may be made or acom'paratively hard material such as manganese steeland it is to be noted that the d1mens1ons of thevalve seat 5 are such as to insure the proper seating of.

the contacting area of the valve formed at" it the lower contracted end 11. The uppermost section v1 is provided with wrench faces end is provided with I section of my pump plunger showing the plungers in their open. position.

that the operation of the device is apparent from the above disclosure and that it therefore needs no further explanation.

This type of cup or plunger not only eliminates the necessity of aguide as disclosed in my Patent No. 1,646,134 or shroud as disclosed in my co-pending application, Serial Number 248,998 filed on January 24, 1928, but also permits of a much more simplified design of pump skeleton, as the upper portion of the cup or plunger is allowed to contact with the shoulder provided on the lower part of the enlarged head 2 thereby limiting the longitudinal travel of the cups or plungers. The upper reduced portion of the plungers also functions as guides to limit their lateral movement with respect to the plunger rod always retaining them in a concentric position in relation thereto. By such a construction the necessity of milling slots in the plunger rod or skeleton to act as oil ports is eliminated. All that is necessary in this type of construction to provide a passage for the fluid when the plunger is in the upper or down stroke position, is to turn the lower section of the plunger rod to a smaller diameter as is clearly shown in the drawings, thereby increasing the openings between the inside diameter of the lower portion of the cup and the outside diameter of the skeleton or plunger rod at the point desired. Such a construction is far more economical than any multi-stage pump plunger now on the market.

The theory of operation of the valve used in my device is as follows. Knowing that any type of valve seat employed will eventually be scored or cut, a valve has been provided which will hammer or pean out these minor cuts or abrasions as. rapidly as they occur. For example, assuming that a grain of sand should lodge between the lower reduced portion of the plunger and its seat,

the closing operation of the valve would cause the valve seat to be cut by the sand. The next pump cycle will cause the valve to strike or press down on the seat and if the seat is constructed of a sufficiently soft material the minor cuts caused by the preceding stroke will be closed up or peaned out by the blow and pressure of the plunger on the valve seat. onstrated in actual field tests and entirely practical.

I claim:

1. A multi-stage pump plunger comprising a plunger rod; a plurality of spaced enlarged portions provided on said rod; a valve seat on the upper end of each enlarged por tion and an annular shoulder on the lower end of each enlarged portion; cylindrical plungers having ends of a reduced diameter loosely surrounding said rod and longitudinally slidable between adjacent enlarged portions, the reduced upper ends of said has proven This action has been successfully demplungers having a plurality of ports, the cylindrical plungers being gradually merged into the ends of reduced diameter in the form of a continuously curved surface where by to eliminate the formation of protuberant edges which would tend to catch on the joints of the pump tubing.

2. A device of the class described comprising a rod formed of a' plurality of identical sections, each section having a valve seat formed adjacent its upper end and an annular shoulder beneath said valve seat, and a cylindrical plunger having contracted ends loosely surrounding each rod section and longitudinally slidable between the valve seat of one section and the annular shoulder of the adjacent section, the cylindrical plungers merging into the contracted ends thereof in a continuously curved surface so as to eliminate the formation of protuberant edges which would tend to catch on the joints of the pump tubing.

3. A deviceof the class described comprising, a plunger rod, a valve seat carried by the rod, a cylindrical plunger circumferentially contacting the pump tubing and having gradually contracted ends loosely slidable on the plunger rod, the said plunger cooperating .at its lower end with the valve seat, and having an apertured conical roof, the cylindrical plungers merging into the contracted ends thereof in a continuously curved surface so as to eliminate the formation of protuberant edges which would tend to catch on the joints of the pump tubing.

4. A multi-stage pump plunger comprising, a plunger rod, a plurality of spaced valve seats carried by said rod, a cylindrical plunger cooperating with each valve seat and circumferentially contacting the pump tubing, each plunger having gradually contracted ends loosely surrounding the said rod and being slidable thereon, and cooperating at the lower end thereof with its respective valve seat, each plunger having an apertured conical roof, the cylindrical plungers merging into the contracted ends thereof is a continuously curved surface so as to eliminate the formation of protuberant edges which would tend to catch on the joints of the pump tubing.

5. A pump plunger comprising, a plunger rod, a valve seat carried by therod, an annular shoulder on the rod spaced from the valve seat, a cylindrical plunger circumferentially contacting the pump tubing and having gradually contracted ends loosely surrounding the rod, the plunger being adapted to slide on'the rod between the seat and shoulder and cooperating at its lower end with the Valve seat, the plunger being formed with .an apertured conical roof, the cylindrical plungers merging into the contracted ends thereof in'a continuously curved surface so as to eliminate the formation of protuberant edges which would tend to catch on the joints of the pump tubing.

6. In a pump plunger, a plunger rod, a valve seat carried by.said plunger rod and composed of malleable metal, and a cylin-' drical plunger loosely surrounding said rod and mounted for reciprocating movement relative to the rod during operation, one end of said plunger being composed of a relatively hard metal and adapted to forcibly impact against said valve seat on one of the strokes of said plunger, whereby said valve seat is reconditioned by the blows imparted thereto by said plunger. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

LESTER-C. BLACK.

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