US1892548A - Compound and process for treating vegetable and animal fibers and fabrics - Google Patents

Description

?atented 27, 1932 RICHARD FEIBELM ANN, OF RADEBEUL, GERMANY COMPOUND ANT) PROCESS FOR TREATING VEGETABLE AND ANIELAL.FIBEBS FABRICS Ho Drawing. Application filed September 14, 1931,

This invention relates to the application of arylsulfondichloramides in the textile 1ndI1s try and it particularly relates to the bleaching of difierent materials as for instance fab- 6 rics, washing, fibers, yarns, green vegetable fibers or the like.

The aryl'sulfonchloramides, the chef re resentative of which is paratoluenesulfon 1- chloramide of the formula oH..o.H..so.No1.,

have up to now not been used for textile purposes, whereas the sodium salt of paratoluenesulfonchloramide, the so-called Aktivm is well known in the art as an excellent bleaching agent. The reason why the dichloramides have not been favored may be that they are insoluble in water. Furthermore, one was also afraid of the two molecules of chlorine which would act too strongly on the fiber upon contact of the latter with the solid particles of the dichloramide.

I have now found that particularly this ptoluene sulfondichloramide and other dichloramides are excellent materials for industrial bleaching purposes. They may applied in an alkaline solution or suspension or even in the presence of neutral or acid solutions. As an alkali one may use a metal hydroxide or a metal salt of alkaline reaction as for example an alkali carbonate, silicate, bo rate, phosphate etc. When I use toluenesulfondichloramide and a caustic soda solution a reaction takes placeaccording to the following equation:

CH -C6H4.SOg-NC12 CH .C H .SO .NH QNaCl The bleaching effect, measured by the quantity of the available oxygen, is thus twice as gdeat as that of the monochloramide, which with water reacts according to the equation:

This means that with relatively considerably smaller quantities of the dichloramide Serial No. 562,821, and a Germany a ruia, 1930.

the same effect may be accomplished as with the monochloramide which fact represents great economical progress. The dichloramide readily dissolves in hot water in the presence of alkali metal hydroxide or metal salts of alkaline reaction whereby the danger of a local overbleaching effect by undissolved particles is avoided. And even the presence of not dissolved particles of dichloramide does not matter as in some of the following ex- 3Q amples is described.

Advantageously the p toluenesulfondichloramide is mixed with sodium carbonate or other salts of alkaline reaction whereby the obnoxious odor of chlorine is practically entirely eliminated. The mixture may be pressed into tablets.

' For the better understanding of my invention I am oing'to describe, by way of exampflies, how f may proceed to carry the same 79 e 'ect. I

Ewample I-Mamlfactur'e of the bleaching agent One mixes one part of p-toluenesulfondichloramide with one part or more arts of calcined sodium carbonate. Instea of sodium carbonate one may use an alkali metal silicate, borate, phosphate or the like. The mixture may be pressed to tablets. 3

Example IIApplz'catz'on of p-toluenesulfondzchlommide in the industrial laundry Example III-Bleachz'ng of artificial silk (a) One dissolves 1-2 parts of p-toluenesulfondichloramide with 3-6 parts of calcined sodium carbonate in 1000 parts of hot Water and soaks the artificial silk in the solution for 1-2 hours, whereby the artificial silk is well bleached.

(b) One dissolves 1-2 kg of the product obtained according Example I in 10-20 kg of a 5% caustic soda solution at an elevated temperature. The mixture is diluted with 1000 litres of water, heated to about C. and neutralized by an addition of hydrochloric or acetic acid. Artificial silk is treated with this solution. The progress of the- Example IV-Bowking of cotton under pressug'e y.

In the bleaching of cotton the boiling of the goods with alkali-metal hydroxide under pressure plays a reat part. By adding p-toluenesulfondic oramidetothebowkinglye the initial stages of the cleaning are aceomplished with greater ease inasmuch as the albuminous matter and the resins contained in the cotton are more completely removed. The eifect of the dichlorarnide is shown by the lighter color of the bowked goods and by the readiness with which the goods may be bleached, as well as in the more permanent white color ultimately displayed by the bleached oods.

One ad to the bowking lye for each 1000 kilos of dry goods from 1-2 kilos p-toluenesulfondichloramide either separately or in mixture with 1-2 kilos sodium carbonate or trisodiumphosphate,- and bowks at a pressure of 1-2 atmospheres for 4-6 hours.

Ewample V-Boz'ling o raw cotton and linen goods, mixed f rics of cotton and artz'fiowl silk One dissolves one part of p-toluenesulfondichloramide with three parts of sodium carbonate, which may be entirely or partly mixed before, in 1000 parts of hot water and soaks then the raw goods in this hot solution, whereby the gum, or the starch, contained in the applied goods, is dissolved.

Example VI -De-coloring of dyed goods The alkaline solution of the p-toluenesulfondichloramide applied for this purpose may be made as described in the preceding example, except that its concentration may vary within wide limits according to the stability of the dyestuffs to be destroyed. If necessary, the effect of the alkaline dichloramine solution may be strengthened by adding acid until it gives a neutral or an acid reaction. The dichloramide solution may also be used at a greatly varying range of temperature. a

Example VII-Developing of dyes by omidatz'on Fabrics, which were dyed with the diflicultly oxidizable vat dyestulf Indanthrene Black (which is identical with the dyestufis sold on the American market as Ponsol Black B and Anthrene Black B, BB, both of which have the same Color Index No. 1102), obtain a deep black by being passed through the solution of one part of p-toluenesulfondichloramide in 1000 parts of a 0.3 gr sodium carbonate solution.

Furthermore, vat dyestuffs, requirin an energetic oxidation after having een steamed, may be treated with this solution to obtain the most desirable color shade.

Indigo-sols are readily oxidized by the neutralized or acidulated solution.

' It is obvious from the foregoing examples that only small quantities of the mixture are applied. Even these small quantities have to e carefully applied as upon the addition of the mixture the entire bleaching effect of the agent is rendered available at once and thus may affect the washing.

- prefer therefore, on the ground of close observation, to add the bleaching agent in compressed form instead of a loose powder.

By means of such compressed forms, or

tablets, the quantity of the bleaching agent may be very accurately measured.

It is essential for my invention to perform the dissolving spacedly separately from the washing 0 eration, i. e. the dichloramide should not e thrown directly upon the washing. In the well known washing apparatus the washing is arrarilged in a perforated drum rotari y arrange in a water bath.- It is in this water bath in which I dissolve the slowly dissolving compressed forms, which dissolve only very gradually in the washing liquid. Therefore, the washing is always acted upon by a very dilute bleaching solut on as on aecountfiof the slow dissolving the priorily dissolved parts ,of the bleaching agent have already acted upon the washing and have thus already been used up when further quantities of the bleaching agent. are about to dissolve.

Emample VIII-Oklom'nating wool It depends entirely upon the desired efiect how much of the p-toluenesulfondichloramide must be dissolved for the purpose in view; up to now I have ascertained that from 3 parts of p-toluenesulfond chloramidein 1000 parts of water answer practically all requirements; at first the solution is prepared by alkaline means, then 15 partsof concentrated hydrochloric acid are added in order to precipitate the dichloramide yieldsoaked until active chlorine is consumed.

Ezvample IX-Bleaching of green M.

p-toluenesulfondichloramide which is not or only slightly soluble in Water can be dissolved by an addition of alkali. From this solution it can be precipitated in a finely divided form by the addition of an acid. In

this solution or suspension the material to be I bleached is treated at an elevated temperature. The solution may be kept in a circulatI ng -movement. Toluenesulfondichloramide dissolves in the aqueous solution in the measure in which it is consumed for the bleaching process. As soon as the solution shows an alkaline reaction small portions of an acid may be added, in order to keep the solution neutral or slightly acid, the bleaching process being promoted by the presence of acid.

For instance one to two kilos of toluenesulfondichloramide are dissolved in ten to twenty liters of a5% solution of sodiumhydroxide at a slightly elevated temperature. About 100 liters of water are added and the solution is neutralized with hydrochloric acid. The toluenesulfondichloramide separates in form of a white milk. Now 8 to 10 kilos of the material to be bleached are added to the solution, the material being favorably imbibed with water before. The solution is heated to about 50-70 and is favorably agitated by a stream of air. The bleaching process is continued for about 24 hours.

It is not necessary to start from toluenesulfondichloramide. One may also use this bleaching agent in statu nascendi by acidulating a solution of the sodium salt of toluenesulionchloramide. In this way a mixture of toluenesulfondichloramide and toluenesulfonchloramide is formed. Toluenesulfonamide may be transformed into toluenesulfonchloramide or toluenesulfondichloramide by the addition of a hypochlorite. It is obvious, that one can also start from toluenesulfonamide and transform it into toluenesulfondichloramide by treating it in an aqueous suspension with hypochlorite or with gaseous chlorine in the presence of a substance or" alkaline reaction, as it is known in the art.

What I claim is:

"1. The process for treating textile or fibrous material, said process comprising acting upon said material in an aqueous bath with p-toluenesulfondichloramide in the presence of an alkali-metal compound of alkaline reaction at a temperature above that of the atmosphere.

2. The process for treating textile or fibrous material, said process comprising acting upon said material in an aqueous bath with p-toluenesulfondichloramide in the presence of an alkali-metal compound of alkaline reaction under pressure at a temperature above that of the atmosphere.

3. The process for treating textile or fibrous material, said process comprising acting upon said material 1n an aqueous bath with p-toluenesulfondichloramide in the presence of an alkali-metal compound of alkaline reaction, thereby decomposing the p-toluenesulfondichloramide, and subsequently acidulating the reaction mixture during its action on the fibers.

4. The process for treating textile or fibrous material, said process comprising acting upon said material 1n an aqueous bath with p-toluenesulfondichloramide in the presence of sodium carbonate.

5. The process for treating textile or fibrous material, said process comprising acting upon said material in an aqueous bath with p-toluenesulfondichloramide in the presence of sodium silicate.

6. The process for treating textile or fibrous material, said process comprising acting upon said material in an aqueous bath with p-toluenesulfondichloramide in the presence of trisodium phosphate.

'2'. As a new article of manufacture, a composition of matter consistin of p-toluenesulfondichlorarnide and of so id sodium silicate.

8. As a new article of manufacture a composition -of matter consistin of sulfondichloramide and triso iump osphate.

In witness whereof, I. have hereunto set my hand.

- RICHARD FEIBELNN.

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