US1846035A - Machine gun and automatic small arms - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 23, 1932. c. A. L AwoN Erm..

MACHINE GUN AND AUTOMATIC SMALL ARMS Filed Jan. 13. 1931 Patented Fe. 23, i932 g CARL ALFRED LABSSON AND PERCY RE'UB ASSIGNOBS TO 'VICKERS-ABMSTRDNGS BRITISH. COMPANY mi meson, LIMITED, or

or wns'rMiNsTER, ENGLAND, wEsTMINsTm, ENGLAND, A

MACHINE GUN AND AUTOMATIC SMALL ARMS Application liled January 13, 1981, Serial No. 508,403, and in Great Britain February 10, 1930.

This invention relates to machine guns and automatic small arms of the gas operated type in which the operating piston connected to the breech mechanism moves rearwardl against the resistance of a helical recoil spring which reacts to move the mechanism to the forward oriiring position.

The chief object of the present invention is to provide improved constructions of machine guns and automatic small arms of the above type inwhich a, buiier spring is provided or absorbing excess recoil energy in the moving parts.

In ordei` that the said invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into effect, the same will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figr' 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the rear part of a gun provided with one constructional form of our improvements, and

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of another constructional form of our improvements.

VA is the gun barrel, B is part of the gun' casing, C is the gas operated iston rod, D is the striker post carried by t e said piston rod, E is the breech bolt which is rocked into and out of its engaging position with a portion B2 of the gun casing by the co-operation of projections D1 on the striker post with inclined or cam surfaces E1 in the bolt as is well understood, F is the recoil spring and G is the buier spring disposed behind and in line with the recoil spring F.

In the construction shown by Figure 1 the rear part of the recoil spring F surrounds a member F1 slidably mounted in a part BL attached to the gun casing; the rear end of this spring bears against a collar F2 on the said slidable member and its front end bears against .the rear end of the operating piston rod C which has a key CX on each side engaging in a guideway C1 in the gun casing. The

member F1 has a rearward stem F3 which passes through a hole in the rear wall of the part B1 and the buier spring G, which is made of stouter construction than the recoil spring F, is disposed around this stem with its front end in contact with the rear surface of the collar F2 and its rear end in contact with the front surface of the rear wall of the part B1. The front part of the member F projects a suitable distance beyond the front of the part B as shown.

During normal working the rearward movement of the piston rod C on firin the gun compresses the recoil spring F and the member F recedes slightly under the pressure of the recoil. spring which is transmitted to the buffer spring G through the collar F2 both these springs then re-acting to return the parts to the forward position. During such normal working the rear end of the piston rod C does not reach the projecting front end of the member F. If, however, there should be excess energy in the movinnn parts during their rearward movement, tle rear end ofthe piston rod C strikes the projecting end of the member F and the spring G thereupon comes into operation as a buifer spring. A separate buii'er spring E2 is provided for the breech bolt E.

In the modified construction according to Figure 2 the rear end of the recoil spring F is disposed Within the buffer spring G and bears against a collar H on a guide rod H1 for the former spring, the collar in turn bearing against the rear wall of the aforesaid part B1. The rod H1 lits within a hole in the piston rod C and the front end of the spring F enters the said piston rod and bears against a shoulder'as shown. The rea-r end of the buffer spring G is in contact with the rear Wall of the part B1 and its front end bears against a collar or sleeve H2 slidablv carried by the said part with its front portion projecting there rom as shown. Thus when there is eX- cess energy in the recoiling parts the rear end of the piston rod C strikes the collar or sleeve H2 and this brings the buffer spring G into operation.

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is yl. In a machine gun or automatic small arm of the gas operated type, the combination with the breech mechanism, of an operating piston, a helical recoil spring which resists the rearward movement of the breech mechamism and reacts izo move che letter to the for- 'Werd or firing position, e buer spring of siente-r cone'ruction han seid recoil spring seid buHer spring being arranged cl3-axially with respec*J to the recoil spring, a. ide rod for said recoi spring the rear -en of said 'rod bearing against a part attached to theun casing, e coller on seid rod the rear en of seid recoil spring bearing against'said coller, i@ and e sleeve slidabl7 carried by seid part end bearin against said hurler spring which is arrange around the reer end of the recoil spring and with its rear end bearing against said part, the front end of seid sleeve prol@ jecting beyond said per@ so that it cen be moved rearward by the rear end of the rod cf seid operating piston in order to compress -the buffer spring.

2. in e machine gun er automaic small erm of the ges operated type, the combination "with the breech mechanism, of an operating piston rod for seid mechanism, e helical reeoil spring arranged behind and in line with the piston rod7 e, buffer spring oi? stouter construction than seid recoil spring, said buier spring being arranged behind end in line Willi seid recoil spring.; e. siideble member, a ceiler on seid member against the front sur- ;ece oi which 'the rear end of the recoil spring beers and against the rear surface of which ehe freni; end o1? ehe buffer sV ring bears, said member being arranged te e struck by the reelq end of the operating piston rod when there is excess recoil energy in the moving parte, und e rearward stem on said member, seid siem passing through the buHer spring und hrcugh e, hole in e pari; attaehed to the gun ageing 'L LTRED LA RSSGN. REUBEN HGSUN,

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