US1714729A - Metal - Google Patents
Metal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1714729A US1714729A US222687A US22268727A US1714729A US 1714729 A US1714729 A US 1714729A US 222687 A US222687 A US 222687A US 22268727 A US22268727 A US 22268727A US 1714729 A US1714729 A US 1714729A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- aluminum
- cerium
- chalcopyrite
- treated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chalcopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[Fe+2].[Cu+2] DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052951 chalcopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000175 cerite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003471 mutagenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/01—Alloys based on copper with aluminium as the next major constituent
Definitions
- My invention relates to a metal made by the combination of several other metals and which is adapted for a variety of uses part cularly in journals and bearings.
- An object of my invention is to produce a metal which will have superior character1s ties for use in bearings over metals at present available
- Another object of my invention to utilize materials which are economically available to produce a new metal having superior characteristics.
- the invention possesses other advanta geous features, some of which with'the fore.- going, will be set forth at length in the following description where I shall outline in full the preferred form of my invention.
- the metal of my invention preferably com prises an alloy including aluminum treated with cerium and combined with copper.
- the metal produced by my in- -vention is applicable to a wide variety of uses such as for electrical conductors. for com -mutators and in similar circumstances, it is particularly adapted to be used as bearing metal for shafting which is subjected to severe service and heavy loads.
- the metal radiates heat rapidly from a journal so that relatively close clearances can be used and is capable of running for protracted periods with a mimmumamount of lubrication or-no lubrication at all.
- the metal of my invention comprises in its make up a portion'of cerium, and as a'convenient and economical source of cerium I preferably utilize I chalcopyrite, which as found in certain localities, has associated with it a suflicient amount of cerite to furnish the necessary cerium and to justify its use in my process of producing the metal.
- Chalcopyrite contains aconsiderable proportion of iron which I do not desire to have present in appreciable quantitiesin my completed prod- METAL: Application filed September 28, 1927. Serial No. 222,687.
- the cerium In order to render the cerium effective upon the aluminum, I either immerse the metallic v j chalcopyrite, as mentioned above, or I evapaluminum in the aqueous solution of treated orate the aqueous solution to a dry powder and mix it with the aluminum in a crucible.
- the aluminum which preferably is of the grade and purity'known as virgin aluminum, ranges from 5 to 10 per cent and the cerium can vary between of one per cent and 10 per cent dependent upon the desired characteristics of the metal.
- I preferably utilize the treated ohalcopyrite and the treated aluminum in proportions to produce this result and add sufficient copper to the aluminum in the crucible to make up the necessary-100 per cent. The amount of copper is variedto compensate for impurit es in the metal and for the varying percentage'of aluminum'and cerium.
- the cerium also enters into the combination so that when the fused metal has cooled there .is produced an alloy of metal which is ready to be reheated'for casting and whichhas vastly super or characteristics over other metals for bearings and for-other uses as mentioned above.
- Iclaim A metal comprising an alloy including from one-tenth of one per cent to ten per cent my hand.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Description
No Drawing.
Patented May 28, 1929..
UNITED/(STATES PATENT OFFICE.
FREDERICK J. BEAD,' OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, 0F ONE-HALF T0 CALAVERAS IRON AND STEEL COMPANY, A. CORPORATION OF NEVADA, AND ONE-HALF T0 SYDNEY H. DEMAREST, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA,
My invention relates to a metal made by the combination of several other metals and which is adapted for a variety of uses part cularly in journals and bearings.
.An object of my invention is to produce a metal which will have superior character1s ties for use in bearings over metals at present available Another object of my invention to utilize materials which are economically available to produce a new metal having superior characteristics.
The invention possesses other advanta geous features, some of which with'the fore.- going, will be set forth at length in the following description where I shall outline in full the preferred form of my invention.
The metal of my invention preferably com prises an alloy including aluminum treated with cerium and combined with copper. Although the metal produced by my in- -vention is applicable to a wide variety of uses such as for electrical conductors. for com -mutators and in similar circumstances, it is particularly adapted to be used as bearing metal for shafting which is subjected to severe service and heavy loads. The metal radiates heat rapidly from a journal so that relatively close clearances can be used and is capable of running for protracted periods with a mimmumamount of lubrication or-no lubrication at all. Although the use to which the metal is to be put dictates some what the procedure utilized in preparing it, I shall describe the general method to be fol lowed in preparing my metal and particularly a manner which will produce an excellent metal for bearings. 1
The metal of my invention comprises in its make up a portion'of cerium, and as a'convenient and economical source of cerium I preferably utilize I chalcopyrite, which as found in certain localities, has associated with it a suflicient amount of cerite to furnish the necessary cerium and to justify its use in my process of producing the metal. Chalcopyrite contains aconsiderable proportion of iron which I do not desire to have present in appreciable quantitiesin my completed prod- METAL: Application filed September 28, 1927. Serial No. 222,687.
not so that I first treat the chalcopyrite with sulphuric acid, usually in aqueous solution and withthe chalcopyrite in finely divided form so that practically all of the iron is re-' moved. Other acids also can be'used and ,55 I have found that sulphuric acid is advansjfi-f other methods of extracting the iron but I tageous. a
In order to render the cerium effective upon the aluminum, I either immerse the metallic v j chalcopyrite, as mentioned above, or I evapaluminum in the aqueous solution of treated orate the aqueous solution to a dry powder and mix it with the aluminum in a crucible. I the final P the aluminum, which preferably is of the grade and purity'known as virgin aluminum, ranges from 5 to 10 per cent and the cerium can vary between of one per cent and 10 per cent dependent upon the desired characteristics of the metal. I preferably utilize the treated ohalcopyrite and the treated aluminum in proportions to produce this result and add sufficient copper to the aluminum in the crucible to make up the necessary-100 per cent. The amount of copper is variedto compensate for impurit es in the metal and for the varying percentage'of aluminum'and cerium.
, When the treated aluminum or the aluminum and powder resulting from the treated chalcopyrite are placed in a crucible with copper, they are heated until the, aluminum .and copper are fused and form an alloy.
The cerium also enters into the combination so that when the fused metal has cooled there .is produced an alloy of metal which is ready to be reheated'for casting and whichhas vastly super or characteristics over other metals for bearings and for-other uses as mentioned above.
Iclaim: A metal comprising an alloy including from one-tenth of one per cent to ten per cent my hand.
FREDERICK J. READ.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US222687A US1714729A (en) | 1927-09-28 | 1927-09-28 | Metal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US222687A US1714729A (en) | 1927-09-28 | 1927-09-28 | Metal |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1714729A true US1714729A (en) | 1929-05-28 |
Family
ID=22833267
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US222687A Expired - Lifetime US1714729A (en) | 1927-09-28 | 1927-09-28 | Metal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1714729A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4071359A (en) * | 1976-03-31 | 1978-01-31 | Olin Corporation | Copper base alloys |
-
1927
- 1927-09-28 US US222687A patent/US1714729A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4071359A (en) * | 1976-03-31 | 1978-01-31 | Olin Corporation | Copper base alloys |
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