US1781218A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

CARBURETOR Filed March 10,

1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l 61H01: new

Nov. 11, 930. A. c. DE LANGE GARBURETOR Filed March l0, 1927 2 Sheets-'Sheet 2 adonne/14 Patented Nov, 11, 1930 warren 1 res AMBROSE C. DE LANGE, F KALISPELL, :MONTANA CARBURETOR Application filed March 1'0, 192,7. Serial No. 174,377. "l

This invention relates to carburetors for use primarily in conjunction with internal combustion engines. 4

One of the primary objects of the inven- `5 tion is to provide an atomizing carburetor constructed in such a manner that the fuel will be broken into particles of such iineness and combined and mixed with the air so thoroughly that combustion thereofV when introduced into the engine will be instantaneous and perfect.

Another salient object of the invention is to provide a carburetor in which a predetermined quantity of fuel will be delivered v relative to a predetermined quantity of air so that a proper mixture will be had for all speeds of engines.

A further object of the invention is to provide novel means for lifting the fuel and atomizing the same, said means including a novel arrangement of fuel tubes and an air pressure nozzle, means being provided for controlling and reducing or accelerating the pressure of the air at the nozzle for different qualities of fuel. y

A further object of the invention is toprovide a novel tube arranged in the air stream directly above the fuel outlets and air pressure nozzle, for breaking up the fuel into minute particles and combining the same with the compressed air and finally spread.- ing the fuel in the nature of a fine atomized whirl directly in the path of the air stream.

A further 'obj ect of the invention is to generally simplify carburetor construction, and to insure the proper operation ofthe carburetor-'and the proper mixing of the fuel and air and the turning of the fuel mixture into a fine atomized spray. Y,

40 A still further object of the invention is to provide novel automatic means for controlling the flow of the fuel automatically according to speed of the engine, said means embodying a plurality of fuel outlet tubes of dierent diameters arranged adjacent to the compressed air outlet nozzle, the tubes terminating at dierent points relative to the nozzle, the tube of smallest diameter terminating nearest the nozzle, while the tube of greatest diameter terminating furthest from the nozzle, whereby as the suction in the carburetor'increases the kdifferent tubes will be brought into use. i.

yA still further object of the invention is to provide a carburetor in which there will be no restriction of the i'nrush of air when the engine is on a full load by a Venturi tube or the like, the carburetor only restricting thel flow of air at the throttle, which facilitates a quick acceleration of thefengine.

With these and other objects in view, `the invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement and formation of parts, as will be hereinafter more specifically described, claimed, and'illustrated in the accompanying drawings,in which y Figure l is a vertical section through the improved carburetor,

Figure 2 is `an enlarged detail section through the novel fuel supplying device,

Figure 3 is a horizontal section through the carburetor taken on the line 3-3 of Figure l looking in the direction of the arrows, Figure 4 is a side elevation of the improved carburetor drawn on a small scale,H Y Figure 5 is a detail side elevation drawn on an enlarged scale'of a modified form of fuel supplying device, y

Figure is a top plan view of the novel Venturi tube, and i Figure 7 Ais la vertical section through the novel Venturi tube drawn on an enlarged scale. y.

Referring to the drawings in detail, wherein similar reference characters designate cvorresponding parts throughout thefseveral views, theletter Agenerally indicates the improved carburetor which comprises afloat chamber 10 having a fuel inlet -11 rcommunicating with the lower end thereof. The float chamber l0 can be of any desired character and as shown the same is provided-with a removable cover plate 12.

Thevflow of fuel through the fuel inlet 1l y is controlled by Va needle valve 13.l This needle valve is in turn operated by a Vfloatlll` which can be `of any desired constructionV or form; Any preferred mechanism can be used between the float and the needle valve for operating the valvefor controlling the,V level loo l of the fuel in the chamber.- As lshown suitable bell cranks 15 are provided and these cranks are pivotally connected at their angles t the cover plate 12. The inner ends of the bell cranks are connected at 16 to the stemA r17 of the valve 13, while the outerends of the cranks are connected as at 18 tothe float.

i A spider; 19 is 'carried bythe float' chamber y Y and acts as a guide for the valve..`

'-.fuel to the floatv chamber.v

Extending' aXiallyintothe the lower end Athereof is a fuelrfeed pipef24.` The lowerfend of .this pipe isthreaded as at rIt, can'be seen that vwhen the level of the fuel lowers in the chamber that the float 'will' l j page of a` further supply of; yfuelto the 20.

Vgral with: or separate from the chamber-10- The upperA end of the casing is provided with a flange 2l for .permitting lthe convenient'connection of the 'carburetor with the intakepipe vor manifold of an'finternall combustion engine. ff The lowerV end .of the" `casing. is provided with a lateral extension 22 in whichis rockablypo'sitio'ne'd a choker valve 23 which can be controlled in any desired way from apoint distant: from thel carburetor. This l choker valve functioi'isVV substantially in the ordinary wayV forl controlling the supply VVof,

air to the carburetor. Y

25'so'a-s to permit'the convenient connection thereof with thevcasing'a-ndthe extreme lower vend ofthepiperis provided with a rpolygonal shaped head 26 forflen'gagement with the bot`V Vtom wall of the casing 2O and forfacilitating the placing of the'` pipe in .position in fthe casing.- The bore of the pipe atitsllower end Y is. reducedA and Yprovided with internal Y described.: lThis pipe is provided with agfuel threads, for. a purp'osefwhichl will bejlater inlet l*opening 27 above the reduced portion of the bore of the pipe. vThe casing20 is pr0 videdwith a Vbore 28which communicates with the fuelV .chamber l()v adjacent to Ythe lower end ythereof and'when the fuel pipe 2'4`is threaded in its correct positionthe'opening '2T will register'with Vthe way l28', whichfwill allow the passage-of the fuelfrom the float Viiv-chamber into the fuel pipe.-Ar2 suitable packing 'gland' 29V isv providedffoi engagingthe y 1 tubeor pipej24- abovethe'opening 27 so as'to 6G Aprevent thev'lea'kage ofaccordance V.the .fuel around the pressed air receiving "tube 30` is threaded into thelo'wer :end of the fuel 'pipef24gand this tube e'Xtends through V.the Yupperfend ofthe ik f in any desired way and I'have shownaset rcasing 20 fromA pipe and is provided with a removable nozzle 31. It is to be noted that the upper end of the Y pipe l24 is provided withy a shoulder 32 for intimate contact with thefouter surface of the compressed air receiving tube. VThe lowerendA of the tube 30ris'pr'ovide'd with a polygonal head n33 for engagement with the head 26 on y the fuel pipe. A compressed'airfeedpipe 34 is connected with the lower end of the tube in any desired way suchwasfby means of packing nutsl 35. Y I y. e

' TheV arrangement of the fuel pipe 24 and the compressed air pipe or tube 3() forms an important featurefof the Vinvention and par-V ticular attention is invited to .the larrangement ofthevfuel feed tubes 36,V with the nozzle 3l, which are carriedby the upper end of the fuel pipe 24. These fuel tubes 36V areof fr relatively line diameterv and are threaded into the upper end of the fuel tube and termi-y nate in vclose proximityto the outlet of". the

air'nozzle 31. i

Arranged 4within 'the casing 20V above the fuelpipe 24 and air nozzle 31 is .a Venturi tubeS'-whichformsone of the salient featuresofthis invention. The't'ube 3f( 'is ar-V ranged axially within the casing and4 is con- Y,ne'cted with asleeve 38 bymeans of arms 39.'` Y This'sleeve 38 snugly engages the ,-wallof the casing and is adjusted relativetothe nozzlef 31 and fuel tube 36'according tothe type of the engine with Awhich the carburetor` is associate'd and the quality of the fuel being used. This sleeve canrbe held in adjusted position screw 40'for this purpose.

The tube is provided with an axialv borel andthe lower end of this ybore isof a conical portion of thebore extends overV one half of shape as indicated by the reference ycharacter 41 with its flared end ,lowermost YThis flared vthe height of the tube and terminates ina straightbore or restricted neck,l portion.' 42; i' Y `,This straight *bore* or restricted neck portion i 42 in tu'rnopensfinto a flared'fportion 43 l which gradually increases indiameterf This portion 43 'l gradually increases in'VV diameter f and in turn communicates with a flared'por tion 44 which extends the extreine'outer edge l of the tube` atk the'uppenend thereof. I lay particular stress on', the Vconical'portionl 43,V

and tlieenlarged Vconical portionv 44. which. is y j of asubst-antially saucer shape', as by VtheV lshape andk arrangement of the-portions 43 and 44 I'obtafin anactionfon tlie'fuellwhichisvessential to theoperation of the carburetor.

Thefuel tubef24V extends'above thenormal fuel level in the VfloatV chamber A1() .andv when the carburetor is in actiomthe'flow ofthe compressed' air'out of the nozzle'31 serves as I means for lifting the fuel up inthe fuel tuber and into the tube 37,v n l The suction` ofthe gngneactng Y Y 4in thecari buretoi draws the air intofthe carburetor around the choker valve andup'into 'the' ca s'V ing so thatthe same will circulate around the fuel tube and the Venturi tube 37.

In operation of the carburetor the suction also acts in the Venturi tube and the conical flared portion 41 functions as means for receiving the fuel into the tube 37 from thefuel outlet tubes 36. As the compressed'air and fuel flows into the restricted neck or straight bore 42 the saine is combined and this constitutes a function of the Venturi tube. As the fuel and compressed air flows out of the restricted neck 42 the same engages the gradually flared or conical portion 43 and then passes into the flared or saucer shaped portion 44 of the tube. The peculiar shape of the portion 44 and the action of the fuel and air as the same leaves the conical portion 43 serves as means for spreading the fuel and compressed air out into the air stream. The fuel is broken up into minute particles and leaves the tube in the nature of a fine atomized whirl. This insures the proper mixing of the fuel and air and explosion of the mixture will be substantially instantaneous in the cylinder.

A throttle valve 45 is rockably mounted in l the casing above the tube 37 and is controlled in any desired way at a 'point distant from the carburetor. The flow of air and fuel through the casing is substantially uninterrupted and is only controlled by the choker Valve 23 and throttle valve 45.

I also provide a manually controlled reducing valve 46 in the air line which provides means for regulating and controlling the air pressure at the nozzle so that the compressed air can be conveniently handled for different qualities of fuel.

The flared lower end 41 of the triple tube 37 also forms means for preventing the spreading of the airfrom the nozzle 31. As stated the narrow or small part 42 of the tube restricts the passage of both fuel and air and causes the force of the particles of air in motion to separate the particles of fuel to very fine particles. The pressure of the air is such so that the friction of the fuel tube after the other will be brought successively into play'until all the tubes including the tube having the greatest diameter are in operation. Thus in this form the flow of the fuel is automatically governed according to the speed of the engine.

Changes in details may be made without departing from the spirit or yscope of the invention, but- What I claim as new is:

1. In a carburetor, a casing having an air way therethrough, a compressed air feed pipe leading into said air way, a nozzle on said pipe disposed axially within said way, a plurality of fuel tubes grouped about said nozzle, the tubes being of different diameters and terminating at different points relative to the outlet of the nozzle, the tube having the smallest diameter terminating nearest the outlet of the nozzle and the tube having the greatest diameter terminating furthest from the outlet of the nozzle.

' 2. In a carburetor, a casing having an airway therethrough, a choker valve for controlling the flow of air through the way, a fuel pipe extending axially in the-air way,

vmeans for maintaining a predetermined level of fuel 1in the pipe, a compressed air feed' pipe extending axially through the fuel pipe and terminating above the same, the fuel pipe having snug engagement with the air feed pipe at the upper end thereof, a nozzle on the upper end of the air feed pipe, a plurality of fuel tubes communicating with the fuel pipe and terminating in close proximity to the outlet of the nozzle and grouped about the same, and aV Venturi tube arranged above the nozzle and fuel tubes and disposed axially in the airway, said venturi having means for restricting the flow of the air from the nozzle, means for combining compressed air and fuel, and means for spreading the fuel and compressed air outwardly in the airway.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

AMBROSE C. DE LANGE.

and air passing through the restricted passage 42, will be just under the point of combustion.

In Figure 5 I have illustrated a slightly modified form of fuel outlets and in this form', I provide a plurality of fuel tubes 46 which are connected with the fuel pipe 24 in the same manner as the tubes 36. These tubes 46 are of dierent diameters and different lengths and it is to be noted that the tubes having the smallest diameter terminates in closest proximity to the outlet of the nozzle while the tube having the greatest diameter terminates furthest from the outlet of the nozzle. By this arrangement when the suction in the carburetor is low only the tube v46 will be brought into play, but as the speed of the engine increases and the suction rises one

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