US1888974A - Lubricating composition containing sulphonates - Google Patents
Lubricating composition containing sulphonates Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1888974A US1888974A US206798A US20679827A US1888974A US 1888974 A US1888974 A US 1888974A US 206798 A US206798 A US 206798A US 20679827 A US20679827 A US 20679827A US 1888974 A US1888974 A US 1888974A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- alkali metal
- petroleum
- derived
- lubricant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 20
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 title description 6
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229940042472 mineral oil Drugs 0.000 description 16
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 13
- -1 sulfonio acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 10
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 6
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZCZLQYAECBEUBH-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ZCZLQYAECBEUBH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010727 cylinder oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940114930 potassium stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;octadecanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ANBFRLKBEIFNQU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
- C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
Definitions
- nnvntormmxr company A' eonrona'rron. or DELAWARE L' UBRICATIN 'G COMPOSITION CONTAINING SULIPHONATES R0 Drawing. Application filed July 18,
- This invention relates tolimprovements in oil compositions adapted for lubrication and other purposes.
- a petroleum ,lubricating oil is compounded with small amounts of soaps of fatty acids and of ill. soluble sulfonio acids derived from mineral oil.
- a principal object of my invention is to provide a lubricant having'essentially the o oil-film-maintaining properties of soap-oil compositions, such as are described in my up United States Patent No. 1,628,646, granted May 17, 1927, together with a high degree of penetration power.
- the improved compositions may be used with special advantage on bearings to which the lubricant isfed by a capillary device, such as a Wick;
- Thecompositions are adapted for many other usesgsome. 0 of which are referred to below.
- Sodium oleate and sodium sulphonate are preferred.
- This composition contains less than 0.2%. of moisture, is fluid at room temperature and-has a slightly higher viscosity than the petroleumv lubricating oil used.
- the increase of the penetration power is indicated 40 by the larger amount of oil fed in the wick test during'a certain number of hours.
- alkali metal salts of fatty acids may be used, for example, sodium or potassium stearate or palmitate, or mixtures of these or similar salts.
- the amount of. this typeof soap may "be varied, but should not in general be less than 0.1% nor more than 0.5% by weight; of the composition; Alkaline earth metal soaps such as calcium oleate, are also suitable, especially for gear box lubricants and the like.
- a t pical composition of this type is as follows j meters were fed per hour under the same test 7 Percent 55 by weight Petroleum lubricating oil, viscosity 500-600 sec. Saybolt at 100 F 91.5, Calcium oleate 1.5
- the alkali metal sulphonates are preferably made by neutralizing sulphonic acids in petroleum oil which has been treated with fumingsulphuric acid.
- the sulphonates are extracted from 5 the oil by alcohol, or the like, and are then separated from the solvent. They are readily soluble in petroleum oil and are known as oil soluble sulphonates derived frommineral oil in contradistinction to water soluble sulphonates derived from mineraloil' by a diiferent niethod- 1 From about 1.0% to 5.0% by weight ofalkali metal sulfonates derived from mineral oil is usually suitable for use in compositions 95 containing about 0.1 to 0.5% of alkali metal soap of fatty acids.
- the lubricating oil base for my composition will be selected in accordance with the type of machineon which it is to be used.
- a cylinder oil of high viscosity may be used as a base.
- a highly purified petroleum lubricating oil liquid petrolatum. or white oil
- soaps of the type described may be compounded with soaps of the type described.
- a preferred way of making the composition is to dissolve the soap in theoil while it is heated to above 250 F, but below the boiling point of the oil.
- the finished composition will be a liquid having a slightly higher viscosity than the oil used as a base.
- alkali is meant to cover alkali or alkaline earth metals
- sulphonate is means to cover oil soluble sulphonates derived from mineral oil.
- a lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum lubricating oil, an'alkali soap of a fatty acid and an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
- a lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum lubricating oil, an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
- a lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum white oil containin an alkali soap of a fatty acid and an oil soluEle alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
- a lubricant comprising a petroleum lubricating oil containing about 0.1% to 0.5%
- an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid by weight of an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and about 1.0% to 5.0% by weight of an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
- a lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum lubricating oil containing a small amount of sodium oleate andof an oil soluble sodium sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
- a lubricating composition consisting essentially of over 90% of a heavy petroleum lubricating oil and small amounts of an alkali oleate and of an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
- a lubricant comprising a petroleum lubricating oil having a viscosity of about to 600 seconds Saybolt at 100 IE1, and containing a small amount of an oil soluble alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and of an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
- a lubricant comprising a petroleum lubricating oil containing about 0.17% by aaeaem weight of sodium oleate and about 1.5% by weight of an oil soluble sodium sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
- a lubricating oil composition comprising over of petroleum-lubricating oil, an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and an oil-soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived frpm the fuming acid treatment of petroleum or 10.
- a lubricating oil composition comprising over 90% of petroleum lubricating oil and an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid, containing an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil to increase the penetration power of the composition.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
35 Petroleum lubricating 011, v1scos1ty- Patented Nov. 29, 1932 UNITED S ATE PATENT QFFICE' AIRMAN E. imcxnnfor nmzann'rn, NEW mnsnx, Asswuon r isreirnmn on.
nnvntormmxr company, A' eonrona'rron. or DELAWARE L' UBRICATIN 'G COMPOSITION CONTAINING SULIPHONATES R0 Drawing. Application filed July 18, This invention relates tolimprovements in oil compositions adapted for lubrication and other purposes. In a preferred form of the invention, a petroleum ,lubricating oil is compounded with small amounts of soaps of fatty acids and of ill. soluble sulfonio acids derived from mineral oil.
A principal object of my invention 'is to provide a lubricant having'essentially the o oil-film-maintaining properties of soap-oil compositions, such as are described in my up United States Patent No. 1,628,646, granted May 17, 1927, together with a high degree of penetration power. By virtue of this latter property, the improved compositions may be used with special advantage on bearings to which the lubricant isfed by a capillary device, such as a Wick; Thecompositions are adapted for many other usesgsome. 0 of which are referred to below.
Following is a preferred lubricant for wick-fed marine engine bearings or railroad car wheel boxes:
Per cent by weight 46547 5 sec. Saybolt at 100 F. 98. 33 Alkali metal oleate 0. 17 Oil soluble alkali metal sul'phonate 80 derived from mineral oil 1. 50
Sodium oleate and sodium sulphonate are preferred.
35 This composition contains less than 0.2%. of moisture, is fluid at room temperature and-has a slightly higher viscosity than the petroleumv lubricating oil used. The increase of the penetration power is indicated 40 by the larger amount of oil fed in the wick test during'a certain number of hours. Vith a lubricant containing 99.83% petroleum lubricating oil (viscosity 470' sec. Saybolt at 100 F.) and 0.17% sodium oleate, 22 cubic centimeters of lubricant were fed per hour in a16 hours test at room temperature, while with the lubricant of the above example, containing 98.33% of the lubricating oil, 0.17% sodium oleate and 1.50% sodium sulphonate '50 derived from mineral oil, 168 cubic centi- 1927. Serial No. 206,798.
conditions.
Instead of sodium oleate, other alkali metal salts of fatty acids may be used, for example, sodium or potassium stearate or palmitate, or mixtures of these or similar salts. The amount of. this typeof soap may "be varied, but should not in general be less than 0.1% nor more than 0.5% by weight; of the composition; Alkaline earth metal soaps such as calcium oleate, are also suitable, especially for gear box lubricants and the like. A t pical composition of this type is as follows j meters were fed per hour under the same test 7 Percent 55 by weight Petroleum lubricating oil, viscosity 500-600 sec. Saybolt at 100 F 91.5, Calcium oleate 1.5
Oil soluble sodium' sulphonate derived, 7U
from mineral oil 7.
of less than 0.2 per cent and is fluid at room 7 temperature. The viscosities are: 599 (Say- -bolt at 100 F.) for the straight lubricating oil, 7 49 for the composition; and the corre sponding cold test figures are: 5 and 9 respectively. i
The alkali metal sulphonates are preferably made by neutralizing sulphonic acids in petroleum oil which has been treated with fumingsulphuric acid. By a well known method, the sulphonates are extracted from 5 the oil by alcohol, or the like, and are then separated from the solvent. They are readily soluble in petroleum oil and are known as oil soluble sulphonates derived frommineral oil in contradistinction to water soluble sulphonates derived from mineraloil' by a diiferent niethod- 1 From about 1.0% to 5.0% by weight ofalkali metal sulfonates derived from mineral oil is usually suitable for use in compositions 95 containing about 0.1 to 0.5% of alkali metal soap of fatty acids. I The lubricating oil base for my composition will be selected in accordance with the type of machineon which it is to be used.
Wide variation in viscosity is permissible,"for example, between about 7 5 seconds to 000 seconds or more Saybolt at 100 F. When the compositions are to be used in steam cylinder lubrication or the like, a cylinder oil of high viscosity may be used as a base.
When a substantially colorless product is desired, a highly purified petroleum lubricating oil (liquid petrolatum. or white oil) may be compounded with soaps of the type described. I
A preferred way of making the composition is to dissolve the soap in theoil while it is heated to above 250 F, but below the boiling point of the oil. In general, the finished composition will be a liquid having a slightly higher viscosity than the oil used as a base.
The formulas and uses of the improved composition as given above are merely illustrative, and various modifications may be made within the scope of the appended claims, in which it is my intention to claim all novelty inherent in the invention as broad- 11y as the prior art permits.
In the appended claims, alkali is meant to cover alkali or alkaline earth metals, and sulphonate is means to cover oil soluble sulphonates derived from mineral oil.
I claim:
1. A lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum lubricating oil, an'alkali soap of a fatty acid and an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
2. A lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum lubricating oil, an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
3. A lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum white oil containin an alkali soap of a fatty acid and an oil soluEle alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
4. A lubricant comprising a petroleum lubricating oil containing about 0.1% to 0.5%
by weight of an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and about 1.0% to 5.0% by weight of an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
5. A lubricant comprising over 90% of a petroleum lubricating oil containing a small amount of sodium oleate andof an oil soluble sodium sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
6. A lubricating composition consisting essentially of over 90% of a heavy petroleum lubricating oil and small amounts of an alkali oleate and of an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
7. A lubricant comprising a petroleum lubricating oil having a viscosity of about to 600 seconds Saybolt at 100 IE1, and containing a small amount of an oil soluble alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and of an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
8. A lubricant comprising a petroleum lubricating oil containing about 0.17% by aaeaem weight of sodium oleate and about 1.5% by weight of an oil soluble sodium sulphonate derived from mineral oil.
9. A lubricating oil composition comprising over of petroleum-lubricating oil, an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid and an oil-soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived frpm the fuming acid treatment of petroleum or 10. A lubricating oil composition comprising over 90% of petroleum lubricating oil and an alkali metal soap of a fatty acid, containing an oil soluble alkali metal sulphonate derived from mineral oil to increase the penetration power of the composition.
ARMAN E. BECKER.
roe
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US206798A US1888974A (en) | 1927-07-18 | 1927-07-18 | Lubricating composition containing sulphonates |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US206798A US1888974A (en) | 1927-07-18 | 1927-07-18 | Lubricating composition containing sulphonates |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1888974A true US1888974A (en) | 1932-11-29 |
Family
ID=22768012
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US206798A Expired - Lifetime US1888974A (en) | 1927-07-18 | 1927-07-18 | Lubricating composition containing sulphonates |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1888974A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2415353A (en) * | 1944-03-15 | 1947-02-04 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Rust preventing turbine oil |
| US2629692A (en) * | 1950-10-13 | 1953-02-24 | Standard Oil Co | Grease |
-
1927
- 1927-07-18 US US206798A patent/US1888974A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2415353A (en) * | 1944-03-15 | 1947-02-04 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Rust preventing turbine oil |
| US2629692A (en) * | 1950-10-13 | 1953-02-24 | Standard Oil Co | Grease |
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