US1896233A - Boiler furnace - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 7, 1933. Q w. GORDON 1,896,233

BOILER FURNACE Filed Feb. 17, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 VAK INVENTOR C huiles W. Gurdon BY 'U2/.M

ATTORN EY C. W. GORDON BOILER FURNACE Feb. 7, 1933.

Filed Feb. 17, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 OMVOOOOOLOOOOOO `35 the side walls of the chamber.` In my Ptented Feb. 7,- 1.933

UNITED "STATES PATENT OFFICE CHARLES w. GORDON, or lsamlvs'iun,l INDIANA, AssIGNjoa 'ro THE SUPERHEATER conr- PANY, or NEW YORK, N. Y, l Y

301mm NUBNACE Application led" February 17, 1931. Serial No. 516,365.`

The present invention relates to combus-` tion chambers having Huid cooled walls and aims to providean arrangement whereby suchwalls may operate at high capacity. f A common form of combustionchamber at present is one having fluid cooled `.walls and a row of burners set along one upper corner of the combustion chamber and directedto discharge downwardly into such chamber, and having air inlets in the upwardly eX- tending Wall whose top is near the burners. I have found, however, that in such an -arrangement there is a cold segment in the Acombustion chamber extending along the wall 1 --through which the air enters and having a triangular cross-section inthe plane perpendicular to such `wa1l,the `air for combustion not .only cooling such segment by its rela- 20. tively low temperature but by blow-ingthe I" flames of ltheburners away from the points of entrance of the air to the chamber.- The` heat absorbing elements ofthe fluid cooled walls bounding such cold segment therefore 25 are worked much below their rated capacities.

' It is the object of my inventlon to provide `an arrangement adapted to avoid theabove mentioned -diiliculties j In applying my invention to a furnace 30 chamber having water cooled walls, I employ, in addition tothe usual main row `of burners set along one upper corner of the furnace, twoaufxiliary burners setlbeneath the main burners and discharging adjacent preferred arrangement, substantially the entire surface of the side walls is'exposed to direct radiation from the flame in the furnace.

rI he novel features of the invention are 40h pointed out in the appended claims. In

' order that my invention may be fully and clearly understood, however, I will now dei scribe in detail, inc'onnection with .the ac# fcompanying drawings, a furnace chamber 45, havingliuid cooled walls andformingan illustrative embodiment of my invention.' In

.said drawings,

Fig. lisa vertical sectionalview through'.` a furnace chamber'looking at one of the side walls, parts being broken away-for purposesfvm of illustration; and v F-i-g. 2 `is `a section on `the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

. VReferringto the drawings more in detail,

the installation illustrated therein comprises5 a boiler' 10 havinga furnace chamber. indicated generally. by reference character 12.'

. Thefront and rear walls V14 and 16 of chamber 12 are shown as having on their inner` faces heat absorbing groups'of water tubes .18 and=20 respectively, vand wall 14 has an airchamber19-along its face from which airfor combustion is supplied tochamber 12 through apertures 21, 21'.` The side walls 22 and 24 of chamber 12 also have on their inner1r 6 sides groups of Water tubes 26-and 28 respectively, between which and theinner face of Vvthe wallsproperl are groups of superh'eater . tubes 30 and 32 respectively.

The tubes in groups 26 and 28 are spaced apart suiici'ently so that heat radiation perpendicular to theffaee ofwalls 22 and'24 freely strikes tubes in the superb-eater groups v'although the superheater tubes are shielded somewhat from the non-perpendicular'radi-"35 ation `of the' furnace-by the water tubes 26 and28 to prevent overheating of the superhea-ter tubes. The tubes ingroups 18, 20, 26 Yand 28 are connected into the circulation 80 ofthe boiler 10 inthe usual manner. `Pref-y erably also vthebottom ofthe furnace chamber 12 is cooled by a horizontally inclined group of tubes Swhich is shown as connected to the tubes 18. The tubesofthe 85 Vsuperheater groups 30 .and 32 areconnected toreceivesteamffrom boiler 10 in the usual Amanner. In Fig. 1,`suitable hea-ders. for the lseveral groups ,of tubes 18, 2O, 28 and 34; are

indicated. `The use ofl fsuch headers. is y` well 9 faces of the front and rear walls of the cham-V ber receive radiation almost perpendicularly 'from the fl'ames over substantially. the en.V

tire area ofthe front and rearwalls 14 and 16. As the flames from burners 36,'however,

flow somewhat diagonally of chamber 12, portions of the side walls 22 and 24 are not covered by the sheet of flame from furnace 36 and receive radiation therefrom not only from a greater distance, but at-such an angle that a good deal of the radiation is reflected instead of absorbed. Also the flames are at a considerable average distance from wall 14. The heat absorbing groups of tubes 18, 26

` and 28 of the chamber 12 therefore have not been worked under optimum conditions. In

accordance with my invention, I overcome this difficulty by using auxiliary burners 38, 38 arranged to discharge approximately `horizontally through the front lwall 14 at a level below the center of airchamber 19. Preferably the burners 38 discharge parallel and adjacent to walls 22 and 24, but I do not limit myself to either of Vth-ese features as I 'consider that any arrangement of auxiliary burners with downwardly discharging main burners and in which the dischargeof the'auxiliary burners is .substantially parallel to the central thread of the ingoing air stream and substantially fills with flame the :portion of the lower corner of the combustion chamber adjacent the air admission wall which is alongside the sidewalls falls within my invention. The flames from burners 38 spread over substantially the entire area of the side walls 22 and 24 and thereby great- '1y increase the radiant heat absorbed by the groups of tubes on suchwalls, as wellas the portion group 18 adjacentburners 38.. .The turbulence resulting from the auxiliary burners 38 also improves the combustion eliiciency of the furnace 12. While burners 38 are shown as below air chamber19, it is sufficientv to obtain the desired results in thearrangement illustrated if theyare not above the level of the center of the stream of ingoing air.

The improved heat absorption due to the burners 38-is noticeable not only with respect to the water wall groups of tubes 18, 26 and 28but also with respect to the superheater groups of tubes and 32, since the tubes in these groups are similarly placed with relation to the flames in the furnace as tubes 26 and 28. The arrangement in accordance with my invention therefore not onlyrimproves the heat absorption of the furnace as a whole and of the end walls in particular,

but increases the proportion of the heat absorbed yby partially screened superheater tubes on the side walls of the furnace.

The burner arrangement herein disclosed has, moreover, the great advantage as to radiant superheaters of spreading the combustion over a greater area and thereby decreasing the unit intensity of radiation falling on the superheater units fora given rate of fuel consumption, whereby the maximum metal temperatures are reduced. The arrangement in question has also the important advantage as regards superheaters in that it creates suiiicient-turbulence to cause the combustion to be completed much closer to theburners- As the flamek always tends to spread as it leaves the burner, completing the combustion closer to the burners greatly lessens the'direct impingeinent ofthe flame. on

the superheater and thereby yprotects'prot-QO tantovthe metal of the superheater from overheatiiigj-k Y 1. In combination, a furnace -chamber having heat absorbing sidewalls, main burnerst set alongthe upper part of one of the other walls of'said chamber and discharging downward into the chamber, means for introducing air into said chamber through a vertical wallu thereof transverse tok said side walls and be-* neath said A mainV burners, and -auxiliary 'burners set beneaththe discharge from said main burners and to discharge in to said cham ber through said vertical transverse wall, at

alevel near the lower edge of the stream 0f^105 air fromsaid means. v

2. The .combination of a furnace chamber having heat absorbing front, rear and side walls, main burners set along one of saidwallsother than the side walls and discharging-diagonally downward into the chamber,

means for discharging a stream vof air into saidlchainber below said main burners, Vand auxiliary'burners set to discharge intosaidvv chamber below saidair streamvand in the rection ofsaid air stream and adapted and arranged to cover with flames, in conjunction with said main burners, substantially the entire area of said side walls.

3. 'Ihe combination asset have means for superheating steam.

V4T `In combination, a furnace-chamber having heatabsorbingside walls, main burners..

' set along the. upper part of one'of the other"H125 walls ofsaid chamber and'discharging downwardly into the chamber, means for' introducing air intosaid chamber 'through avertical wallthereof transverse to saidside walls... and beneath said main burners, and auxiliary "130 forth in claim 2i H120 andjin which the heat absorbing; sidewalls gemss burners set beneath the discharge from said main burners and to discharge into said chamber thru said transverse Wall at a level lower than the air stream from said means.

5. In combination, a furnace chamber having front, rear and side walls, a radiant type superheater along one of said side Walls, main burners set along one of said walls other than said side Walls and arranged to discharge downwardly into the chamber, means for discharging a stream of air into said chamber below said main burners, and an auxiliary burner set to discharge into said chamber in the same direction as said air stream and near the lower edge thereof and also adjacent the one of said side Walls having said superheater therealong.

CHARLES W. GORDON.

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