US1721782A - Furnace for steam boilers - Google Patents

Description

July 23,1929. E.HUWYLER -1,721,732

FURNACE FOR STEAM BOILERS Filed April 5, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet l July 23, 1929.

E. HUWYLER mm FOR STEAM BOILERS I Filed April 5, 1926 I 2 Sheets-Sheet Patented July 23, 1929.

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1,721,7 2 rENr-Q I EUGEN HUWYLER, or VIENNA, AUSTRIA, ASSIGNOR To THE FIRM: Isms A.-jd.', or ZURICH,'SWITZERLAND; I

FURNACE FOR STEAM BOILERS.

Application filed April 5, 1926, Serial-No. 99,834, and in Austria June 13, 1925.

The subject matter of the present invention is an arrangement for effecting an economic thereby with the heating gases and to cause.

their'complete combustion before they reach the heat interchange elements of the boiler.

The formation of smoke'with steam-boiler furnaces is a signof an incomplete combustion and the cause thereof is a lack of air and the consequence a smaller output of the steam boiler.

The arrangement according to the present invention overcomes these drawbacks and by the particular arrangement and design of the steam distributing means a supply of overgrate air, preferably in a small excess quantity, is effected by which all the combustible gases are ignited and burnt so that the highest possible temperature in the furnace is generated as well as a complete combustion of the particles forming the smoke.

The efficiency is further increased inasmuch as the heating gases are prevented by the horizontal steam fan from the ineffective heating of the lateral walls of the furnace and the gases reach the elements of the boiler without any appreciable loss of heat.

Preferably the steam distributing means are provided besides with the row of apertures for the ets forming the horizontal steam fan with a row of apertures arranged at right angles to the first mentioned row of apertures.

Constructional examples of the subject matter of the present invention are illustrated on the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 shows a vertical section through the furnace of a water tube boiler,

Fig. 2 is a section along line IIII in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the fire box of a locomotive,

Fig. a is a section alone line IV-IV in Fig. 3, and

Figs. 5 and 6 show details of the steam distributing means.

Fig. .is a front view of the surface oft-he head2 developed to show the different sizes of the steam holes or nozzles therein.

Referring now to the constructional, ex,-

gample illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2' steam dis tributing means in the form .of a nozzle 2 haV- ing a row of radially arranged apertures?) are arranged directly below the roof l of the furnace chamber. The centre lines of thev apertures 3 for the steam jets A. are directed towards the lateral walls 4 of the furnace chamber and the centre lines of the apertures 3 for the steam jets C are directed towards the end 5 of the grate. The points of intersection of all the direction lines are situated above thefuel hed 6 and all the steam jets leaving the apertures 3 and 3 form an ap proximately horizontal steam fanor. veil. 7

denotes a tube. for supplying steam to the n ozzle2.

The supply of a channel 8 .a rranged"within the walls of the boiler brickwork, a gate 9 being pro-' The diameter of the apertures 3 is larger than that of the apertures 3 The manner ofworking of the above described arrangement is as follows:

As the temperature inside the furnace chamber is much higher than that of the steam jets A and C leaving the nozzle 2, these jets are heated and their expansive power is in creased. Owing to the larger bores by which they are formed and to their shorter length the lateral steam jets A have a stronger efiect than the jets C which are longer and weaker. As the lateral steam jets A bound heavily against the lateral walls 4 the heating of over grate air to the-'fm -j nacechamber is preferably effected by. means gases rising from the firebed'cannot flow along these walls in the upward direction but are forced to flow below the weaker middle jets C directed towards the end of the grate and to rise along the water tubes 10 of the boiler. During this flow they intimately mix with the heating gases and cause the complete combustion of the latter .a T and the steam .jets leaving the nozzle form a steam fan of an'approximately T- shaped cross-section. The over-grate air enters through the opening 11 of the fire door flowing through a channel 13 ending below the floor-of the drivers cab of the locomotive. As the 'steam'nozzle is arranged above the fire -do or,oi. e. above the entrance opening forthe over-grate air, the bulk of I the latter, which is sucked through the opening of the fire door by the action of the blast pipe, is forced to flow below the approximately horizontal steam fan A and to both sides of the vertical steam fin D and to intimately mix thereby with the heating gases. The efiicaceous expansion of the particles of steam projected by'the vertical steam fan against the fire bed increases essentially the intimate mixing between the overgrate air and the heating gases and contributes to'obtaining an economic combustion.

The arrangement illustrated in Figs. 3-6 in connection with a locomotive boiler may be utilized for any flue boiler.

I claim:

1. In a steam boiler furnace, a grate, nozzle means above the grate having a horizontal row of radially disposed apertures, means to supply boiler steam to said nozzle means, the diameter of the apertures directed toward the lateral walls of the furnace chamber being larger than the diameter of the apertures directed toward the end of the grate to form a substantially horizontal filmlike blanket or stratum of steam, over the grate, and means to admit over-grate air below said blanket or stratum.

2. In a steam boiler furnace, a grate, nozzle means above the grate having a horizontal row of radially disposed apertures, means to supply boiler steam to said nozzle means, the diameter of the apertures directed toward the lateral walls of the furnace chamber being larger than the diameter of the apertures directed toward the end of the;

grate to form a substantially horizontal film-- like blanket or stratum ofsteamover the In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

EUGEN HUWYLER.

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