US1732361A - Piston - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 22, 1929. 5.1m HAR-VOG 1,732,361

` PIsToN Filed OCT.. 2l, 1927 Fig. 4:

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llliy invention relates to improvements in pistons, and rnore particularly to pistons adapted toi use in internal cornhustion engines and having a metallic 'composition Y which has a relatively high percentage ot aluminum, magnesium or similar rnetals.

Better results are obtained troni-internal coniloustion engines having light 'Weight reciprocating parts, such as the pistons7and the light Weight metals used tor thispurpose are aluminum', aluminum alloy, magnesium and tical purposes similar metals. These metals have properties which must he considered in the torinationfot pistons, namely, a relatively low spe citicgravity', a .relatively high thermal conductivity`,` and a comparatively high thermal expansionratio. it is the object oit this invention ito vproduce a piston I using these metals, in which the latter property is rendered comparatively ineffective tor all prae 'i portant oloject ot this invention, therefore, is the production oi a piston so .constructed that the heat oi combustion which danses 'undesirable expansion oi `the piston slriit5f"is"`so`diverted and impeded in the course'outits transmission from the head oi the piston toits shirt, that its induenceupon theslrirt ofthe piston is reduced to a ininin muni. y 4

@therohi eotsand advantages ot rny invention vvill he apparent during the course oi the tollowing description,

' linl the accompanying drawings which torina part ot this speeiiicatien'end vvherej in lilrezcharacters ot reference denote like or corresponding parts throughout the same? i ltligure l is a plan vievv oi rny improved pistonr p ltligure El is a side elevation thereoit9 Figure is a vertical section' on the line ldigurel is al horizontal sectionv on the line lF=-lEl oi Figure| it lin the drawings wherein tor the purposel A olf illustration is shown a preferred einloodinient ot niy invention the numeral 'tl desire natos the head oi the piston having a depen i dit ing rin'i d in vvhich a series oi ring grooves 'l torrned receive srntatle panting inpsy not shovvn., lhe shirt d oit the piston is separated iroin'the head t and rirn d hy an opens ing d 'llhe piston shirt is relieved or corn-r pletely eut avvay at diametrreally opposite points and said cutaway portions entend irons points' spaced troni the loottoin oli' the slrirt to the opening tlt it. rilo or strait l0 is arranged centrally ont each cutaway portion dnd conneotsthe head or rino o oi the piston vvith the portion oi the slrirt forming the lovver side ot the cutaway portion. "-'llhe struts l@ are odset inwardly to avoid contact with the cylinder Wall andare formed integrally with the head and skirt ot thel piston. y x i 'lhe lower ends oi 'he struts l0 are provided vvith elongated openings il which entend intofthe shirt d and divide the lower ends of the struts into spaced arnos vvhich arey rein'liorc'ed 'hy strengthening rihs lil which are arranged on the inner side thereot. The portions oi 'the skirt immediately helovv' the struts l0 are presided with diagonal or inliti clined slits 13 which entend vl'rorn the bottom of the shirt into the openings il.

Vliston pinreceiving hulos or hosses lll are integrally termed on thestruts l() adjacent their center and project inwardly therei'rorn. The hubs ld are provided with the usual hores l5, and` vvhile the hubs entend a substantial distance inwardly troni the struts l0 they do not entend beyond theouter snritaceoit the shirt. Transverse struts lo connect the hulos `la, adjacent their inner ends, vviththe shirt d at the side edges oi the cutaway portions. YlFhe-struts lo are arranged. horieontally and function to resist the side thrust to which the piston is sulojected when in operation llt will lue-seen, then, that the hnhs it are joined at their outer-ends to the head and the lower portion oit thev shirt loy the suh portions being integrally connected with the strutsl 16 and the outer portions of the hubs 14 being integrally connected with the struts 10, there being no direct connection between the struts 10 and the struts 16 or between the separated portions of the hubs. The struts 10 and 16 are,therefore, independent of one another, andi lheat passing from the head through the strut will not be conducted to the struts 1G and the adjoining skirt portions.

In the operation of my improved piston, the head portion is subjected to direct heat generated by the explosion of gases in the combustion chamber, and this heat is conducted away through the integrally connected struts, 10 and through the surrounding metal of the cylinder. The struts 10 are the only portions of the piston having director integral connection with the head of the piston and the only path by which the heat may be conducted to the piston skirt. The heat is `so reduced' when it reaches the bottom of the skirt that very little is transmitted upwardly to the side walls of the skirt, and is therefore. compartively ineffective due to the long and ciry cuitous route which it must travel.

ksubjoined claims.

While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of my invention, it will be understood that various changes in the size, shape and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departingfrom the spirit of my invention or the scope of the Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is': A

1. A piston comprising a head, skirt and piston pin hubs, each of said hubs comprising spaced portions, one of said spaced portions of each hub being connected to the head and the lower portion of the skirt, and the other portion of each hub being connected to the sides of the skirt.

2. A piston comprising a head, skirt and piston pin hubs, said hubs being split whereby they are divided into spaced portions, one ot said portions being joined by members with the head and skirt, and the other portion of saidhub being joined by members' with the .skirt of said piston.

3. A piston comprising a head, skirt and piston pin hubs` members joining the hubs with the head and skirt, and members `joining said hubsV with the skirt, said hubs being split between the joining members whereby said joining members are independent of one another.

4. A piston comprising a head, skirt and piston pin hubs, struts integrally connecting the hubs with the head and skirt, and struts integrally connecting the hubs with the skirt of the piston, the struts being arranged in spaced relation, each of said hubs being split weasel to torni spaced portions, one or" said portions being connected to one strut and the other portion being connected to the other strut whereby said struts are independent of each other.

5. A piston comprising a head, a skirt spaced Jfrom said head, said skirt being provided'with diametrically opposed cutaway portions, longitudinal struts connecting the head with the portions 'of the skirt at the lower ends of the cutaway portions and arranged adjacent the centers of the cutaway portions, piston pin hubs carried by said struts and projecting inwardly therefrom, a transverse strut connecting the inner end ot each hub with the skirt adjacent the side edges of the cutaway portions` said hubs being split between the longitudinalandtransverse struts whereby the hubs are each divided into spaced port-ions, one portion connected to the longitudinal strut and the other portion connected to the transverse strut.

6. A piston'comprising a head, a skirt spaced from said head and provided with diametrically opposed cutaway portions eX- tending from the top of the skirt to a point spaced from the bottom thereoi whereby a substantially continuous annular bearing surface is provided adjacent the bottom ot the skirt, a longitudinal strut extending across the center of each cutaway portion and integrally connecting the head with the portion of the skirt arranged atthe bottom of the cutaway portion. said strut having a piston pin hub integrally formed therewith and extending inwardlyT therefrom, a transverse strut integrally connecting the inner end of each piston pin hub with the portions of the skirt adjacent the side edges of the cutaway portions, the hubs being split between the longitudinal and transverse. struts whereby the struts are each divided into spaced portions, the outer portion being connected to the longitudinal strut and the inner portion being connected to thc transverse strut.

7: A piston comprising a head, skirt and piston pin hubs, one of said hubs comprising spaced portions, one of said spaced portions being connected to the head and the lower portion of the skirt, .and the other portion ot the hub being connected to the sides of the skirt.

8. A piston comprising a head, skirt and piston pin hubs, amember joining one ot said hubs with the head and skirt, and a member joining said hub with the skirt, said hub being split between the oining members whereby said joining members are independent of one another.

9. A piston comprising a head, skirt and piston pin hubs, struts connecting the' hubs with the head and skirt and struts conneeting the hubs with the skirt of the piston, the struts being arranged in spaced relation,

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