US1765675A - Fluid heater - Google Patents

Description

June 24, 1930. D. s. JACOBUS FLUID HEATER Original Filed Nov. '7, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORN EYS June 24, 1930. D. s. JAcoBus FLUID HEATER Original Filed Nov. 7. 192 4 Sheets-Sheet mm A INVENTOR W flaw 4.2L

ATTO RNEYJ June 24, 1930. D. s. JACOBUS FLUID HEATER 4 Sheets-Sheet Original Filed Nov. '7, 1922 I mv NTOR M BY %,62+ M ATTORNEY I Patented June 24, 1930 I UNITED ,STATES PATENT OFFICE DAVID JACOBUS, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE BABCOCK & WIIQCOX COMPANY, 01E BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY FLUID HEATER My present invention relates to structures for heating fluids, and particularly adapted for use in steam boiler economizers or as a 1 generally downward ,dlrectlon while the heater for fluids generally where usually no boiling takes place. i

My invention willv best be understood from the following descriptiomand the annexed drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal elevation of my invention, with part ot the flue wall removed; Fig. 2 is a front elevation with part of the flue wall removed, looking to the left and with some of the tubes removed; Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 1, with a part at the right-hand lower por- 5 tion; in section, and Fig. 4 is similar to Fig.

1, showing a modification.

Like reference characters indicate like parts in the several views.

Referring to the arrangements shown in Figs, 1 and 3, I have illustrated therein my formed in groups, the headers marked 11 being the lowermost of each group and the headers marked 12 being the uppermost. Each pair of headers 11 and 12 are connected by U-tubes which, in the form illustrated,

have respectively a large U and a small .U,

the tubes with the large U being marked 13 and the ones with the small U being marked 14. The U-tubes extend horizontally and pass through a vertical plate 15 and have i the ends adjacentthe bends supported by bars 16 extending acrossthe flue. The headers themselves arecarried as a single pile by closing the spaces between them in the manner shown in Fig. 1 at 30 and 31. Be-

cause of temperature diflerences between the adjacent headers of adjacent pairs of headers, 'it is preferable in the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 4,- that the space between these headers be filled with a nonconducting material, such as asbestos, 'as

shown at 30. The space between the headers in each pair may be closed by any material 31, either conducting or not, as desired, because the temperature differences between these headers are small. Doors 17 Application filed November 7, 1922, Serial No. 599,516. Renewed April 23, 1929.

may be provided to give access to the hand-- hole openings in the headers 11 and 12. In the form shown, the fluid flows in a gases flow upwardly through the flue 10'. As the fluid is heated, however, it is obvious that it .tends to flow upward, and I cause the fluid'to havea generally downward flow without opposing this tendency of the'hotter fluid to rise by connecting the headers so that the 'fluid will enter at the header 11" from which it will flow through the U-tubes 13, 14 to the next higher header 12. This header is connected with the next lower header 11 by a pipe 18, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. Again, the fluid flows through the next-set of lower U-tubes 13, 14 and back I to the header 12, from which it flows through the pipe 19 to the lowermost of the next lower pair of headers and so on successively through the pipes 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, and finally out of the outlet header in the upper header 12 of the lowermost pairof headers. Itwill be seen that by this arrangement, the fluid is carried downward in a direction opposite tothat of the-flow of the gases, andtat the same time, as. the

fluid flows through each U-tube, it is'moving upward. In ,this way,- the counterflow principle is preserved without attempting to force the fluid to flow in a direction op; posite to its. natural tendency to rise.

If the water is made to enter'at the top of the economizer, and the gases at the bottom so as to provide a. complete counterflow,

economizer instead of the top thereof, the.

chances of having a water hammer are avoided or at least minimized. By placing the connections alternately on opposite sides of the vertical line of the headers, as is shown in Fig. 1, I am-enabled to provide these connections on the same side of the flue 10 without interfering with each other.

The headers may be supplied with blow-01f cocks 26 and the inlet header 11 may be provided with Ts 27 provided with connections for relief valves.

With the arrangement shown, I provide for the dusting of the tubesby inserting dust blowers transversely of the tubes and extending through'the spaces between the legs of the U-tubes which spaces, it will be seen, are wider than the spaces between any other of the groups of tubes. By staggering the blowers, as shown best in Fig. 1, the entire surface of the tubes may be reached by comparatively few blowers. These blowers are marked 28 and have the usual outside connections, as shown in Fig. 2, by which the blowers may be rotated.

In order to support the tubes, I may provide a plate 15 extending across the flue 10 with holes therein through which the tubes pass. Preferably, this plate 15 is located sutficiently far from the bends of the tubes.

so that the tubes may be withdrawn to the right as viewed in Fig. 1 when the arrangement which I prefer is used. As will be seen by an inspection of the tube holes in Fig. 2, the holes for the tubes 14 are staggered in relation to the holes for the tubes 13. Therefore, the tubes 14 not only he inside of the tubes 13 when viewed in Fig. 1, but also fill the space between the tubes 13 when viewed from the end. This arrangement gives a staggered relation so that the heat transfer is improved. Since, however, the tubes 13 are so close together that the space between them is less than the outside diameter of the tubes 14, it would be impossible to remove or insert a new tube 14 without cutting out and removing a number of the tubes 13 adjacent the space where-the new tube 14 is to be replaced if the tubes were held rigidly laterally. By arranging the supporting plate 1 5, far enough back from the-bends'at the ends of the tubes and also by providing the supports 16 so that the tubes can be moved laterally, it is possible to bend a. pair of tubes 13 away from each other at the bends in order to provide a space wide enough for the removal of one of the tubes 14 with the small Us.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 4 is similar to that just described, except that by spacing the headers 11 and 12 further apart relatively, I may use a U-tube, the legs of which have a V relation 50 that both legs of I the tubes are sloping in relation to the horizontal. Any steam or gases which may be generated in such tubes will, therefore, flow upward to the next header.

I claim 1. In a fluid heater, a vertical flue, a plurality of parallel headers arranged in pairs and extending across the flue at one side thereof and one above another, U-tubes connecting the members of each pair of adjacent headers and extending across'the flue, a fluid inlet in the header next to the top header and a fluid outlet in the headernext t0 the bottom header, and connections between the headers arranged to connect the lower one of a pairof headers with the upper .inlet in the header next to the top header and a fluid outlet in the header .next to. the bottom header, and connections between the headers arranged to connect both ends of the lowerone of a pair of headers with both ends of the upper one of the-next upper adjacent pair of headers.

3. In a fluid heater, a vertical flue, a plurality of headers arranged in pairs and extending across the flue at one side thereof and one above another, each header having an' end projecting-through a side wall of the flue, U-tubes connecting the members of each pair of adjacent headers and extending across the flue, a fluid inlet in the head; er next to the top header and a fluid outlet in the header next to the bottom header, and connections between the headers arranged to connect the lower one of a pair of headers with the upper one of the next upper adjacent pair of headers, said connections being located in the ends of the headers outside the flue.

4. In a fluid heater, a vertical flue, a plurality of parallel headers arranged in pairs and extending across the flue at one side thereof and one above another, U-tubes connecting the members of each pair of adjacent headers and extending across the flue, the tubes connecting the members. of each air of headers having alternately large and small =Us, the tubes with the small Us being out of vertical alinement with the tubes with the large Us, a fluid inlet in the header next to the top header and a fluid outlet in the header next to the bottom header, and connections between the headers arranged to connect the lower one of a pair of headers with the upper one of the next upper adjacent pair of headers.

5. In a fluid heater, a vertical flue, a plurality of parallel headers arranged in pairs and extending across the flue at one side thereof and one above another, U-tubes connecting the members of each pair of adjacent headers and extending across the than the diameter of thetubes with the small Us, a fluid inlet in the header next to the top header and 'a fluid outlet in the header next to the bottom header, and 'connections between the headers arranged to connect the lower one of a pair of headers with the upper one of the next upper adjacent pair of headers.

6. In a fluid heater, a vertical flue, a. plurality of parallel headers arranged in pairs and extending across the flue at one side thereof and one above another, and U-tubes connecting the members of each pair of adjacent headers and extending across the flue, the tubes connecting the members of each pairof headers having alternately large and small Us, the tubes with the small Us being out of vertical itjlinement with the tub eswith the large 7. In a fluid heater, a vertical flue, a plurality of parallel headers arranged in pairs and extending across the flue at onev side thereof and one above another, and U-tubes connecting the members of each pair of adjacent headers and extending across the flue, the tubes connecting the. members of each pair of headers having alternately large and small lUs, thetubes with the small Us being out of vertical alinement with the tubes with the large-Us and the space between the sides of each pair of adjacent tubes with-the large US being less than the diameter of the tubes with the small Us. I

8.- In a fluid heater, a vertical flue, a

plurality of parallel headers arranged in pairs and extending across the flue at one side thereof and one above another, U-tubes connecting the members of each pair of adjacent headersand extending across the flue, the tubes connecting the members of each pair of headers having alternately large and small Us, the tubes with the small Us being out of vertical alinement with the tubes with the lar e Us and the space between the sides 0 each pair of adjacent tubes with the large US being less than the diameter of the tubes with the small Us, and supports for said U-tubes arranged to permit a pair of adjacent-tubes with thelarge Us to be sprung laterally to permit the withdrawal longitudinally of a tube with the small U.-

9. In a fluid heater, a vertical flue, a plurality of parallel headers arranged in pairs and extending across the flue atdone side thereof and one above another, 'U-tubes connecting the members of each pair of adjacent headers and extending across the flue, the tubes connecting the members of each pair of headers having alternately large and small Us, the tubes with the small Us being out of vertical. alinement" with the tubes with the large Us, and the space between the sides of each pair of adjacent tubes with the large Us being less than the diameter of the tubes with the small Us,

and a supporting plate through which each 1 of the 'U-tubes passes, said plate being lo-. cated a sufficient distance from the bends of the U-tubes to permit a pair of adjacent tubes with the large Us to be sprung laterally to permit the withdrawal longitudinally of a tube with the small -U.

10. In a fluid heater, a vertical flue, a plurality of parallel headers arranged in pairs and extending across the flue at one side thereof and one above another, U-tubes, connecting the members of each pair of adja-' cent headers and extending across the flue, a fluid inlet in the header next to the top header and a fluid outlet in the header next to the bottom header, and connections be- "tween the headers arranged tojconnect the lower one of a pair of headers with the upper one of the next upper adjacent pair of headers, the adjacent headers of adjacent f pairs having non-conducting material therebetween, the headersand the material therebetween being supported as a sin le pile.

11. In a fluid heater, a vertical ue, a plu; rality of parallel headers arranged in pairs and extending across the flue at one side thereof and one above another, adjacent headers being spaced apart, U-tubes connecting the members of each pair of adjacent headers and extending across the flue, a fluid inlet in the header next to the top header and a fluid outlet in the header next to the bottom header, and connections between the headers arranged to connect the lower one of a pair of headers with the upper one of the next upper adjacent pair of headers, the spaces between adjacent headers being filled and the filling material between adjacent headers of adjacent pairs be ing non-conducting, the headers and the material therebetween being supported as a single pile. 1 Y

12. In combination, a flue, a fluid heater located in said flue and comprising a plurality of rows of U-tubes dividedmto sections and arranged one row above the other with the tubes extending across said flue,

and means comprising suitable connections for causing the fluid to flow in a generally upward direction in individual sections and downwardly from section to section.

13. In combination, a flue having a portion through which the gases flow upwardly,

a fluid heater located in said flue and comv prising a plurality of rows. of U-tubes dividedinto sections and arranged one row above the other with the tubes extending across said flue, connections for; conducting fluid to the ends of the tubes of the lowermost row of the uppermost section and for conducting fluid from the ends of the tubes of the uppermost row of the lowermost section, connections between the ends of the tubes of the uppermost row of each section except the bottom one and the lowermost row of the next lower section, the fluid flowing upwardly through individual sections and downwardly from section to section.

14:. In combination, a flue having a portion'through which the gases flow upwardly, a fluid heater located in said flue and comprising a plurality of rows of U-tubes divided into sections and arranged one row above the other with the tubes "extending across said flue and u'niformlyspaced, connections for conducting fluid to the ends of the tubes of the lowermost row of the upper,- most section and for conducting fluid from the ends of the tubes of the uppermost row of the lowermost section, connections between the ends of the tubes of the uppermost row of each section except the bottom one and the lowermost row of the next lower section, the fluid flowing upwardly through individual sections and downward- I Iy from section to section.

DAVID S J ACOBUS.

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