US1718112A - Compressor - Google Patents

Description

.lum` 13,A 192.9. J. cAvALLlER COMPRES SOR Filed Jan. 14, 1927 v2 Sheets-Sheet l June 1s, 1929. J. CAVALLIER 1,718,112

COMPRES S OR Filed Jan. 14, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 /A/l/E/VTR dea/1 Choa/0er Patented June "18, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE..

JEAN CAVALLIER, OF NANCY, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO SOCIETE ANONYME DES HAUTS- FOURNEAUX ET FONDERIES DE PONT-A-MOUSSON, F PONT-A-MOUSSON, MEURTHE- ET-MOSELLE, FRANCE, A FRENCH COMPANY.

COMPRESSOR.

Application led January 14, 1927, SerialvNo. 161,210, andpin France January 20, 1926.

The present invention'has for its subject an air compressor with blades essentially characterized by the application of a device for guiding the blades on ball bearings, said device eliminating friction of the blades and consequently enabling a good mechanical eficiency to be obtained.

1n a general manner the compressor forming the subject of the invention is formed by l0 a cylindrical body made slightly oval, in

the interior of which is located a drum carrying blades, the axis of the drum being displaced in relation to that of the body of the compressor. The blades are disposed in grooves provided in the drum extending along diametral planes and they are guided,

at the central part thereof, by means of a trunnion held at its two ends and on which they are mounted through the medium of ball bearings.

For the operation of the device a continuous rotary movement is imparted to the drum and thisrotary movement produces a to and fro movement of the blades in the interior of their bearings in the drum.

In the accompanying drawings, there are illustrated diagrammatically and solely by way of example two forms of construction of the compressor forming the subject of the invention.

Figure 1 is -a longitudinal section, along the axis, of a compressor constructed in accordance with the first form of construction of the invention.

Figure 2 is a section on the line II-II of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a front view of one of the blades.

Figure 4 is a' section on the line IV-IV of Figure 3. v

Figure 5 is a front view of the blade adapted to be connected with that in Figures 3 and 4.

Figure 6 shows separately thetrunnion on which the blades are mounted.

Figure 7 shows a longitudinal section, along the axis, of a simplified modification of the same apparatus.

In the forms of construction illustrated and described the compressor is provided with two double blades disposed in planes atright angles but it will be understood that the invention is not limited to this particular case and that, according to the applications of the invention, the compressor may be provided with a number of blades other than two.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2 the apparatus is provided with a compressor body 1 of general. cylindrical shape but made slightly oval in cross section, closed at its two ends by bases 2 and 3. The body 1 and the bases may, if desired, be provided on their outer surface with fins 4 adapted to increase the radiation surface and thus facilitate the cooling of the compressor. These fins may however be omitted in a number of cases.

In the interior of the body of the compressor 1 is mounted a drum 5 of which the shaft 14, as shown in Figure 2, is displaced relatively to the body of the compressor 1.

Inthe drum 5 are provided grooves disposed along diametral planes and two in number in the example described. In each of the grooves thus formed is adapted to move a blade. These blades 6 and 7 which are preferably constructed of light metal, (an alloy of aluminium for example) are madeof a particular shape as shown in Figures 3 to 5in order to enable them, in combination with the device to be hereinafter described, to carry out a to and fro movement in the grooves of the drum. As shown in Figure4 each blade forms, at the middle 1 or central part thereof and at each end, a 85 "kind of frame 6 which is preferably lined on the interior on two opposite faces with plates 8 of hard metal by means of which the blade rests on the ball bearings 13 hereinafter referred to.

The vobject of the frames 6 of the blade is to ensure guiding during rotation, this guiding being obtained by means of a trunnion 9 held at its two ends in such a manner as to prevent it from being out of perpendicular. For this purpose the trunnion 9 vis keyed at 10 in the base or'plate 3 and at the other end is held in a ball bearing 11 in the interior of the drum 5. Figure 6 shows the construction of the trunnion 9 100. after removal of the member 12 'which sirn-v ply serves to render it rigid and to prevent vibrations during operation.

The blades 6 and 7 are mounted on the trunnion 9 through the medium of ball bear- 105 ings 13.

i member 15 This arrangement eliminates friction of the blades on the inner surface of the body of the compressor 1.

It may be mentioned that by reason of the particular shape which is being given to the blades Gand 7 the latter are held at their two ends which prevents these. members from moving out of perpendicular. This is'one of the characteristic features of the device forming the subject of the invention.

, The method of operation of the apparatus is the following.

The shaft 14 has a rotary movement im parted thereto by any suitable mechanism and the eccentrically mounted drum 5 partakes of this movement in the interior of the body l of the compressor. This movement of the drum produces a to and fro movement of the bladesin their guide grooves and the volume produced is that which the blades draw in during their movethis member is effected under the best conditions., v

The fluid tightness of the bearing of the driving shaft 14 is effected without any gland by achamber of metalline 21 of which the tightening is effected by means of the screw 22.

In the method of construction lshown in Figure 1, the lubrication of the compressor is effected by means of an independent oil box mounted -in a movable manner on the end of the compressor opposed to that Which permits of the passage of the driving shaft. The lubricating device is constructed in the following manner: a bell 23, forming an oil box, is secured, as stated, on the base 3. It is provided at its upper portion with a plug 24 for filling and at its lowerl portion with a pointed screw 25 for the adjustment of the outflow. The bottom 3 of the compressor is pierced at its upper end with a small orifice 26 which may be extended, to the interior of the oil box, y a passage 27. The pressure existing in the interior of the lcompressor,

during the operation of this apparatus, acts upon the surface of the oil contained in the box 23 and consequently causes the How of this oil which penetrates the trunnion 9 (suitably provided with passages), through the orifice 28.

By reason of the provision of this device lubrication only takes place during the operation of the compressor. The oil is supplied drop by drop and the lubrication is thus effected under the best conditions.

The lubricating device which has been described may be omitted when the apparatus is combined with a machine having a system of lubrication under pressure. This is particularly the case when the compressor is connected with internal .combustion engines provided with lubrication under pressure. In this case the orifice 28, communicating with the trunnion 9 is connected in any suitable 'manner to the oil passages under pressure'of the engine.

Figure 7 shows a simplified modification of the compressor which will be described, this modification being particularly suitable for the feeding of internal combustion engines. The general arrangement of this apparatus is similar to that which has been described with the first form of construction, but the trunnion of particular shape a ace shown in Figure 6 is in this case rep by a straight line trunnion 9 mounted solidly in the bases 2 and 3 of the compressor.

The drum 5 is also extended into the interior of the base 2 which is recessed for this purpose, by means of a pinion 29 by means of which there is effected the production of the rotary movement of the drum. This pinion 29 may either engage with another pinion suitably mounted, or receive a chain passing through an opening provided for this purpose in the base 2.

The rotation of the drum 5 produces the results above set forth.

The compressor which has been described may be used for all the usual applications of apparatus of this type; it is suitable in any case more particularly for the feeding of internal combustion engines and particularly of automobile engines. For these applications the small volumes under which it can be constructed forms a very important advantage. The application of this apparatus may be effected as a compressor for dis- A tribution at low and at high pressure.

Having thus described my invention what` by Let- I claim as new and desire to secure ters Patent is 1. A blade compressor comprising a casing forming a compression chamber of slightly oval cross section, a drum rotatably mounted within said casing upon an axis parallel to but oifsetwith respect to the axis of said compression chamber, blade units each comprising a pair of blades rigidly associated, and oppositely disposed, arranged in said drumwith the blades project-ing through slots in said drum, the blades of the respectiveunits being disposed in perpendicular planes, means permitting each unlt to 'move diametrically in the plane of its blades, and` means for holding the blade units at their two ends to prevent them being moved out,

of perpendicular relation, comprising frames at the ends of the units each having a bearing opening elongated in the diametrical direction of movement of the blades of the unit of which it forms a part, a trunnion eccentrically mounted with respect to the axis of said drum, and bearings surrounding said trunnion and slidable in said bearing openings.

2. A compressor according to claim 1, the trunnion being mounted immovably within said drum, whereby reciprocation of said blades is produced upon rotation of said drum.

Ward extremities of their reciprocation, thus relieving the inner surface of the compressor 20 bod from .friction of the blades on the inner sur ace of the compressor body.

J EAN CAVALLIER p

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