US1710268A - Cooling system for internal-combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

April 23, 1929. w, w um 1,710,268

COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Feb. 26, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet orn 7mm;

Filed Feb. 26, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Apr. 23, 1929..

UNITED 'STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WELLINGTON W. MUIR, OF 'LOCKPOR'I, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR 'I O HARRISON RADIA- TOR CORPORATION, OF LOGKPORT, NEW YORK.

COOLING SYSTEM- FOR INTERNALr'COMBUST-ION ENGINES.

Application filed February 26, 1926. Serial No. 90,824.

This invention relates to cooling circuits for internal combustion engines and methods The side tank 6 is joined to the side tank 7 as by the water passages 18, and 19 repreof operating the same and has for its ob} @sents the usual air passages with which raject to improve the constructions and the operations over those that have been heretofore proposed.

With these and other objects in view the invention consists in the novel steps and combinations of steps constituting the process and in the novel parts and combinations of parts constituting the apparatus all as -will be more fully hereinafter disclosed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification in which like numerals designate like parts in all the;

views;

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevational view, partly in section of a cooling circuit made in accordance with this invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows; and

Fig. 3 is a detached sectional view of a somewhat modified form of auxiliary tank or condenser.

1 indicates the jacket of any suitable internal combustion'engine, 2 and 3 indicate exit pipes leading from said jacket, and 4: indicates a pipe or conduit jointed to said exit pipes adapted to lead the cooling fluid from the jacket 1, to the radiator 5, which is here shown as of the cross flow type, but it is to be understood that this invention is not; limited to this particular type of radiator. Said cross flow radiator 5 is provided with a side tank 6 into which the pipe 4 leads, and it is also provided with a side tank 7 and another side tank 8 as illustrated, said tanks 7 and 8 being separated by the partition 9 provided with an orifice 10 near the bottom thereof, which enables the tank 7 to communicate with the tank 8, as will be readily understood. Thepartition 9 terminates at or near the top plate 11 of the hon ey-comb 12 of the radiator 5, providing an open top to each of the tanks 7 and 8 which are thereby adapted to communicate through said open tops or passages 1.3 with the top space 14 of the radiator located above said top plate 11. From the bottom portion of the tank 8 leads a pipe or conduit 15 connected to the suction side of a pump 16 and from the force side of said pump leads the conduit 17 back to the jacket 1 as shown.

diators of this class are provided.

20 represents the filling cap of the radiator 5, associated with the pipe or nipple 21 into'which rojects the upturned end 22 of the air an vapor pipe 23 leading to an auxiliary condenser 24 as shown. This auxihary condenser 24 is provided with a transverse partition 25 leading from the top thereof to apoint'slig'htly below the openmg of the pipe 23, as shown. In the bottom ofsaid condenser 24 is placed a suiiicient amount of liquid,such as water 28, to fill the condenser up to a point slightly above the lower edge of said partition 25. The level 27 of said liquid is thus capable of being maintained at a point not higher than the central axis of the inlet pipe 23. 280 represents a vent pipe from the condenser 24 which may be of any suitable construction. In the somewhat modified formof the lnvention shown in Fig. 3, the auxiliary tank or condenser 24: is of substantially the same construction as that'shown in Fig. 1, except it is provided with a filling cap30 so disposed as to insure the level 27-of the liquid 28 to be at the right height relative to the partition 25 and to the axis of the 1nlet pipe 23 as will be readily understood. 31 represents a pet cock for withdrawing the liquid from the condenser 24-when desired.

In the operation the cooling fluid will pass from the jacket 1 through the exits 2 and 3 thereof, through the pipe 4 into the side tank 6, thence the flow is through one or more of the conducting passages 18 to the tank 7.

Said cooling fluid being subjected to the cooling action of air passing through the passages 19 therefor, any vapor that may accompany said fluid will be condensed and the condensate passed down to the orifice 10 with which the partition 9 is provided, and through said orifice into the tank 8. The condensed fluid thus collecting in the tank 8 will be drawn by the pump 16 from said tank and forced through the pipe 17 back into the jacket 1.

Should the tank 7 for any reason, receive so much liquid that the same cannot pass through the orifice 10, tank 7 and all of the cross flow passages 18 will fill up, whereupon the liquid will flow over the top of the into any vent apparatus that may be pro-v partition 9 through the passages 13and into the tank 8, whereupon said pump will be enabled to draw more fluid from the radiator 5 than heretofore described. Inasmuch as the capacity of the pump is sufficient to take careof all the liquid in the system, it will thus be seen that the tank 8 will be kept substantially free from fluid, and the circulation through the system will proceed at its maximum rate. On the other hand, should only a small portion of the cooling fluid pass over through the pipe 4 into the tank 6, then only the lower liquid passageslS will be involved in cooling said fluid, because the liquid level in tank 6 will immediately fall under these conditions.

It will be evident also that as the temperature of the engine increases, due to increasing loads placed thereon, there will be an increase in the amount of cooling fluid passing into the radiator 5 and the number of passages 18 therein brought into cooling action will likewise increase. Therefore, the net results is that the cooling action exerted on the cooling fluid is always in pro portion to the load on the engine, or the temperature thereof.

An examination of the drawings, however, will show that any air that may accompany the cooling fluid through the cooling passages 18 into the tank 7 will escape through the exit 13 into the space 14 and into the nipple 21, whereupon it will enter the pipe 23 and pass into the chamber 35 of the auxiliary condenser 24. As this air accumulates in chamber 35 its pressure will evcntually he sufiicient to uncover the lower edge 26 of the partition 25 and thus will the air passfroln the chamber 35 into chamber 36 and out through the vent 280 to the atmosphere. On the other hand, should any alcoholic vapor remain uncondensed and accompany said air, it likewise will pass into the chamber 35, but here it will come into contact with the upper surface 27 of the water 28 and thereupon be condensed and dissolved in said water so that it will not be lost to the system.

The foregoing constitutes an important feature of this invention because under ordinary conditions immediately after the engine stops there is enough heat in the metal parts of the engine to continue the evaporation of the liquid and the alcoholic contents thereof for some time after said engine stops. During this period alcoholic vapor will continue to pass out of the jacket 1 through the passages 18 of the radiator, but there being no cooling action in said passages, due to the stopping of the engine, a relatively large amount of alcoholic vapor will pass uncondensed into the pipe 23 or vided for the air, and thus be lost to the system unless an auxiliary condenser 24 is protact with the water 28, and condensed whilethe air is permitted to freely escape.

It is further an important feature of this invention that the pipe 23 leads from the cold side of the radiator instead of from the hot side thereof, because if the pipe 23 leads from the hot side of the radiator (which is the side receiving the hot vapors, as contradistinguished from the cold side of the radiator which is that side disposed beyond the condensing or'cooling passages from the hot side) there would be relatively large portions of alcoholic vapor passing through said pipe 23, along with water vapor, and thus would the liquid 25 soon become saturated with alcoholic vapor and fail to function properly. Further, the water 28 in the tank 24- would soon increase to such an extent as to render said tank inoperative. I

It is a still further important feature of this invention that the pipe 23 enter the auxiliary condenser 24 above the level 27 of the liquid 28 for if it enters at the bottom of said liquid, it would cause the air and the vapor to bubble up through the liquid, and in the case of freezing, the liquid in the tank would seal the pipe 23. The result would be that the pressure in the radiator'would be built up so high that an explosion would follow. According to this invention, on the other hand, by leading the pipe 23 into the tank 24 above the level of the liquid, the freezing of said liquid would do no harm because said tank would still condense the alcoholic vapor as it came into contact with the surface of the ice therein. In other words, this invention provides a condenser of a type which may be called a liquid surface condenser in that the vapor is brought in contact with a large liquid surface and condensed by surface contact, a construction which is superior in that it completely avoids any danger of failure from the liquid being frozen in the auxiliary condenser. Should the liquid be frozen in said auxiliary condenser no trouble will be experienced with the proper functioning of the condenser, due to the fact that the surfaces of the ice will form a highly efficient surface condenser, and the vapor will be condensed just as efliciently as if liquid were in the condenser. Likewise, if the radiator of this invention should freeze, no special harm would be done, because the top portion of the radiator would always have some of its passages 18 open, and the vapor would pass therethrough and ultimately reach the condenser 24.

A still further important feature of this invention resides in the fact that the liquid 28 in the condenser 24: is ilacedbelow the inlet pipe 23 in a pocket, or 1t 1s not possible through the o eration of the system to exhaust this liquid out of the tank 24. In other words, the liquid must be always in place and ready to function. Were it possible to withdraw this liquid back into the cooling system, it would then'be possible to lose the valuable alcoholic Va or. Stated in still other langua'tge, by prov1 ing an auxiliary condenser 24 of the construction disclosed, which condenses only that portion of the alcoholic vapors not condensed in the radiator proper, one is enabled to insure the presence of alcohol at all times in the cooling circuit, and thus prevent said circuit since nov alcoholic vapors can pass the liquid seal at 26, from freezing, a result which would not be possible if, through accident or otherwise, the alcohol was permitted toescape from the said circuit.

Also it will be seen that when the jacket is filled with water or other fluid, including an alcoholic solution, and the engine started, the pump 16 will draw from the radiator such fluid as has collected in the tank 8 by seepage through the restricted aperture 10. In other words, there will be some liquid in the radiator core before the engine starts, or in other words, the core will have liquid therein to about the level indicated by the dotted line 50. This liquid will be withdrawn from the radiator and passed back to the jacket of the motor where it will be heated and forced out through the conduit 4 into the tank 6 of the radiator. The liquid will then pass through the passages 18, be cooled therein, then passed through the restricted aperture 10 to be again returned to the jacket by the pump 16.

As the engine heats up considerable vapor will be given off as well as the temperature of the liquid raised to around the boiling point, or within the range of say 180 to 212. The liquid and vapor coming over into the radiator will then come so fast that the core will be filled up as will likewise be the tanks 6 and 7 thus causing the condensed and cooled liquid to pass over the top of the partition wall 9 as by the passages 13 and spill into the tank 8, there to be freely withdrawn and passed back to the jacket by means of the pump 16. This will continue until the temperature of the liquid in the jacket 1 has been reduced to decrease the flow of fluid from said jacket into the radiator, whereupon the fluid will build up in the radiator due to the restricted opening 10 and thus the cycle will be repeated.

Should the engine be stopped when it was very hot and the radiator core filled as just stated, then the auxiliary tank 24 would have to function to cool the fluid, because the pump 16 would not be operating. Under these conditions the evolved vapors would enter the pipe 23, and be'condensed therein the condensate flowing into the tank 24:. In fact the tank 24 and the pipe 23 will become filled with liquid. Subsequently, as the temperature of the fluid in the radiator reduces, or when the engine is again started, there will be created a negative pressure in the radiator which will draw the condensate back through the pipe 23 from the auxiliary tank 24 to and into the upper tank 5 of the" radiator, to join the liquid in the primary circuit. This will continue until a balance of pressure is obtained by the admission of air through the vent 280, but in this return of the condensate to the upper tank 5 it will be apparent that as soon as the balance of pressure is-attained the division wall 25 of the auxiliary tank 24: will function with the liquid in the bottom of said tank to again establish a liquid seal.

In other words, by this invention there is provided means such as the restrictedpassage 10 and the open ends 13 of the tanks 7 and 8, by which there is supplied to the jacket 1 automatically and alternately too little, and too much cooling fluid to continuously maintain the said jacket at a predetermined desired temperature.

This invention provides a cooling system for internal combustion engines in which there are two coolers or condensers which are in series with each other. The first condenser, comprising the passages 18, is in series with the cooling jacket of the motor. The second condenser, including the tank 24, is in ofl'set relation to the cooling jacket of the motor. In the first named condenser the cooling action is caused by air being passed through the air passages 19 of the condenser. In the second condenser, which is in series with the first condenser, the cooling or condensing action is caused by the cooled liquid 28 stored in the condenser tank 24 independent of air flow.

Stated in other words, as long as the air is flowing through the passages 19 of the first condenser, the second or liquid condenser is inactive. As soon as the cooling air ceases to flow through the passages 19 and there is any vapor present in the first condenser which has not been condensed, said vapor is readily condensed in the second condenser. Stated in still other words, this cooling system provides means for condensing any vapor which is passed through the first cooler or condenser without being condensed.

In order that this invention may be the better understood'it is said, that a condenser connected in series with the cooling circuit is a condenser in which the cooling circuit enters one end thereof and leaves at the other side or end thereof. Stated in other nected in ofiset relation to the cooling circuit is a. condenser placed ofi' to one side of the main circuit as described above, and

into which the fluid passes for condensing, the condensed fluid returning to the circuit at the same end or side from which said fluid entered, the vent to the atmosphere tank 24 and ultimately be condensed and collected therein.

It is within the scope of invention, as will be obvious, that the eondensed'liquid in the tank 24 may be returned to the coolingv circuit of the engine in any desired manner. That isto say, in place of the cock 31, see'Fig. 3, the tank 24 may be provided with a suitable connection whereby condensate may be returned to the circuit, but in any such return the lower edge 26 of the partition 25 should not be uncovered. In

,other words, no matter how the condensate being on the coldest side of the'condenser. is returned, there should always be a liquid with the cooling circuit. Thus, in the drawlugs, the condenser comprlsing the lowermost of the passages 18 is in series with the cooling circuit, whereas the condenser comprising the uppermost of the passages 18 is in parallel with said circuit, and the space 14 thereabove together with the tank 24, is in offset relation to the cooling circuit because the fluid to be condensed therein is not directly in the cooling circuit, but is branched therefrom.

Also it will be observed that by this invention there is provided a process of cooling a jacket of an engine which consists in providing a cooling circuit comprising a radiator 5, the connections 15, pump 16, connections 17, jacket 1, exits 2 and 8, and conduit 4. Further, the process involves supplying constantly and intermittently while the engine is running a quantity of cooling liquid to the jacket which is insutlic-icnt to cool the same to permit the temperature of the jacket to rise. It further provides for supplying alternately with the above mentioned supplies, a quantity of liquid to the jacket which is more than suliicient to cool said jacket after the temperature thereof has arisen. Still further it will be observed that this process of alternately supplying first too little and then too much cooling liquid is done automatically, constantly and intern'iittently. Lastly, it will be observed that in both the apparatus. and in the process forming the subject matter of this invention the tank 24 with its associated pipe 23 by means of which the said tank con'nnunicates with the tanks 7 and 8, constitutes a means in the apparatus, and a step in the process, of preventing any of the cooling fluid from escaping to the atmosphere. In other words, any of the vapors in the radiator which are not condensed in the horizontally disposed passages 18, or in the tanks 7 and 8, will pass into the tank 14- and if not condensed therein, will pass through the pipe 23 into the as by the pipe 23 to the cold side of the cooler in such a manner that the condenser is in series with the cooler, but in ofi'sct relation with the jacket circuit. Another feature of this invention lies in the fact that some of the liquid passages 18, or in other words these passages lying above the normal liquid level 50 of the radiator, are normally inactive. Thatis to say, it is very seldom that the upper passages 18 of the radiator core are brought into use. In fact the radiator core is of such capacity that it will easily take care of the fluid to be cooled, but in cold weather it is possible that the lower passages 18 may become clogged or obstructed by the freezing of the liquid therein, and it is in such a case as this that the upper passages, heretofore normally inactive, will be brought into use for passing the hot fluid, and any vapor carried therewith, through the cooler. The vapor pass ing entirely through the passages 18 will be ultimately condensed in the space 14 thereahove or by contact with the liquid surface 27 of the condenser 2%. Lastly, it will be observed that the division wall 25 extending below the normal liquid level 27 in the condenser 24, together with the fact that the liquid 28 normally lies below the predetermined level established by the end of the conduit 23, constitutes a means for preventing the liquid in the condenser 24 from being withdrawn therefrom below the opening of the conduit 23.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details of construction as well as the-arrangements of parts without 1,71o,ees

departing from the spirit of the invention, and therefore it is not desired to be limited to the above disclosure except as may be demanded by the claims.

What is claimed is 1. In a cooling system for engines the combination of a jacket; a radiator; a connection between said jacket and said radiator; return connections between said radiator and said jacket; means associated with the sys tern by which there is continually supplied to said jacket automatically and alternately too little, and too much cooling fluid to continuously maintain said jacket at a predetermined desired temperature; and means to prevent the escape of said cooling fluid from the system.

2. In a cooling system for engines the combination of a jacket; a radiator; a connection between said jacket and said radiator; return connections between said radiator and said jacket; means comprising a restricted orifice associated with the system by which there is supplied to said jacket automatically and alternately too little, and too much cooling fluid to continuously maintain said jacket at a predetermined desired temperature; and means to prevent the escape of said cooling fluid from the system.

3. In a cooling system for engines the combination of a jacket; a radiator; a connection between said jacket and said radiator; return connections between said radiator and said jacket; means comprising a rer stricted passage and a larger passage associated with the system by which there is supplied to said jacket automatically and alternately too little, and too much cooling fluid to continuously maintain said jacket at a predetermined desired temperature; and means to prevent the escape of said cooling fluid from the system.

4. In a cooling system for engines the combination of a jacket; a radiator of excessive cooling capacity connected to said jacket; a wall provided with a restricted passage for cooling fluid carried by said radiator; an unrestricted passage out of the path of said fluid when no hot vapor is present in the system, carried by said radiator; connections for delivering the cooled fluid back to said jacket; and means to prevent the escape of said cooling fluid from the system.

5. In a cooling system for engines the combination of a jacket; a radiator of abnormal cooling capacity connected to said jacket; a restricted passage comprising an orifice for cooling fluid carried by said radiator; an unrestricted passage associated with a vertically disposed member, said last named passage being out of the path of said fluid when no hot vapor is present in the system, and also carried by said radiator; connections for delivering the cooled fluid back to the cooled fluid may flow disposed above the normal level of said fluid in the system; connections between said cooling means and said jacket; and means to prevent the 1escape of said cooling fluid from the sys '7. In a radiator for engines the combination of a cooling core comprising horizontally disposed fluid carrying passages adapted to condense the fluid passing therethrough; a vertically disposed tank with which said passages connect; a vertically disposed partition in said tank having its upper edge disposed above the normal liquid level in said core, said partition dividing said tank into two open ended compartments, and provided with an orifice near its lower end; and an auxiliary tank communicating with said first named tank adapted to prevent the escape of any fluid uncondensed in said core and said first named tank.

8. In a radiator for engines the combination of a cooling core comprising a plurality of horizontally disposed open ended passages adapted to convey liquid and vapor and to condense said vapor therein; a vertically disposed tank connected with the receiving ends of said passages; a vertically disposed tank connected with the exit ends of said passages; means dividing said last named tank into a plurality of open ended compartments communicating with each other at about the top surface of said core; a passage connecting said compartments near the bottom of said last named tank; and an auxiliary tank communicating with said second named tank adapted to prevent the escape of any fluid uncondensed in said core and said first and second named tanks.

9. In a radiator the combination of a core comprising a plurality of horizontally disposed openended passages adapted to convey liquid and vapor to cool and condense the same therein; a fluid receiving means connected with the inlet ends of said passages; a second fluid receiving means connected with the discharge ends of said passages; a third fluid receiving means freely connected with said second receiving means at about the top of said core and restrictedly connected to said second receiving means near the bottom of said core; and a fourth fluid receiving means communicating with said second and third receiving means adapted to prevent the escape of any fluid uncondensed in said core and said first, second, and third receiving means.

10. The process of cooling a jacket of an internal combustion engine which consists in providing a cooling circuit; supplying while the engine is running a quantity of cooling fluid to said jacket insuflicient to' cool said jacket to permit the temperature of said jacket to rise; supplying a quantity of cooling fluid to said jacket more than sufiicient to cool the jacket after the temperature thereof has risen; repeating the cycle of supply; and collecting the excess vaporized fluid of said supplies.

12. The process of cooling a jacket of an internal combustion engine while it is running which consists in providing a cooling circuit; supplying continually and intermitte'ntly a quantity of cooling fluid to said jacket insufficient to prevent vapor being formed in said jacket and until said vapor is produced; also supplying alternately with said insufficient supply a quantity of cooling fluid to said jacket suflicient to retard the formation of vapor therein; and collecting the excess vaporized fluid of said supplies.

13. The process of cooling a jacket of an internal combustion engine which consists in supplying to said jacket while the engine is running a quantity of cooling fluid insufficient to prevent the formation of vapor in said jacket; then supplying to said jacket a quantity of cooling fluid suflicient to prevent the formation of vapor therein; regularly continuing the alternate supplying of said first and second named relative quantities of cooling fluid to said jacket and collecting the excess vaporized fluid of said supplies.

14. The process of operating a jacket cooling circuit for an internal combustion engine of abnormal cooling capacity, which consists in continually and regularly supplying such quantities of cooling liquid to said jacket as will alternately cause a rise oftemperature in said jacket above a predetermined point, and a fall of temperature therein below said point; controlling said alternate supplying of said liquid by condensation of vapor formed; and collecting the excess vapors of said supply.

15. The process of operating a jacket cooling circuit for an'internal combustion engine which consists in intermittently supplying a relatively small quantity of cooling liquid 16. The process of maintaining a substantially constant temperature in the jacket of an internal combustion engine which consists in providing a cooling circuit; regularly and continually supplying to said jacket while the engine is running alternately too little and too much cooling fluid to continuously maintain said temperature; and collecting the excess vaporized fluid of said supplies.

17. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines provided with a cooler, a jacket for a cooling fluid and means to circulate the same, the combination of means for cooling the hot fluid of said jacket; fluid conveying connections between said jacket and said cooler for the fluid to be cooled; fluid conveying connections between said cooler and said jacket for the cooled fluid; and means connected to the cold side of said cooler to condense any vapor passed through said cooler.

18. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines provided with a jacket for a cooling fluid the combination of a radiator; means comprising a pump and fluid conveying connections for circulating said fluid between said jacket and said radiator; means associated with said radiator and serially connected with said jacket circuit for cooling the hot fluid therefrom; and means connected to the cold side of said cooler for condensing any vapor passed through said cooler.

19. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines provided with a jacket for a cooling fluid the combination of aradiator; means comprising a pump and fluid conveying connections for circulating said flui'd between said jacket and said radiator; means comprising a plurality of fluid'conveying passages associated with said radiator and serially connected with said jacket circuit for cooling the hot fluid therefrom; and means associated with said radiator and connected to the cold side of said cooler for condensing any vapor passed through said cooler without being condensed.

20. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines provided with a jacket for a cooling fluid the combination of a radiator; means comprising a pump and fluid conveying connections for circulating said fluid between said jacket and said radiator; means comprising a plurality of fluid conveying passages some of which are normally inacbustion engines rovided with a jacket for tive but all of which are associated with a cooling fluid t e combination of-a radiasaid radiator and serially connected with tor; means comprising a pump and fluid said jacket circuit for cooling the hot fluid conveying connections for circulating said therefrom; and means connected to the cold fluid between said. jacket and said radiator; side of said cooler and cooperating with said means associated with said radiator and inactive passages for condensing any vapor serially connected with said jacket circuit passed through said cooler. j j for cooling the hot fluid therefrom; and 21. In a cooling system for internal commeans comprising a surface condenser of bustion engines provided with a jacket for a a predetermined liquid level said means cooling fluid thecombination of a radiator; connected to the cold side of said cooler for means comprising a pump and fluid concondensing any vapor passed-through said veying connections for circulating said fluid cooler and contacting with said liquid between said jacket and said radiator; means surface. associated with said radiator and serially 26. In a cooling system for internal comconnected with said jacket circuit for cooling bustion engines provided with a jacket for the hot fluid therefrom; and means cona cooling fluid'and a radiator, the combinanected to the cold side of said cooler in offset tion of means to circulate said fluid between relation to said jacket circuit for condensing said jacket and said radiator; means assoany vapor passed through said cooler. ciated with said radiator and serially con- 22. In a cooling system for internal comnected withsaid jacket circuit for cooling bustion engines provided with a jacket for a the. hot fluid therefrom; and means serially cooling fluid the combination of a radiator; connected to the cold side of said cooler in means comprising a pump and fluid conoifset relation to said jacket circuit for conveying connections for circulating said fluid (lensing any vapor passed through said between said jacket and said radiator; means cooler without being condensed.

, associated with said radiator and serially 27.111 a cooling system forvinternal comconnected with said jacket circuit for cooling bustion engines provided with a jacket for the hot fluidmtherefrom; and means assoa cooling fluid and a radiator, the combinaciated with said radiator and connected to tion of means to circulate said fluid between the cold side of said cooler in oflset'relation saidjacket and said radiator; means asso to said jacket circuit for condensing any ciated with said radiator and serially convapor passed through said cooler and ventnected with said jacket circuit for cooling ing any air carried therewith. the hot fluid therefrom; means serially con- 23. In a cooling system for internal comnected to the cold side of said cooler in offbustion en ines rovided with a jacket for set relation to said jacket circuit and includa cooling 1 uid tlie'combination of a radiaing aliquid surface for condensing any I tor; means comprising a pump and fluid vapor passed through said cooler without conveying connections for circulatin said. being condensed; and means for preventing fluid between said jacketand said radiator; means associated with said radiator and sedrawn from Said C n enser belOW a) rially connected with said 'acket circuit for determined level.

cooling the hot fluid therefrom; and means cooler, said means adapted to prevent the tion of means to circulate saidifiuid between the liquid from being automatically withpre- 4 28. In a cooling system for internal co'm-' connected to the cold side of said cooler for v bustion engines provided with a jacket for condensing any vapor passed through said a cooling fluid and a radiator, the combinaescape of any vapor from the system while said jacket and said radiator; means com,-

venting air therein. prising a plurality of air cooled passages 24. In a cooling. system for internal comassociated with said radiator and serially bastion engines provided with a jacket for a, connected with said, 'acket circuit for coolcooling fluid the combination of a radiator; ing the hot fluid t erefrom; and means means'comprising a pump and @fluid conve serially connected-to the cold side of said ing connections for circulating said fluid cooler in offset relation to said jacket circuit between said jacket and said radiator; for condensing any va or which has assed means associated with said radiator and'sethrough the cooler wit out being con ensed} rially connected with said 'acket circuit for by allowing .said vapor' to contact with cooling the hot fluid there rom; and means cooled liquid contained in said last named comprising a liquid surface condenser conmeans. nected to the cold side of said cooler for condensing any vapor passed through said ture. cooler.

25. In a cooling system for internal com- WELLINGTON w. MUIR.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signa- I

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