US1857011A - Bit-forging machine - Google Patents

Description

May 3, 1932.

L. BORTKEWICZ BIT FORGING MACHINE Filed May 25, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet l May 3,1932. L. BORTKEWCZ 1,857.011

BIT FORGING MACHINE Filed May 25, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 2v T-Sr.

INVENTOR ,Dfw www@ @M1 MMM M Patented May 3, 1932 *A UNITED srAr ss PATENT OFFICE i Louin nonmxnwrc'z, `or Racoon, lrn'ivi'vsYLvliivra BIT-noname MACHINE Application led May 23,

My invention relates to a bit-forging ma-y service, and frequently must be renewed. As

a matter of fact, cutter bitswhich in service have been rendered inefhcient are re-pointed; each bit is repeatedly re-pointed until. the body of the bit is decreased to such extent that it can no ilonger be adequately secured in the coal-cutting machine. In addition to the utility in forming new cutter bits the machine of my invention finds use in the sharpening or re-pointing of dull bits. i

In my co-pending yapplication Serial No. 882,214, filed July 30, 199.9,.which Vbecame Patent No. 1,818,601, dated August 11,1931, I disclose a forging machine whichfis particularly effective to the end in view.. The machine includes an anvil to which preheated bit blanks (or preheated bits to be re-pointed, for that matter) are fed. Y (lo-operating with the anvil are two movable dies, whichdies or forging heads are alternately brought to forging position against the anvil, and so, upon a sequence of such alternate movements 0f the dies, a. cutter bit is formed. The dies of the machine do their forging undertlie reactionary forces of springs, and I point out in the above mentioned application theadvantages of spring-operated dies. VrIhat is, spring-opere ated dies have been found to deliver a forging blow which is closely akin to a blow delivered by a hand hammer-ablow which is instrumental in improving rather than spoiling rthe grain structure kof the steel bit. vFor pur poses of safety, as Well as for simplicity of structure, the instrumentalities.for operating the forging dies are organized below the bed of the machine. This machine has been suc` cessfully operated, and has been'found advantageous in the particulars set forth, and

Mani- 1930. serial-N0. 455,005.

vmy present invention has to do with certain refinements which will presently be described. Itk o ften happens that the stock of which a new bit is to be forged (or the shank ofpan old bit which isto be re-pointed) *is bent, "mfp and one importantv refinement of this .invention concerns a blank-straighteningdevice f whichy is associated withthe novel blank" feeding means Vof my improved machine. Y

Other valuable improvementsand reline-` 1 ments ,in the structure of the machine are described in the following specification.

In theV accompanyingdrawingsFig. I is a Aview in planiof the improvedA machine; Fig.

II 1s a' View ofthe machine in? sideelevation; 66. 1

Fig. IIIgis a viewin cross-section, taken on larger j scale the blank-straighteningdevi'ce Fig. IV lis aviewin 'vertical section, taken f on the planeIV-IV of yFigII, illustrating 7c;

in detail the blank-feeding portionlof the machine; and Fig. is a view of the topy ofY the plunger whichfisfV employed in the feed- `ing device of the machine, and there is shown in association with the plunger the e]ector for 75,A

- ered to be essential to a clear understanding of its'.` operation and structure are indicated.

The machine comprises a bed, to which bed'the reference numeral 1 is immediatelyy applied, and frame 'members 2 support such bed. Y A feeding device, indicated generally 85 by the reference numeral 3, is adapted to pre? sent blanks through aironening 4 inthe bed of the machine'to an anvil v5, and two dies or f heads 6 and `7l are reciprocated and brought alternatelyinto forging position upon theY anvil to form a cutter bit or, as mentioned above, to re-point a bit which in use has become dull). The anvil includes two faces one of which is yformed complementary to g5 the forgingface ,8 of head 6, and the other one of which anvil faces -is formedn'complementary to the forging face 9 of yhead 7. Together the anvil faces and the forging yfaces vof these heads l.are adapted, when they viccI a hand hammer. To this end resilient means f are organized m the machine toeffect the.

movement of. the lheads 6 and 'Z into forging position upon the anvil o. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, I attach an arm 16 to the head-7. The headisslidable in a guide 17. v

This arm 16 is pivotally. mounted between the bracket 18 ofthe machine, and by means of the pin. andgroove.

connection 19 the angular oscillation of theV arm 16; is Ltransmitted ,to thehead tof effect its reciprocation. in, the guide 1l. FixedY Vto the 20,;anflafter somoving thearm against suchi.

armi lftat one end', and torastationary portion ofthe machine at the other end, is ai spring 202; Means are provided torrotatepositively the arm 16 against the'resistance.; of spring` resistance. the sai'd means are adapted to re lease the;I arnri to theV forrest of the` distended spring, Manifestly, in-.thevv illustrated machine-the springwill effectA the` movement of the headV "(into forgingposition against an- Vil 5?. v Y i The meansfor effecting rsuch positive movement` andthe release of the arm; 161Y advanta- Vgg'eously'comprisea cam 21-`which is affixed to;

a counterV shaft 221' This counterV shaft is geared at 23m-the drive shaft 24 ofthe marA chine, and the drivel shaft. is conveniently equipped with: a belt pulley 25T and afclutch 26 for: controllingtherota-tion Yof said shafts.

may be-seen'inFigIV, thecam Qlliasan indented' surface Qld/,fand rotation ofthe cam.

ina clockwise direction will-periodically ef-' feet; the release of theendL 16al of the arm 16,. andsthereby permit thenspning 20.- to operate the-forging head-'as described-i `After such releaseyoffthe arm-16funther rotation ofl the, shaftv 22 and ca1n21l bringsthe'camfto suchl position that its face portion 2.1bpresses against the end 16a ofthe arm, and, continued rotation of the ca1n,elfects the retur-nwvof the arm aud-` head to itsi-nitial position, for Vthe Y `delivery of another forging blow.` Inthis. J.'positiondue.tothe fact that cam.Y surface 210.

bears againstt-he end 16a. ofthe. arnnthe, arm and. headl are maintained for aninterval of time suflicient to permit the unobstructed op erationrof the forging headl 6. Y'

The head 6`sli`d'es in a gwuide 30, and, asin-,V dicated in Fig. I, is adapted to strike a bit blank which Vis in position upon thev anvilV a forming blowL To provide theV desired point on bit blank: A the forming blows of heardjr 6 are directed at an angle of 90 degrees tothe line of movement of the head`7'. An arm 33 ispivotedto a standard. 34", andis secured to thehead 6r by means ofthe pin and groove Y connection 35. Aspri'ng 36" issecuredf to the arm 33' and Vto a convenient stationary portion of the machine, similar to the manner in which the spring 20 is secured Vto the arm 16. By means of the helical cam 37 the end 33a of the arm 33 is released to the force o-f the expanded spring 36, and, o-f course, movement of the head 6 into forging'position is thereby effected.v Due toits particular structure cam 37 is adapted to-eflect a return of armBSlt-o its initial. position (Fig. II), and there it retains the armvr until the head 7 has performed. In the matter of simplicityT of structure, it will be noted that the cams (21, 37) are of such form as to permit both of them to be aliixed tothe, shaft 22.. Such unitary mounting of the camsis advantageous, because it permits the camstobe adjusted on ai single sha-ft, and insures a positive synchronization of the alternatelyf moving heads 62 andi 7.

ItA is desirable to move theheads 6" and 7 angularly downward upon the anvil. The

troublesome inertial of the moving parts of the: machmeseems to be more readily over come, and the forging operation offthe machine is improved, when the dies or heads are reciprocated'upon ani'ncline instead ofina vertical or-horizontal pathA Between the-` removal from the anvilV of afinished cutter bitY and the'insertion yof a; new bit blank, an

intervalI of time elapses, and in this` interval f steel), which member isrigid'ly Vsecured to the bodyofthefforging'head. For the greater Vpart ofthe travel of the; head the member k6() moves freely within a groove Owliich is provided forY it the guide associated with the head'.y When, however, the head reaches such position inv its forgingstroke that the forgin Y face offthe head is about to strike the anvil 5,

thel member 60. comesV against: a stationary iat shoulder 80 in the groove 70. Consequently,

thegf'or'ce ofthe impact ofthe head lon theanvil is dampened: indeed, by*V appropriately Y disposing-'the shoulder 80, the forging head may be VVprevented from striking the head g' furthermore,theforcewithwhich the forging irs head. strikesa bit blanken the anvil may in like manner be regulated. f

I have stated, that before Vfeeding a; blankv or a dull bit to the anvil' for forging, it is desirable andquite often necessary to'straighten'- the bodyl portion ofsuch blank orbit. To effect the straightening of4 theV blanks, I provide in thefeeding device 3 an oscillating die 4:2pivotallymountedon apin- 4B. It is of advantage to' s'o locate the blankstraighten- '"3' Cal ing means within the feeding device; this is for the reason that the heated blank to be forged need be handled only once to obtain the truing of its body, the feeding of it to the anvil, the forging of its cutting point, and its removal in finished form` from the machine. Referring to Figs. III and IV, it may i The arm 44 ispivotally secured on a pin 46,

and, as is manifest in the drawings, the eccentric head 45 causes with a. wiper cam action the oscillation of disc 42, that is, when the arm 44 is vibrated about pin 46. Convenient means to effect the vibration or oscillationof arm 44 include a lever 47 which is pivotally secured at 48 to the frame 2 of the machine. The outer end of the lever 47 carries a rod 49, and the upper end of this rod is in engagement with the terminus of arm 44. The inner end of lever 47 rides a wiper cam 50, which wiper cam is geared to a moving element of the machine for rotation. Through such linkage the oscillation of die 42 is conveniently obtained.

In the operation of the machine a heated blank A (Fig. III) is dropped into the mouth 40 of the feeding device, and the powerfully vibrating die 42 with a rapid succession of movements squeezes the body of the blank against the wall 41a of the chute 41. So, while passing into the chute 41, the blank A is straightened. When it is freed from the die 42 the blank A slides down chute 41, across opening 51, and lands point up upon the plunger 52. By means of convenient connections (not shown) thelplunger 52 is elevated, bringing the blank up through passage 54 to suitable position for forging on the anvil 5 (see Fig. IV). When the forging heads 6 and 7 have suiiiciently operated to build the desired point on the blank, the plunger is lowered, bringing with it the finished cutter bit. While the plunger is on its way downward an ejector 53 is caused to move from the full line to the dotted line position of Fig. IV; and, as may be realized from the showing in Fig. V, the ejector and the plunger are of such complementary strucpresent a bit blank to the anvil. Accordlngly, the passage 54 is unrestricted during the feeding of a bit blank.V When, however, the bit blank has been forged, and the plunger is moved downward, the ejector 53 is swung to its dotted line position. In such dotted line position the ejector lies athwart the passage 54; due to the complimentary shape of the ejector and plunger (see Fig. V) the plunger moves freely past the ejector in its downward movement. The finished bity resting on end upon the plunger is engaged by the upper faces ofthe ejector, and thereby is caused, as the plunger lowersl away from the ejector, to slide to the right (Fig. IV) and down passage 51. The means for operating the ejector, as well as the means for operating the plunger are not shown in the drawings, inasmuch as their provision is a vmatter for the ordinary engineer.

A'more detailed description of the abovementioned parts will be seen in my co-'pending application kfor Letters Patent Serial No. 601,315, filed March 26, 1932.

I claim: y

1. In combination with a blank-feeding device including a chute, a pivotally mounted die in the wall of saidchute, and means for continuously oscillating said die, whereby a blank, upon entering the device, moves by gravity past said oscillating die and is straightened. v

2. In combination with a bit-forging machine including a forging head and operating means for powerfully reciprocating such forging head, a blank-feeding device, which feeding device comprises a chute arranged at an angle tothe horizontal, and a pivotally mounted die associated with said chute, together with connections from said operating means to said die for effecting the oscillation of said die about its pivotal mounting, whereby a blank, upon entering the device, moves by gravity past said oscillating die and is straightened.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand. LOUIE BORTKEWICZ.

ture that the ejector may be so moved, without i interfering with the movement of the plunger. The ejector, however, does intercept the` cutter bit in its downward movement; that is to say, the ejector in its declining position n is instrumental in causing the finished bit A, as the plunger lowers, to slide outwardly through opening 51 and away from the machine. It will be understood that the ejector 53 is maintained in its full-lined position when the plunger 52' yis moving upward to

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