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US1888974A - Lubricating composition containing sulphonates - Google Patents

Lubricating composition containing sulphonates Download PDF

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Publication number
US1888974A
US1888974A US206798A US20679827A US1888974A US 1888974 A US1888974 A US 1888974A US 206798 A US206798 A US 206798A US 20679827 A US20679827 A US 20679827A US 1888974 A US1888974 A US 1888974A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
oil
alkali metal
petroleum
derived
lubricant
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US206798A
Inventor
Arman E Becker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Standard Oil Development Co
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Standard Oil Development Co
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Publication date
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Priority to US206798A priority Critical patent/US1888974A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1888974A publication Critical patent/US1888974A/en
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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M1/00Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
    • C10M1/08Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02Groups 1 or 11
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04Groups 2 or 12

Definitions

  • nnvntormmxr company A' eonrona'rron. or DELAWARE L' UBRICATIN 'G COMPOSITION CONTAINING SULIPHONATES R0 Drawing. Application filed July 18,
  • This invention relates tolimprovements in oil compositions adapted for lubrication and other purposes.
  • a petroleum ,lubricating oil is compounded with small amounts of soaps of fatty acids and of ill. soluble sulfonio acids derived from mineral oil.
  • a principal object of my invention is to provide a lubricant having'essentially the o oil-film-maintaining properties of soap-oil compositions, such as are described in my up United States Patent No. 1,628,646, granted May 17, 1927, together with a high degree of penetration power.
  • the improved compositions may be used with special advantage on bearings to which the lubricant isfed by a capillary device, such as a Wick;
  • Thecompositions are adapted for many other usesgsome. 0 of which are referred to below.
  • Sodium oleate and sodium sulphonate are preferred.
  • This composition contains less than 0.2%. of moisture, is fluid at room temperature and-has a slightly higher viscosity than the petroleumv lubricating oil used.
  • the increase of the penetration power is indicated 40 by the larger amount of oil fed in the wick test during'a certain number of hours.
  • alkali metal salts of fatty acids may be used, for example, sodium or potassium stearate or palmitate, or mixtures of these or similar salts.
  • the amount of. this typeof soap may "be varied, but should not in general be less than 0.1% nor more than 0.5% by weight; of the composition; Alkaline earth metal soaps such as calcium oleate, are also suitable, especially for gear box lubricants and the like.
  • a t pical composition of this type is as follows j meters were fed per hour under the same test 7 Percent 55 by weight Petroleum lubricating oil, viscosity 500-600 sec. Saybolt at 100 F 91.5, Calcium oleate 1.5
  • the alkali metal sulphonates are preferably made by neutralizing sulphonic acids in petroleum oil which has been treated with fumingsulphuric acid.
  • the sulphonates are extracted from 5 the oil by alcohol, or the like, and are then separated from the solvent. They are readily soluble in petroleum oil and are known as oil soluble sulphonates derived frommineral oil in contradistinction to water soluble sulphonates derived from mineraloil' by a diiferent niethod- 1 From about 1.0% to 5.0% by weight ofalkali metal sulfonates derived from mineral oil is usually suitable for use in compositions 95 containing about 0.1 to 0.5% of alkali metal soap of fatty acids.
  • the lubricating oil base for my composition will be selected in accordance with the type of machineon which it is to be used.
  • a cylinder oil of high viscosity may be used as a base.
  • a highly purified petroleum lubricating oil liquid petrolatum. or white oil
  • soaps of the type described may be compounded with soaps of the type described.
  • a preferred way of making the composition is to dissolve the soap in theoil while it is heated to above 250 F, but below the boiling point of the oil.
  • the finished composition will be a liquid having a slightly higher viscosity than the oil used as a base.
  • alkali is meant to cover alkali or alkaline earth metals
  • sulphonate is means to cover oil soluble sulphonates derived from mineral oil.
  • a lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum lubricating oil, an'alkali soap of a fatty acid and an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
  • a lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum lubricating oil, an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
  • a lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum white oil containin an alkali soap of a fatty acid and an oil soluEle alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
  • a lubricant comprising a petroleum lubricating oil containing about 0.1% to 0.5%
  • an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid by weight of an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and about 1.0% to 5.0% by weight of an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
  • a lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum lubricating oil containing a small amount of sodium oleate andof an oil soluble sodium sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
  • a lubricating composition consisting essentially of over 90% of a heavy petroleum lubricating oil and small amounts of an alkali oleate and of an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
  • a lubricant comprising a petroleum lubricating oil having a viscosity of about to 600 seconds Saybolt at 100 IE1, and containing a small amount of an oil soluble alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and of an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
  • a lubricant comprising a petroleum lubricating oil containing about 0.17% by aaeaem weight of sodium oleate and about 1.5% by weight of an oil soluble sodium sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
  • a lubricating oil composition comprising over of petroleum-lubricating oil, an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and an oil-soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived frpm the fuming acid treatment of petroleum or 10.
  • a lubricating oil composition comprising over 90% of petroleum lubricating oil and an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid, containing an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil to increase the penetration power of the composition.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

35 Petroleum lubricating 011, v1scos1ty- Patented Nov. 29, 1932 UNITED S ATE PATENT QFFICE' AIRMAN E. imcxnnfor nmzann'rn, NEW mnsnx, Asswuon r isreirnmn on.
nnvntormmxr company, A' eonrona'rron. or DELAWARE L' UBRICATIN 'G COMPOSITION CONTAINING SULIPHONATES R0 Drawing. Application filed July 18, This invention relates tolimprovements in oil compositions adapted for lubrication and other purposes. In a preferred form of the invention, a petroleum ,lubricating oil is compounded with small amounts of soaps of fatty acids and of ill. soluble sulfonio acids derived from mineral oil.
A principal object of my invention 'is to provide a lubricant having'essentially the o oil-film-maintaining properties of soap-oil compositions, such as are described in my up United States Patent No. 1,628,646, granted May 17, 1927, together with a high degree of penetration power. By virtue of this latter property, the improved compositions may be used with special advantage on bearings to which the lubricant isfed by a capillary device, such as a Wick; Thecompositions are adapted for many other usesgsome. 0 of which are referred to below.
Following is a preferred lubricant for wick-fed marine engine bearings or railroad car wheel boxes:
Per cent by weight 46547 5 sec. Saybolt at 100 F. 98. 33 Alkali metal oleate 0. 17 Oil soluble alkali metal sul'phonate 80 derived from mineral oil 1. 50
Sodium oleate and sodium sulphonate are preferred.
35 This composition contains less than 0.2%. of moisture, is fluid at room temperature and-has a slightly higher viscosity than the petroleumv lubricating oil used. The increase of the penetration power is indicated 40 by the larger amount of oil fed in the wick test during'a certain number of hours. Vith a lubricant containing 99.83% petroleum lubricating oil (viscosity 470' sec. Saybolt at 100 F.) and 0.17% sodium oleate, 22 cubic centimeters of lubricant were fed per hour in a16 hours test at room temperature, while with the lubricant of the above example, containing 98.33% of the lubricating oil, 0.17% sodium oleate and 1.50% sodium sulphonate '50 derived from mineral oil, 168 cubic centi- 1927. Serial No. 206,798.
conditions.
Instead of sodium oleate, other alkali metal salts of fatty acids may be used, for example, sodium or potassium stearate or palmitate, or mixtures of these or similar salts. The amount of. this typeof soap may "be varied, but should not in general be less than 0.1% nor more than 0.5% by weight; of the composition; Alkaline earth metal soaps such as calcium oleate, are also suitable, especially for gear box lubricants and the like. A t pical composition of this type is as follows j meters were fed per hour under the same test 7 Percent 55 by weight Petroleum lubricating oil, viscosity 500-600 sec. Saybolt at 100 F 91.5, Calcium oleate 1.5
Oil soluble sodium' sulphonate derived, 7U
from mineral oil 7.
of less than 0.2 per cent and is fluid at room 7 temperature. The viscosities are: 599 (Say- -bolt at 100 F.) for the straight lubricating oil, 7 49 for the composition; and the corre sponding cold test figures are: 5 and 9 respectively. i
The alkali metal sulphonates are preferably made by neutralizing sulphonic acids in petroleum oil which has been treated with fumingsulphuric acid. By a well known method, the sulphonates are extracted from 5 the oil by alcohol, or the like, and are then separated from the solvent. They are readily soluble in petroleum oil and are known as oil soluble sulphonates derived frommineral oil in contradistinction to water soluble sulphonates derived from mineraloil' by a diiferent niethod- 1 From about 1.0% to 5.0% by weight ofalkali metal sulfonates derived from mineral oil is usually suitable for use in compositions 95 containing about 0.1 to 0.5% of alkali metal soap of fatty acids. I The lubricating oil base for my composition will be selected in accordance with the type of machineon which it is to be used.
Wide variation in viscosity is permissible,"for example, between about 7 5 seconds to 000 seconds or more Saybolt at 100 F. When the compositions are to be used in steam cylinder lubrication or the like, a cylinder oil of high viscosity may be used as a base.
When a substantially colorless product is desired, a highly purified petroleum lubricating oil (liquid petrolatum. or white oil) may be compounded with soaps of the type described. I
A preferred way of making the composition is to dissolve the soap in theoil while it is heated to above 250 F, but below the boiling point of the oil. In general, the finished composition will be a liquid having a slightly higher viscosity than the oil used as a base.
The formulas and uses of the improved composition as given above are merely illustrative, and various modifications may be made within the scope of the appended claims, in which it is my intention to claim all novelty inherent in the invention as broad- 11y as the prior art permits.
In the appended claims, alkali is meant to cover alkali or alkaline earth metals, and sulphonate is means to cover oil soluble sulphonates derived from mineral oil.
I claim:
1. A lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum lubricating oil, an'alkali soap of a fatty acid and an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
2. A lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum lubricating oil, an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
3. A lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum white oil containin an alkali soap of a fatty acid and an oil soluEle alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
4. A lubricant comprising a petroleum lubricating oil containing about 0.1% to 0.5%
by weight of an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and about 1.0% to 5.0% by weight of an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
5. A lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum lubricating oil containing a small amount of sodium oleate andof an oil soluble sodium sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
6. A lubricating composition consisting essentially of over 90% of a heavy petroleum lubricating oil and small amounts of an alkali oleate and of an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
7. A lubricant comprising a petroleum lubricating oil having a viscosity of about to 600 seconds Saybolt at 100 IE1, and containing a small amount of an oil soluble alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and of an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
8. A lubricant comprising a petroleum lubricating oil containing about 0.17% by aaeaem weight of sodium oleate and about 1.5% by weight of an oil soluble sodium sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
9. A lubricating oil composition comprising over of petroleum-lubricating oil, an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and an oil-soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived frpm the fuming acid treatment of petroleum or 10. A lubricating oil composition comprising over 90% of petroleum lubricating oil and an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid, containing an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil to increase the penetration power of the composition.
ARMAN E. BECKER.
roe
US206798A 1927-07-18 1927-07-18 Lubricating composition containing sulphonates Expired - Lifetime US1888974A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2415353A (en) * 1944-03-15 1947-02-04 Standard Oil Dev Co Rust preventing turbine oil
US2629692A (en) * 1950-10-13 1953-02-24 Standard Oil Co Grease

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2415353A (en) * 1944-03-15 1947-02-04 Standard Oil Dev Co Rust preventing turbine oil
US2629692A (en) * 1950-10-13 1953-02-24 Standard Oil Co Grease

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