US1738067A - Self-cleaning saw for bark-peeling machines - Google Patents

Description

W. HARPER SELF CLEANING SW FOR BARK FEELING MACHINES Dec." 3, 192 9.

5 Sheets-Sheet l Filed June 25. 1927 w. HARPER 1,738,067

SELF CLEANING SAW FOR BARK FEELING vMACHINES Filed June 23. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Dec. 3, 1929.

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W. HARPER SELF CLEANING SAW FOR BARR FEELING MACHINES.

Filed June 23. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Dec. 3, 1929. w. HARPER SELF CLEANING SAW FOR BARK FEELING MACHINES Filed June 23. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 //1 ve/ol 1//7//4/77 Hamer Dec. 3, 1929. w. HARPER SELF CLEANING SAW FOR BARK FEELING MACHINES 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed June l25, 1927 Patented Dec. 3, 1929 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE lWILIllULLlE HARPER, OF ALBANY, OREGON, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF TO HERBERT C. MORRIS, OF ALBANY, OREGON SELF-CLEANING SAW FOR BARKPEELING MCHINES Application filed June 23, 1927.

My invention relates to bark peeling machines, as used in the pulp and paper industries and has tor its primary object, the renlovel ot the bark from round sections of logs ot relatively short lengt-hs.

The invention consists primarily of a main central framed structure in which are mounted a set of cradle like knees, upon which the log section is deposited; power means may then be set in motion for the self centering of the log and power means for the chucking oit the same about its central axis; means permitting the removal ot the log section after the same has been linished consists in the downward hinging ot one of the sides oi the cradle-like holding means to permit ot the rolling ot the log section from the device and power means consisting oit central shaft; means 'for driving the saine, a series of wabble cutter heads as saws being' mounted upon the shaft in spaced re` lationship and means preventing the deposit of removed material from between the spaced cutter heads, as saws, means being also provided for the withdrawing of the removed bark sections as by suction.

A further object of the invention consists not only in the removal ot the bark, but consiste also in the removal of knots and limbs and other projecting :foreign matter from the body portion ot the log section.

Still further objects ot the device consist in providing a cradle for the reception of the log section, with incansfor the selt and automatic centering otl the log` section and jaw engaging` elements adapted to enggag'e central oli' each ci the log sections and chuck the same to permit of the power rotation of the chucks and the engaged log about a common center.

Still `tnrther objects of my invention conin providing means for predetermining 'the depth ot cut that the bark removing blades are to make to prevent the removal of an undue portion of the log in the peeling operation; means is also provided for the removal of the bark that may be lett within the depressions within the log surface after he major portion ot the bark has been removed.

Serial No. 200,884.

Still further objects of my invention consist in providing automatic elements tor throwing out the feeding elements the object oi which is to prevent the overstressing ot the feeding elements and to impart thereto a factor el. sai'ety.

A ilurther object of the invention consists in providing means for the withdrawal of theremoved bark portions by suction means.

Vlith these and incidental objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel features ot construction and combination of parts, the essential elements ot which are set forth in the appended claims, and a pre ieri-ed tornil of embodiment of which is hereinafter shown with reference to the drawings which accompany and form al part of this specification.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a sectional, side elevation, of the assembled device, the same being taken on line AB ot' Fig. 2, looking in the direction indicated.

Fig. 2 is a sectional, front elevation, oit' the assembled device, taken on line 2 2 of Fig. l, looking in the direction indicated.

Fig. 3 is atop, plan view, partially in sec* tion, the same being taken on line 3 3 `of Fig. 2, looking;v in the direction indicated.

Fig. l is a fragmentary, side elevation, taken on line 4 4 ot Fig. l, looking in the direction indicated.

Fig. 5 is a 'liragmentar side elevation, of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. l, the same being taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction indicated.

6 is a sectional, end view, taken on line 6 6 of Fig. l, looking` in the direction indicated.

Fig. 7 is a top, plan view, of the sub-frame upon. which the motor and the cutter head is mounted for the main bark removing and peeling device.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary, side elevation, of the bark removiing1 cutter head and the associated elements for the removal of the finely divided traglnents of barkthat have the tendency to become 'deposited and entrapped petifeen the elements composing the cutter iea Fig. 9 isa detailed, end view, of the cutter head, taken on line 9-9 of Fig. 8, looking in the direction indicated.

Fig. 10 is a si-de elevation of the assembled device, illustrating the various drives and unit controls composing the same.

11 is a top, plan view, of a part of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 1, the same being, taken on line 11-11 of Fig. -1,looking in the direction indicated.

Fig. 12 is a diagrammatical layeout of a log section, illustratingthe series of operation in sequence as performed thereupon.

Fig. 13 is a detailed View of the cradle mechanism.v v Fig. 14 is vai di'agrammatical lay-out, showing how the bark is removedV from depressions formed within the log surface. Like reference characters refer to like 'parts throughout the several views.

The machine in the illustrative form of embodiment disclosed herein is vdesigned ymore especially for use inthe pulp and paper industry, however, certain features of the machine and the functions to be performed Ythereb may be used to advantage in various yother ranches of industry, the accompanying drawings show the invention in a preferred form adapted to the particular ree quireinents of a pulp and paper mill, but it ris tor be understood that it is not rintended to limit the invention to such use as it may well be adapted to analogous and other uses.

Described in general terms the machine is as follows: A log section to be barked is rolled down the runway 1, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, and rolls within a cradle composed of arms 2 and 3. rlhe arm 3 is preferably madelonger than the arm 2, to pre- 'vent the momentum of the log section carryingV the same out of the cradle. Then the log section comes to rest within the cradle,

composed of the arms 2 kand 3, the next step in its operation is to chuck the log section and impart rotation thereto. Y The cradle arms 2 yand 3 are disposed upon vertical stems,

vals shaft 4, which are threaded on their outer the shaft 10 being rotated by the prime mover, as an electric motor 11. Secured to each of the shafts of the worms and 8 are bevel gears 12 and 13 which are in working relationshipwith bevel gears 14 and 15 disposed adjacent the lower ends of the vertical shafts 16 and 17. It is highl desirable to maintain each side of the crad e at the same starting elevation. Upon the lowering of the cradle elements to the initial starting position, each side of the same is actuated through the action of the worin and the worin wheel. Through the medium of the clutches 18 and 19 each side of the cradle is returned to the zero or starting position. To permit of the freeing of the log from the cradle, when the cradle has been lowered to the full zero position, as illustrated in Fig. 13, the locking pawl 2O hinged about the supporting pin 21 engages with the table 22 and unlatches the locking end 23 of the locking pawl from engagement with the lower end 24 of the arm 3 of the ciadle thus permitting a hinging down of the arm 3 thus permitting the log section to roll freely from the cradle. A spring 25 normally maintains the arm 3 in raised position when the arm is unloaded,

or without the weight of the log section thereupon. The spring 25 is secured at its fixed end to the stem 5, by being inserted within a slot 26. The upper end of the spring is disposed beneath the stud 27 and operates there against.

To permit of the quick centering of the log section, the vertical shafts 16 and 17 have bevel gears 28 and 29 disposed at their upper ends which coact with bevel gears 30 and 31. Bevel gears 3() and 31 aie secured to shafts 32 and 33 upon which woiins are disposed which are adapted to engagement with the worm wheels 34 and 35. The worin wheels are in threaded engagement with the threaded stems 36 and 37. The threaded stems 36 and 37 pass through the housing 38 and 39 and as the worm wheels 34 ant 35 are rotated, the shafts 36 and 37 are actuated. Engaging heads 40 and 41 are disposed respectively upon the lower ends of the stems 36 and 37 and are adapted to engage the upper side of the log section, being centered between the heads 40 and 41 and the cradle arms 2 and lVhen rotation is imparted to the shaft 10, the cradle sections are raised and simultaneously therewith the heads 40 and 41 are lowered at substantially the same rate of speed so that the log` sections, irrespective of diameter, will be substantially centered between the chucking faces 42 and 43. If the log section is smaller at one end than at the other, the clutch 18 or the clutch 19 will slip until the oppositely disposed engaging head has been made to engage the upper side of the log section at which time the operator will manipulate the clutch lever 44 secured on its inner end to the journal pin 45 and the connecting rod 46 will manipulate the clutch 47. The operator of the device stands upon the operating platform 48, illustrated in Fig. 12, and operating switches are disposed upon the switch board 49, which are so located as to be easily accessible to the operator of the device. The electric motor 50, illustrated in Fig. 2, is wired to the switches disposed upon l UU lll)

the switch board 49. Directly connected to the shaft 51 of the motor 50 is a driving shaft 52 secured within bearings 53 and 54 of the main trame ot the machine 55. Driving ele ments shown in the drawings, as chains 5G and 57, connect with stub shafts 58 and 59. Mounted upon the shafts 58 and 59 are gears 00 and 61. These gears are in registerable alignment and in working'` relationship with elongated gears G2 and 03. Threads 64 and G5 are formed upon the inner end of the gears 02 and 63 which are in threaded relationship with the hubs 66 and 67 disposed within the side walls ot the trame and the gear elements 02 and 08 as rotated have lateral movement imparted thereto, and lateral movement is also imparted to the chuck engaging faces ft2 and 48 because of the threaded engagement with the hubs and 67. lVhen the motor is running in its forward position, the chuck :laces will be made to engage the faces oit the lop; section and when the motor is rotated in theopposite direction, the chuck laces will be made to disengage the log' section. After the log; section has been substantially centered and the chuck faces have been made to engage the opposite end sections of the log, the prime mover 11 is operated in the reverse direction to disengag'e the engaging heads 40 and 41 and the cradle supports Jfrom the log which will then be free to rotate. rlhe clutch engagingr faces 42 and 43 are carried upon spindles, one of which runs entirely through the gear element- 02, as illustrated in Fig. 2, and has mounted upon its outer end a sprocket 08 which has associated therewith a driving element, as a chain 09. The chain 69 is in working' relationship with the sprocket 70, illustrated in Fig. 2, and a prime mover 71. operates through a speed reduction box 72; the desired sneed being1 imparted to the log, to operated upon, by the shifting of the speed elements within the speed reduction box 72 by the manipulation of the gear shifting` lever 73. A clutch 74 mounted upon the shaft, of 'the electric motor 71 is adapted for manipulation through the foot lever 75 so that the clutch .may be thrown into and out of en- ,sagement by the depressing` ot' the toot lever 7 5. As the log section is rotated, the bark removing elements are made to engage there with.

ln Fig. l, the log section is shown in dotted position at 7 6. A n inclined guideway 77 mounted upon the side wall 78 of the main trame of the machine, carries a super i" rame 79, mounted upon trunnion wheels 80 and 81. he same is substantially balanced through the counterweight 82, suspended by a flexible element 88, running` over the grooved pulley 84 and is then connected to the underside oi the trame through-a guideway The fuideway is positioned upon the adjusting rod 86. The adjusting rod 8G is threaded on its outer end and passes through a worm wheel 87, and is in threaded relation therewith. The worm wheel is held within limits olf movement through the action ofhubs 88 and 89, mounted on the underside of the super frame 79. Power ot rotation is imparted to the worm wheel 87 through the worm 90. The guideway 85 is mounted upon the lower end of the adjusting and posi.- tioning rod 86 and is limited in its movement through the action of collars 91 and 92. The collars 91 and 92 permit of a partial movement olf the guideway 85 and of the super trame, relative to the positioning; and adjusting rod 80. A prime mover, as an electric motor 98, is s cured to the secondary frame 110 and driving elements 94 and 95, as illustrated in Fig. 3, pass about pulleys or sprockets upon either end of the shalt of the motor and are adapted to drive the arbor 96 mounted within suitable bearings within the 'secondary Ytrame 110. The outer surface is removed from the log section by wabble saws or dado saws 97, mounted upon a mandrel or arbor 96 and are in spaced relationship thereupon and are so held by spacing collars 98. TheH saws being' inclined at an angleto the central longitudinal axis oit the arbor.

There is always a tendency for materials of this kind beingr removed to build up between the saws and prevent the eilicient cut ting or the saws; to prevent this, a second arbor 98A is mounted within a suitable housing;r bearing ot the secondary trame 110, and is adapted to being driven by the driving` elements as chains 99 and 100, illustrated in Fig. 3; saws are also mounted upon this mandrel and are in spaced relationship upon. arbor 98 by spacing' collars 101 thereupon and of like width to the spacing collars disposed upon arbor 96 and the saws 102 are made to engage and operate between the saws disposed upon the opposite arbor in order to remove any deposits of cut or foreign material that is deposited therebetween. The secondary trame 110 is mounted upon the super frame 79 and maintained in position through the action of a king' bolt 103, 1llustrated in Fig. 7. An, arcuate slot 104 is disposed in the upper end of the secondary traine 110 and articulates about a pin 105 disposed within the slot 104. The reason for moving the secondary frame and the arbor disposed thereupon is to compensate for the taper oi the lop,` section and to permit the removal ol the outer surface parallel to the slope of the log. The secondary trame 110 is positioned through the action ot the hand wheel 106 operating1 the shalt 1.07. `The shaft 107 carries a worm 108 that coact-s with a rack 109 disposed in registerable alignment therewith and mounted upon the rear ot the secondary frame 110. This pern'iits olE an accurate adjustment ot the cutter heads to that ot the log sect-ion and the difference y in diameter of the log is compensated for by the movement of the super frame relative to the main frame 7 8 of the machine.

It is highly desirable and necessary in devices of this kind to provide means for regulating the depth of cut of the wabble saws, .in order to prevent the removal of the v l pulp making sections of the log and to remove practicallyall of the bark therefrom. It is necessary therefore, as illustrated in Fig. l9,to provide working elementsfor predeter- Amining the depth of cut of the saws, determined by the thickness of the bark which is the controlling factor. The shaft 96 runs -transversely of the cuttinghead upon which lthe wabble saws are mounted. Disposed central of theshaft`96,`is the depth roller 111 disposed between the side frames 112 which Y. 111 upon the outside surface of the log, de-

vwiththe-main frame of the device.

termines the depth to which the wabble saws 97 may penetrate the outside surface of thelog. The hand wheel 115 positions the side frames 112-by threaded engagement of the threads disposed upon the shaft 116 with that of the housing 117. A dovetail joint 118 `is disposed between the base of the side frames 112 and the secondary frame 110. l have placed a hood 119, illustrated in Fig. 12, over Lt-he primary cutterheads having a flexible tube 120 leading therefrom and connecting toa source of suction not here shown, but which may be `of any desired suction elements that are .suitable for such purposes. The operationv thus described leaves an un` peeled section of log disposedbetween the ends thereof around its outer surface; to remove'this unpeeled portion, I have provided a second series of saws 121, mounted upon an arborV 126, illust-rated in Fig. 1, the same being driven by a driving element 122 through the medium of a prime mover, as an electric motor 123, the same being adapted to being raised and lowered through' the threaded supporting rods' 124 and 124A, the prime m ver and the head being supported through a bracket 125 that is in slidable relationship A vertical movement being impartedto the assembled unitliy imparting rotation to the shafts 124iL and 124 which are respectively7 threaded through the gears 170 and 171 disposed upon the top ofhousing128. lVhere it is found necessary,T to remove knots orother projecting surfaces from the log section, as illustrated in Fig. 13, at 129, I have disposed upon the front of the machine a third set of dado or wabble saws 130, mounted upon the arbor 131, the same being driven by the driving element 132, power being furnished by the prime mover, as an electric motor 133. This unit is supported upon the cross frame 134, illustrated in Fig. 1 and in Fig. 5, and the same is adapted to being raised and lowered upon the side frames of the machine. This being accomplished through the threaded relationship with the gears 148 and 149 disposed upon the upper side of the frame member 128, the same being manipulated by the operator of the device through the control leverI 139, illustrated in F ig. 1() and in Fig. 2. The control lever 139 is connected to the bell crank 140 through the link 141, the same actuating the clutch rod 142, illustrated in Fig. 11. This is adapted to throw the clutch gears 143 and 144 into and out of engagement with the driving bevel gear 145. The clutch gears 143 and 144 are mounted upon the shaft 146 and when the same has rotation imparted thereto, the gears 147 and 147A are made to coact with bevel gears 14S and 149, mounted upon the threaded supporting rods 135 and 136 so that when the shaft 146 is driven in one direction, the frame 134 and the elements associated therewith will be lowered and when the shaft 146 is driven in the opposite direction the frame 134 and the associated elements will be raised. This adjustment is provided in advance of the projection 1.29 to be removed reaching' the cutter heads, the purpose of which is to remove the projection 129 to the depth predetermined by the positioning of the cutter head 130, by the operator of the device through the operation of the control lever 139.

is illustrated in Fig. 14, depressions 147B may be found in the outer surface of the log section and to remove the bark therefrom I have provided a third unit of wabble saws 148B, as illustrated in Fig. 2, the same being mounted upon shafts and spaced apart by collars. This unit is carried within side frames 149B and 150B in hinged relationship and slidable upon the cross shaft 151. The cross shaft 151, as illustrated in Fig. 4, is mounted within the frame 152, which is adapted to being raised and lowered through the action of the threaded supporting rods 153 and 154. A prime mover is mounted upon the frame 152 and drives the arbor through the driving element 156. The side frames 149B and 156B are slidable upon the cross shaft 151 and the same may be positioned by laterally moving the same relative to cross shaft 151 by the operator engaging hand lever 157 and moving the same laterally of the shaft 151. A prime mover for furnishing power for raising` and lowering the different heads disposed within the fralne, is mounted upon the top frame 128 as shown at 157A and the same drives the driving chain 158, as illustrated in Fig. 11. The driving chain 158 drives a jack shaft 159 upon which are mounted bevel gears 1115 and 160 each oi these bevel gears run continuously through the operation ci the prime mover 157A. A set ot bevel gears 161 and 162 are elidably disposed upon the shaft 163 and the same are adapted to having longitudinal movement imparted thereto and rotation to the shaft through the action ol the operating lever 16a, as illustrated in Fig. 12. The pull rod 165 connects with the bell crank 166 disposed at the upper end thereof` which is mounted upon the top frame member 128 and the bevel gears 161 and 162 are adapted to longitudinal move-- ment and to being manipulated through the pull lever 164 and the connecting links disposed therebetween and the yoke 167. Disposed upon the outer ends oit the shaft 168 are revel gears 168 and 169 which coact with bevel gears 170 and 171 that are secured to the supporting and adjusting rods 124i and 12d-fr adapted to raise and lower the bracket 125. Then the cutter head for removing the bark within the depression 147 has been lowered to the desired position, through the manipulation of the lever 157, the cutter head may then be moved laterally until all of the bark disposed within the depression has been removed through the action of the cutter head. Disposed upon the actuating` clutch rod 142 is a solenoid 175 which normally rides upon the trame of the machine and is secured thereto, the clutch rod 142 passing1 therethrough and acts as the core of the solenoid. Referring to Fig. 5 the threaded supporting rod 1.36 has a contact collar 178 disposed thereupon which makes an electric contact with contact bar 177. This Contact is made when the trame 134 has been actuated into the full cutting position. The completion of the electric current through the contact bar 177 and the conductor 179 tor supplying electric energy from a source not here shown, energizes the solenoid 175 and actuates the core 176 thereby disengaging the driving elements 143, 111er and 145.

l have shown in Fig. 11 and in Fig. A6 and in Fig. 8, like actuating devices tor the prevention of over feeding ot the feeding elements but the same are not described in detail as they are for the same purpose and operate in a similar manner to that just described.

Disposed upon the adjusting rod 86 is a collar 178 which is placed in a fixed position thereupon and when the secondary iframe 110 is actuated, the electric contact bar 177 en with the collar and the same is caused to complete the electric circuit through the bar 177 and the electric conductor 17 9 passes the current through the solenoid 17 5 and energiaes the same causing the core 176 of the solenoid to actuate the clutch driving element and to disengage the same, as illustrated in Fig. 6.

lVhile the form of mechanism herein shown and described is admirably adapted to fulfill the objects primarily stated, it is to be understood that it is not intended'to confine the in vention to the one il'orm ol embodiment herein shown and described, as it is susceptible of en'ibodiment in various forms, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

1, ln a. machine of the class described, a main framed structure, a pair of cradle arms disposed upon threaded stems, cooperating elements tor raising and lowering each pair oli cradle arms, one side of cach pair of arms being hinged relative to the other and to the stem, a pair ol movable heads superposed above the cradle arms and in registerable alignment therewith and power means for raising and lowering the cradle arms and the heads simultaneously.

2. 'ln a machine o'f the class described, pairs ot cradle arms, one arm of each pair being longer than the oppositely disposed arm of the same pair and in hinged relation wi th the opposite arm, engaging heads superposed the cradle arms, manipulative means tor raising and lowering the cradle arms and the heads simultaneously to center a log section therebetween, chuclring element-s for engaging the end sections of the log when ccntered and power means for rotating the chucking elements and the log at predetermined rates of rotation.

8. In a machine of the class described, a -.trained structure, cooperating centering elements for positioningr a log section central to chuclring elements, power means for engaging the chucking elements central of the end sections of the log, power means for rotating :he log section when ehucked, power means tor removing projections outwardly disposed upon the surface of the log section, power means for removing a portion of the outer surface ot the log parallel with the slope o1c the log tor a predetermined depth and means for lowering the log section from the chucks and discharging the same from the supporting elements.

e. In a machine of the class described, a main framed structure, a superposed frame cooj'icrating with the main frame, a cutter head cooperating with the superposed frame, power means for driving the cutter head associated with the superposed frame, cooperating elements adapted for moving the cutter head back and forth upon the main trame and means for imparting a pivotal movement to the super-posed frame.

5. In a machine of the class described, a superpesed trame cooperating with the main trame ci the device, and outwardly extend ing from one side ot' the main frame, a secondary frame carried upon the superposed frame and a cutterhead journaled within the secondary frame, said cutter head being composed of a multiple of saws mounted in spaced relation upon an arbor and standing at an angle to a vertical line passing longitudinally of the center line of the cutter head, power` meansfor driving the cutter head, means for imparting a lateral movement to the cutter head relative to that of the superposed frame and means for partially'rotating the secondary frame relative to the superposed frame.

6. In a machine of the class described` a Cutter head mounted relative to a supporting frame, said cutter head comprising an arbor, angle collars disposedupon'the arbor having saws disposed therebetween, power means for driving the arbor and saws, means for imparting lateralmovement to the cutter head,

means for partially rotating one end of the frame supporting ythe cutter head about a pivotal bearing provided at the other end thereof and a depth roller for predetermining the depth of 4cut toy be ina-de by the cutter head. Y

7. In a machine of the class described, a cutterk head rcomprising an arbor, angle collars disposed upon the arbor and in spaced relation'thereupon and having cutter elecutter elements, space'd in parallel relation upon an arbor, elements adapted to run between lthe cutting elements of the cutter head adapte-dto remove deposits formed therebetween, driving elements for the associated cutting elements of thev cutter-head and the cleaninglelements, a supporting structure for the cutting element-s, means for imparting longitudinal movementv to the cutter head, and "to impart partial rotation to the supporting structure and-means for predetermining thedepth of eut to be made by the f cutter head. l

' 9..'In a machine of the class described, a main frame, logvcentering and chucking ele- Vments adjustably disposed within the frame,

means for driving the chucking elements at a predetermined rate of speed, cutter heads for removing the outer surface of a log par allel to the slope of the log section, to a predetermined depth, chucked within the chucking faces, means for removing any projections on the surface of the log in advance of removing the surface of the Ilog and 'means for surfacing depressions disposed within the face of the log.

10. A machine of the class described, which comprises mechanism for supporting a log whereby it may be rotated upon its axis including means affording such rotation, mechanism for axially positioning a log relative to the supporting mechanism aforesaid, a plurality of spaced rotary cutter elements adapted for engaging the outer or bark surface of a log supported in the aforesaid supporting mechanism, a plurality of rotating elements adjacent sai-d cutter elements each of which revolves between two adjacent of the aforesaid rotary cutter elements and forming a means for cleaning and vremoving substances collecting between the aforesaid rotary cutter elements.

WILLIAM HARPER.

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