US1796441A - Muffler - Google Patents

Description

J. J. COMPO March 17, 1931.

MUFFLER Filed Oct. 4, 1929 abkonwq Patented l Mar. 17, 1931 ENT OFFICE .TOEN J. como, or nErIANcE, omo

mrrrnna Application led October 4,

My invention has for its'object to provide amuiiler for muling the explosion ofthe exhaust of internal combustlon engines and wherein interconnectin chambers are so arranged as to progressive y distribute the pressure of each pulsation or explosion over a large area and permit delivery of the exhaust gases at asubstantially uniform rate from one of the chambers and so as to prevent any back pressuretherein.

The invention may be contained in muillers of different forms and, to illustrate a practi- Y cal application of the invention, I have selected a muiler that embodies the invention as an exam le of the various constructions that contam the invention, and shall describe it hereinafter. The structure selected for the purpose of illustration is shown in the accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 .is a longitudinal sectional view of; the muler. Fi 2 is a View of a section taken on the plane o the line 2 2 indicated in Fig. 1. Fi 3 is a view of a section taken on the plane o the line 3-3' indicated in Fig. 1.

As is well known in connection with muiilerLN constructions, means are usually provided for progressively distributing the gases throughout a relatively large volume to dissipate progressively` the high pressure created when the exhaust gases rst leave the engine and before the gases enter the external atmosphere. Such muiers are often. provided with a plurality of chambers through which the exhaust gases progressively pass, and progressively expand during the interims between the openings of the exhaust valves of the engines, to

convert the intense pressures, that'occur intermittently, into substantially constant noiseless flow from the outlet of the mufller. It has been foundhowever, that in such constructions, the gases produce a whirling movement which causes their retention Within the chambers and, in succeeding explosions or exhausts of the engine, the chambers, still being partially filled with the whirling gas, there iscreated back pressure on the engine,v thatrprevents full and complete exhaustion of the cylinders of the engine. That results in dilution of the fuel taken within the cylinders by the succeeding intake strokes of the i shell 1 and 192e. serial 11. 397,228.

piston. While the whirling of the gases within the mulier operates to delay the movement of the gases through the muiller and aids in the conversion of high pulsating pressures to low constant been found that where the gases are permitted to whirl as they are leaving the small central axially located outlet of thercylindrical muiler, an excess back pressure is created, which reduces the efficiency ofi the engine to which the muiller is connected.

In the particular form ofconstruction shown, the muilier is provided with'a cylindrical shell 1 and a core 2. The core is formed of a cylindrical part 3 and a conical 65 part 4. The cylindrical shell is provided with a wall 5, ofsheet metal, at one end and with the wall 6, also of sheet metal, at the` other end. A wal17 is located substantially at the point ,of juncture between the cylin- 7 drical part 3 and the conical part 4. AThe walls 5 and 6 have central openings 8 and 9 in which suitable lsleeves or flanges 10 may be located, for the urpose of connecting the muler with the exhaust pi andwith an exhaust pipe eading from the mulller. Exce t for theopenings 8 and 9,-the walls 5 and 6 drm heads closing the ends of the cylindrical shell 1. The central wall 7is perforated, as at 11, to form a. means of reo stricted` communication between the annular chamber` 12, located intermediate the cylindrical wall of the part 3 and the wall of the shell and thechamber 13, located intermer diate the wall of the conical n art 4 and the 8" wall of the shell. The conica part 4 is connected to the cylindrical part 3 at the-smaller end of the conical part 4, andthe outer or larger end .of the conical part 4 lits the interior-'of the shell 1. Thus, the core may be 9 formed ofthe conical part 4, the wall 7, the cylindrical part 3, andthe wall 5, and may be inserted` by pressure into the interior of the so as to close and substantially seal the chambers within'the muler. '5

pluralit lof o nin that areydistriute The cylindrical part 3fis provided with asuch as the openin 17,

throughout its lengt to enable movement of the gasesfrom` the inte-V l rior of the cylindrical part into the chamber l pressures, yet it'has 55- e of the engine,

12 formed intermediate the exterior surface of the cylindrical part, and-.the wall of the shell. The gases entering the inlet of the muer by reasony of their h igh rate of mo-vement due tothe explosive pressure created in the exhaust pipe of the engine cause a major portion of the gases to pass the openings and only a small part will, on the inward movement of the gases, pass through the openings 17. To permit a substantially ree outward movement of the gases, immediately after the opening of the exhaust valve of the engine, they are permitted to not only pass through the cylindrical part,-but also into the interior of the conical part which, by reason of its 'progressively increasing cross-sectional area,

permits the expansion of the gases as they leave the end of the cylindrical part. This allows for dissipation of the pressure of the exhaust and, when it is dissipated, the gases return to the cylindrical part and pass through the openings 17 into the outer chamber 12, which surrounds the said parts. To prevent the gases :trom immediately passing 4out through the opening 9 formed in the wall 6, the conical part t is provided with a partitioning wall 18. The partitioning Wall 18 forms the expansionvchamber 19 Within the o conical part 4, and the delivery chamber 20 at the outlet of the muer. The partitioning wall 18 closes the outer end of the chamber 19, and, thus, the gases, under materially reduced pressure, are returned to the cylindrical part and pass through the openings 17. Some of the gas will, at the initial delivery `from the engine pass immediately through the openings 17 into the chamber' 12, but the major portion of the gas will, by its momentum, pass into the conical vpart 4 of the mufiier` and, subsequently, will be returned to the cylindrical part of the muffler. The gases from the chamber 12 will move through the openings 11 of the plate 7 into the chamber 13, The conical part 4l of the core is -provided with the openings 22 that form communication between the chamber 13 and the chamber 20. The openings 22 are located intermediate the larger edge of the conical part 2 and the division wall, or partitlon, 18. Consequently, the openings 22 are located in that portion of the chamber formed by the shell 1r and the conical part` is reduced, which enables a substantially constant iow under the substantially constant pressure into which the pulsating pressure has been converted. Thus, the gas enters the chamber 20, under a substantially constant pressure, but, owing to inaccuracy of construction of the muiher and, particularly,

to irregularities in the 'formation of the intercharge will be uniform in its rate if the whirl .l

of the gases is prevented, and the gases directed towards the outlet.

ln order to eliminate the whirl of the gases in the chamber at the outlet of the muer, l

lhave provided a pair of plates 25 that have parts that are located at right angles to each other. The said parts are preferably located in planes that extend diametrically through thek axis of the shell of the muiiier and also, preferably, have edges 26 that are inclined to the axis and so as to 'form the end edges of thek plates near the outlet of the muftler shorter than the edges of the plates remote from the outlet of the muer. The plates 25 are preferably mounted on the partitioning wall 18 and have a length so as to locate their endedges in proximity to the outlet of the muiiler. They operate to eliminate the whirl of the gases in the chamber 20, and to immediately direct the gases through the opening 10.

l claim:

1. In a muiier for engines, the muilier having ya shell, a hollowcore. the core having a cylindrical part and a conical part and transversely extending Walls located at the ends of the cylindrical part and fitting' the interior of the shell, the larger edge of the conical part fitting the interior ofthe shell, theend of the cylindrical part remote from the conical part vforming the inlet of the muiiier, the muiiler having a wall covering the larger end of the conical part and having a central opening forming the outlet of the muiiier, a wall extending across the interior of the conical part for closingithe interior of aportion of the conical part, the cylindrical part having openings extending therethrough to form a communication between the interior of the cylindrical part with the chamber surrounding the core, the conical part having openings for forming a communication between the chamber outside oil the core and the outer end portion of the conical part, a deecting member having surfaces extending towards the outlet for directing the gases Inagegaan 3 y that enter the interior of the outer end of the conical part towards the outlet of the muliier.

2. In a muiiier for engines, the muler havin a shell, a hollow core2 the core having a cy indrical part and a conlcal part and transversely extending walls located at the ends` of the cylindrical art and tting the interior of the shell, the arger edge of the conical part tting the interior of the shell, the end of the cylindrical part remote from the conical part forming the inlet of the muler, the muffler having a wall covering the larger end of the conical art and having a central opening forming t e outlet of the muiiler, a wall extending across the interior of the conical part for closing the interior of a portion of 'the conical part, the cylindrical part having openings extending therethrough to form a communication between the interior of the cylindrical part with the chamber surrounding the core, the conical part having openings -for forming a communication between the lchamber outside of the core and the outer end portion of the conical part, a deiecting chamber having surfaces extending towards the outlet for directing the gases that enter the interior of the outer end of the conical part towards the outlet of the muier.

3. In a muiiler for engines, the mutller hav- `ing a shell, a hollow core, the core having a cylindrical part and a conical part and transversely extending walls located at the ends of the cylindrical part and fitting the interior of the shell, the larger edge of the conicalfpart fitting the interior of the shell, the end of the cylindrical part remote from the conical part forming the inlet of the muffler, the muier having a wall covering 40* the larger end of the conical part and having a central opening, a second wall extending across the interior of the conical part, the

cylindrical art having openings extending therethrough to form a communication between the interior of the cylindrical part and the interior of the conical part with the annular chamber surrounding the cylindrical part and the conical part located within the shell and the conical part havingl openings located intermediate the wall extending across its interior for forming a communica'- tion between the annular chamber and the outer end portion 'of the conical part, a pair of plates located at an angle to each other and supported on the wall located within the conical part and located in planes that-ex v tend substantially through thc center of the outlet of the muler and extending to near the outlet'of the muier. l o In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name to this specification.

JOHN J. COMPO.

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