US1862823A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

June 14, 1932. J, HOLVECK PUMP Filed May 17.. 1929 RE M iiilllil Patented Jun '14, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOSEPH E. HOLVECK, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE ALDRICH PUMP COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA PUMP Application filed May 17, 1929. Serial No. 863,891.

This invention relates to pumps and more particularly to a compensating device for eliminating the surge or pressure variationsin the discharge of pumps such, for example, as hydraulic pumps.

An object of this invention is to provide a device for use with reciprocating pumps constructed and arranged so as to eliminate the surge or variations in pressure always present in discharge lines of such pumps.

A further object is to provide a compensating device of the type set forth which can be readily applied to pumps already in operation.

A further object is to provide a compensating device of the type set forth which will be simple and rugged in construction efficient in operation and easy to manufacture and install.

These and other objects which will be apparent to those skilled in this art, are accomplished by means of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of a reciprocating 5 pump provided with one embodiment of this invention. Figure 2 is a similar view taken from the right of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a partial sectional view through a compensating device constructed in accordance with one embodiment of this invention.

The particular embodiment of this invention which has been chosen for the purposes of illustration is shown in connection with a triplex reciprocating pump of standard form. The invention includes a separate compensator cylinder which is open to the discharge line of the pump. A plunger is associated with this compensator cylinder and is operated in such a manner that when the discharge flow of'the pump is above the desired mean, the plunger will move outwardly so as to permitthe compensator cylinder to absorb the excess water or other material from the discharge line of the pump. On the other hand, when the pump discharge is less than the mean, the plunger will be moved into the cylinder and force the surplus water back into the discharge line at a rate which will bring the discharge flow up to the desired 50 means.

In the illustrated embodiment the compensator plunger is operated by means of a cam which is secured directly to the crank shaft of the pump. the layout of the cam being determined from ordinary well known engi,

rod 13 and plunger 11 in the cylinder casing 10, the latter is provided with packings 16 and 17 respectively, held in position by glands 18 and 19, respectively.

The plunger 11 has a yoke 21 rigidly secured at the outer end for supporting a roller 27 on a small axle 22. This roller 27 is adapted in any suitable manner for rotation in respect to its yoke 21, and for engagement with a suitably designed cam 28.

This cam 28 is adapted to be secured to and v rotatable with the crank shaft 44 of a suit able multi-cylinder pump 30.

The extending rod 13 of the plunger 11 is provided with an encircling spring 24 whichsis held in place between the gland 18 7 and a washer. 25 by a lock nut 26 threaded on the end of this rod 13. This spring is of sufiicient strength to reduce the thrust of the roller 27 against the cam 28. In other words,

of sufficient strength so that the encircling spring 24 will resist the pressure inthe cylinder chamber 12 just enough to permit sufficient force on the plunger 11 to keep the roller 27 against the cam 28 and to cushion the piston against pressure of liquid in the cylinder. Thus, the piston 11 is sensitive to the pressure in the discharge line, thereby lessening the operating burden of the cam 28.

The cylinder casing or wall 10, as seen from Figure 3, has an inner and centralling disposed cylinder or chamber 12 whose diameter 2' rseaeaa is larger than the diameter of the plunger tial plunger 11 will have moved into the cyl- 11 operative therein. It will be noted that inder 12 and forced out into the discharge the plunger .11, having an upper piston porline of the pump 30 sufficient liquid to bring tion terminating in a lower rod portion, is the discharge thereof up to the mean desired.

' g completely encircled by the wall through In employing this invention the port 14 is 70 the opposite ends of which it extends. Furconnected with the discharge line 15 of such ther, the opposite ends of the casing 10 have a pump as 30, as the cylinder 10 is rigidly seinwardly extending slots of a diameter somecured at a suitable position on the frame what greater than the diameter of the plung and cam 28 is rigidly secured to the end of m or portion received therein, which near the the crank shaft 44: for rotation therewith in outer edges are threaded to receive glands 18 timed relation thereto. and 19. These glands 18 and 19 are employed What 1 claim as new and desire to secure by to hold suitable packing, 16 and 17, respec- L t rs Patent is:

tively, within the enlarged slotted portions. 1- The combination with a discharge appam The upper or piston portion of the plunger ratus having a crank shaft and a discharge member 11 in normal position i dispo ed line, of means secured to said apparatus and somewhat above the central portion of the cooperating therewith for maintaininga coninner cylinder or cha ber 12, Thi i eeeomstant rate of flow in said discharge line, said plished by positioning a spiral s ring 24 ove means including a cylinder casing having a 2a the extending rod portion 13 of the member chamber in open communication with said @5 11 and holding it in place between the lower line, a plunger associated with said chamber gland 18 and a nut and wash r m an 25-26 and having a piston portion terminating at positioned at the extreme end of the rod 13. one end in a rod portion, said portions ex- Thus, it will be seen that, apart from the tending through opposite ends of said casas central chamber 12, the device has no air ing, a resilient means positioned on the ex- 9 chamber, but completely encircles the plungtending rod portion of said plunger for holder 11 to prevent any air whatsoever getting ing sald plunger in a normal position, a into the fluid chamber 12 and thus upsetplunger-operating-cam secured to said crank ting the charted discharge rate. shaft for moving said plunger, so that said 80 The device is adapted for use with any plunger will be operated to force more liquid multi-cylinder pump 30 such as shown in into the discharge line when the discharge of Fig. 2; the particular pump illustrated beh appa a us is below mean. ing of a Vertical triplex single acting type; 2. The combination with a discharge apbut, it will be apparent that this inventi n paratus having a crank shaft and a discharge as can b dil d pt d t a y in l o d line, of means secured to said apparatus and ble acting type of multi-cylinder pump. cooperating therewith for maintaining a con- As shown, the pump 30 is operated bymeans stant rate of flow in said discharge line, said of any suitable source of power 29 provided m ans including a cylinder casing in open with a shaft 31 and a coupling 33. This cow communication with said line, a plunger assoli d i th h ft 32 d i iti d ciated with said cylinder and having a piston 305 b tw th frame 35 f th pump d an portion terminating at one end in a rod porauiriliary supporting structure 36. A. gear tion, said portions extending through oppo- 34 is rigidly secured to this shaft 32 for ro- Si ends of said casing, the extending por tation therewith. This gear 3 meshes with a tions of said plunger being sealed at entry as gear 35 which drives the crank shaft 44 of into Said y d r c ng, S that S d a 1110 the pump. The plungers of this pump are her will be air-proof, a resilient means disindicated as 37, 38 and 39 in the drawing and po ed on he extending rod portion of said the suction line as 40 and the discharge line plunger for holding said plunger in a normal as 15.; position, and a plunger-operating-cam se- Efl In practice, the design of the circumference Cured to said crank shaft for moving said of the cam 28 is in conformity with the curve plunger, so that said plunger will be operated of the combined discharge of the cylinders o o ce more liquid into the discharge line of the pump at any given interval and for a when the discharge from the apparatus is complete revolution of the crank shaft. below mean.

55 Point 50 of this cam 22 represents a point on 3. The combination with a discharge apthe curve of the discharge of the pump when paratus having a crank shaft and a discharge it is below meamand 51 a point when the line, of means secured to said apparatus and discharge is above mean. cooperating therewith for maintaining a con- In general, the cam 28 is so timed that when stant rate of flow in said discharge line, said ml the discharge of the pump is above mean or means including a cylinder casing in open at a point such as 51, the differential plunger communication with said line, a plunger assowill have moved out in its compensating cylciated with said cylinder and having a piston inder 12,taking the excess discharge fluid into portion terminating at one end in a rod porthe cylinder, but when the discharge is less tion, said portions extending through oppothan means, such as atapoint 50, the difierensite ends of said casing, said piston portion 1 having a diameter less than the diameter of said chamber, the extending portions of said plunger being sealed at entry into said casing so that said chamber will beair-proof, a resilient means disposed on the extending rod portion of said plunger for holding said plunger in a normal position, a plunger-operating-cam secured to said crank shaft for moving said plunger, so that said plunger will be operated to force more liquid into the discharge line when the discharge from the apparatus is below mean.

4. The combination with a discharge apparatus having a crank shaft and a discharge line, of means secured to said apparatus and cooperating therewith for maintaining a constant rate of flow in said discharge line, said means including a cylinder casing having an inner chamber in open communication with said line, a plunger associated with said chamber and having a piston portion terminating at one end in a rod portion, said portions extending through opposite ends of said casing, the extending portions of said plunger being sealed by gland and packing means from entry into said casing until entry into said chamber so that said chamber will be air-proof, a re silient means positioned on said extending rod between the end thereof and the face of the casing, so that said plunger will maintain a given position with respect to said chamber, a plunger-operating-cam secured to said crank shaft for moving said plunger, said cam having a circumferential out-line conforming to the curve of the combined discharge of the units of said discharge apparatus, so that said plunger will be operated to force more liquid into the discharge line when the discharge from the apparatus is below mean.

5. The combination with a discharge apparatus having a crank shaft and a discharge line, of means secured to said apparatus and cooperating therewith for maintaining a constant rate of flow in said discharge line, said means including a cylinder casing having an inner chamber in open communication with said line, a. plunger associated with said chamber and having a piston portion at one end terminating in a lower rod portion, said portions extending through opposite ends of said casing, said piston portion having a diameter smaller than the diameter of said chamber, the extending portions of said plunger being sealed by gland and packing means from entry into said casing until entry into said chamber, so that said chamber will be air-proof, a spring positioned on said cxtending rod between the end thereof and the lower face of the casing, so that said plunger will maintain a given position with respect to said chamber, a plunger-operating-cam secured to said crank shaft for moving said plunger, said cam having a circumferential outline conforming to the curve of the combined discharge of the units of said discharge apparatus, so thatisaid plunger will be operated to force more liquid into the discharge line when the discharge apparatus is below mean.

6. The combination with a discharge apparatus having a crankshaft and a discharge line, of means detachably secured to said apparatus and cooperating therewith for maintaining a constant rate of flow in said discharge line, said means including a cylinder casing having an inner chamber in open communication with said line, a plunger associated with said chamber and having an upper piston portion terminating in a lower rod portion, said portions extending through opposite ends of said casing, said piston portion having a diameter less than the diameter of said chamber, the extending portions of said plunger being sealed by gland and packing means from entry into said casing until entry into said chamber, so that said chamber will be air-proof, a spring positioned on said extending rod between the end thereof and the lower face of the casing, so that said plunger will maintain agiven position with respcct to said chamber, a plunger-operating cam detachably secured to said crankshaft for moving said plunger, said cam having a circumferential outline conforming to the curve of the combined discharge of the units of said discharge apparatus, so that said plunger will be operated to force more liquid into the discharge line when the discharge from the apparatus is below mean.

7. The combination with a discharge apparatus having a crankshaft and a discharge line, of means detachably secured to said apparatus and cooperating therewith for maintaining a constant rate of flow in said discharge line, said means including a cylinder casing having a centrally disposed chamber in open communication with said line, a plunger having an upper piston portion terminating in a lower rod portion, said plunger being disposed for operation in said chamber and being positioned to extend through opposite ends of said cylinder casing, the upper of said piston portions having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the chamber in which it is disposed for operation, the portions of said plunger extending through the opposite ends of said casing being tightly sealed and being positioned to slide therethrough, a resilient means positioned on the extending rod portion of said plunger and abutting against the lower face of said casing for holding said plunger in a normal position, a plunger-operating cam detachably secured to said crankshaft for moving said plunger, said cam having a circumferential outline conforming to the curve of the com bined discharge of the units of said discharge apparatus, so that said plunger will be 0perated to force more liquid into the discharge line when the discharge from the apparatus is below mean.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto sub scribed my name this 11th day of May, 1929.

JOSEPH E. HOLVECKM

Images