US1718562A - Machine-tool organization - Google Patents

Description

June 25l 1929- E. J. KEARNEY ET AL 1,718,562

MACHINE TOOL ORGANIZATION Filed Jan. 18, 1926 Patented June 25, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD J. KEAR-NEY, OF WAUWATOSA, AND JOSEPH B. ARMITA'GQE, OF MILWAUKE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNORS TO KEARNEY & TRECKER CORPORATION, OF WEST ALLIS, WISCONSINA A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN.

MACHINE-TOOL ORGANIZATION.

Application med January 1s, 192s. 'seran No. s2,o6e.`

This invention relates to a machine tool organization and particularly to an improved structure for housing and supporting a rotatable spindle and its drive mechanism.

A main purpose is to provide a drivmg mechanism completely housed within the main structure of the machine, together with simplified lubricating devices therefor.

Another purpose is generally to simplify and improve the construction, arrangement and operation of a machine tool, and to promote the safety of the operator.

Other purposes will be apparent from the accompanying drawings, description and claims.

In the drawings, like reference characters are used to denote the same parts in the di'erent Views, of which Fig. 1 is a'left side elevation of a milling machine of the knee and column type, em-

bodying the invention. A portion of the view is shown as a section taken along line 1-1 of Fig. 2, and some of the well known parts of a complete millingmachine have been omitted.

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the same machine.

A main Support or column 1 rotatably supports a tool spindle 2 journaled in a. front wall 3 and a rear wall 4 with the spindle ends projecting outside these walls for various purposes. A plurality of overarms 5 'and 6 are likewise supported by the column and are vslidably mounted to be shoved forward, if required for supporting the ends of a tool arbor and for other reasons, or to be shoved to the rear when notrequired so as to be out of the Way of the operator. A knee or Work support 7 is vertically slidable on front wall 3. Other relatively movable work supports, such as a saddle and a table are ordinarily supported by the knee but the construction of such supports being well known they are not shown in the drawings. Combinedvwith the Afront and rear walls 3 and 4 are left and right side walls 8 and 9, also a bottom wall l10 and a top wall 11 to provide a hollow box-like form for the column. A horizontal rib or wall 12 in combination with other wall portions form a chamber 13 in the base of the column which' chamber is intended to hold cutting Huid used to cool cutters and work or for similar purposes. Motor 14 is removably fixed on the top of rib 12. y

A chamber 15 is formed in an upperirpor- 'paratively small solid objects. and form of openings 19a prevents oil or other.

portions 22h.

tion of the structure by portions of front, rear, top and right and left hand walls and by a rib or wall 16 which extends from one to the other of the side walls and is spaced suiiiciently distant from the horizontal wall 12 to provide suicient vertical space for a motor 14.

Portions of various of the Walls described above together with a substantially vertical` rib or wall 17 form a chamber generally denoted by the numeral 18, within which motor 14 is housed, the chamber having an opening to the rear for removal of the motor, which is normally closed by a removable cover 19 which is held in place by suitable screws or may be hinged. The wall 17 is spaced sufficiently far from the front wall 3 to form, together with a bottom wall 20 and portions of the front and side walls, a lubricant chamber 2O communicating with the upper chamber 15, and adapted to house a portion of the mechanism as will be described.

Cover 19 has a series of openings 19, serving to permit a large volume of air to pass into chamber 18 while excluding even com- The location fluid which might run down the rear wall 4 from passing into the chamber 18.v

An opening 21 in chamber 18 is covered with a removable plate 22 having a series of openings 22EL formed by downward slanting These openings are above the level of the openings 19 and serve to discharge air which has been drawn in at lower o penings 19a and heated throughl the operatlon of motor 14. A continuous circulation of air to ventilato and coolv the motor is thus assured.

Spindle 2 is driven from motor 14 by the following transmission mechanism. Apinion 23 is keyed to motor shaft 24 and projects into the 'chamber 20. The shank portion' 23l is provided with annular grooves 23" which serve to prevent lubricant from moving along the shank portion, suc-h lubricant- 'being thrown off or dripping from the hi hv portions of the grooves, into a circular c amber or groove 25' in a bushing 25, surrounding the shank 23, and from ,which lubricant is returned to the chamber 20 by the means of an opening 25". Meshed with the vpinion 23 is intermediate gear 26 fixed on short shaft 27,

the res ective ends of which are journaled in a bushing 28 fixed in the wall 17, and in the front Wall 3. Shaft 27 passes through and drives a lubricant pump 29 which is tiXed on front wall 3, and which may be a pump of the enclosed gear type or of any other suitable type. A clutch member 30 is provided with a shank 30u rotatably su pported in front Wall 3. An axial bore of sleeve 30a forms a bearing for the one end of a shaft 31, the other end of the shaft being journaled in a rib 31b of the column 1. A clutch member 32 is slidably keyed to shaft 31 and has a shank or extension 32b provided With an annular groove 32a. A hand lever 33 is fixed to the outer end of a short shaft 34, pivoted in a suitable bcaringin the Wall 8. A fork 36 is litixed to inner end of shaft 34 and carries pivoted shoes 36a engaging with the annular groove 32a. By the mechanism described the clutch member 32 may be shifted by the movement of hand lever 33 in the one or the other direction to engage or disengage the complementary friction surfaces of the members 30 and 32 whereby shaft 31 may be engaged or disengaged from motor 14. A pinion 31a is fixed on or integral with shaft 31 and meshes with a gear 37 keyed to a shaft 38 rotatably su ported from column 1.

haft 38 may drive a shaft 45 rotatably supported from column 1, through a speed change mechanism consisting of gears 39, 40, 41, slidably keyed on shaft 38 and-respectively engageable one at a time with the gears 42, 43, 44 fixed on shaft 45. Also iiXed on shaft 45 is a pinion 46 meshing With gear 47 iixed on spindle 2. The several gear pairs 39 and 42,'

40 and 43, 41 and 44, are of diierent ratio and as the gears 39, 40, 41 are shifted to engage with the complementary gears, the speed of shaft 45 and of spindle 2 is correspondingly changed. Gears 39, 40 and 41 are fixed-together to be shifted ysimultaneously by the means of a hand lever 48, Fig. 2, xed on the outer end of a short .shaft 49 pivoted in Wall 8 and having fixed on vits inner end a lever 5 0 connected to move the gear set by means of fork 51 engaging the sides of gear 40 and pivoted in lever 50.

The pump 29 is driven Whenever any p0r-A tion of the machine is operated. The chamber 20 is suppliedwith lubricant into which a suction pipe 52 dips, and is connected to the suction part of the pump. A pipe 53, connected With the discharge part of the pump elevates the .lubricant to an'upper level ot' the chamber 15 and there communicates with a pipe or header 54 provided with openings 54a adapted to spray the lubricant overthe interior of the Walls ochamber 15 and over the gearing contained therein, the motion of the gears assisting together With lthe openings 54u to more or, less completely till the chambers 15 and 2O with flying drops of lubricant. Each of the various ybearings associated with the Walls of both the chambers are provided with open pockets adapted to receive some of the dying drops of lubricant, either directly or as they flow down the sides of the Walls, one of the pockets being shown at 55. Each of the pockets communicates With its bearing by means of a suitable hole as shown at 56 for the pocket 55.

` Substantially all of the lubricant elevated from the reservoir in chamber 20, after passing through the chamber 15, eventually returns to the reservoir to be again elevated,

'thus providing a continuous circulation ot" lubricant between the reservoir and each ot the moving parts of the transmission mechanism.

Any lubricant which may enter the motor chamber 18- in spite of precautions described above will collect on the lower wall 12 and pass through opening 61 into the coolant chamber 13 to miX with the iiuid therein where it will do no harm. It will be apparent that the quantity of such lubricant will be very small.

The above taken in connection Awith the drawings clearly describes a preferred form of the invention for which a patent is desired and for which a variety of other but equivalent forms may be constructed in the light of this disclosure. Patent protection is desired for each of the various forms of the invention within the spirit and scope of the accompanying claims.

WVe claim:

1. In a machine tool the combination of a column structure having upstanding side and end walls cooperating with other walls to form an upper chamber, a motor chamber formed in part by some ot said walls at a lower level of said structure and vsubstantially underneath said upper chamber, a motor enclosed Within said motor chamber, speed change gearing enclosed Within said upper chamber, a transmission train connecting said speed change gearing to be driven from said motor. a lubricant reservoir located in a lower level of said structure, a pump, a lubricant channel leading` from said reservoir to an upper level of said structure and passing through said pump, a header adapted to distribute lubricant from said channel to said speed change gearing and a closed passage for the return of lubricant to said reservoir, a substantial portion of the Walls of said motor chamber forming Wall portions ot said closed passage.

2. In a milling machine the combination ot "a column structure having upstanding side and end Walls cooperating with other walls to form an upper chamber, a spindle journaled in said walls to pass through said chamber and having projecting end portions, a speed change mechanism enclosed within said chamber and connected with said spindle, a motor chamber vformed in part by some of said Walls at a lower level of said structure and substantially underneath said upper chamlll) ber, a motor housed within said motor chamthe means of said pum and a closed chanber, a transmission train connecting said nel for the return of lubricant to said reser- 10 motor and said speed change mechanism, a voir from said header, Wall portions of said lubricant reservoir, apump, aheaderfor supupper chamber and of said motor chamber 5 ply of lubricant to said speed change mechbeing in heat transferring contact with said anism and spindle, a lubricant channel conlubricant. necting said header to be supplied with lubri- EDWARD J. KEARNEY. cant under pressure from said reservoir `by JOSEPH B. ARMITAGE.

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