US1761411A - Water softener - Google Patents
Water softener Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1761411A US1761411A US160304A US16030427A US1761411A US 1761411 A US1761411 A US 1761411A US 160304 A US160304 A US 160304A US 16030427 A US16030427 A US 16030427A US 1761411 A US1761411 A US 1761411A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- water
- composition
- softening
- reagent
- water softening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 47
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 20
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 5
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical class [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical class [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000382509 Vania Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/02—Softening water by precipitation of the hardness
Definitions
- the hardness of waters is attributable to the different salts of calcium and magnesium therein the presence of which in water used for household purposes prevents the formation of lather when soap is employed until after a suflicient amount of soap has been used to eflect decomposition of the salt or salts to form precipitates and render the water soft, after which the use of an additional amount of soap produces a lather.
- This is referred to merely to indicate an objectionable feature in the use of hard waters for household and domestic purposes, to remedy which water softening compositions are quite generally in use.
- the general object of the invention is to provide a water softener of novel composition having increased efliciency to effect softening of waters as compared with compositions heretofore in use.
- a further 0 ject of the invention is to provide a water softening composition including not only water softening and indicating con-,
- a mild anhydrous alkaline salt such as the sodium or potassium salt of a suitable weak acid or a mixture thereof (in admixture with other suitable ingredients to be hereinafter mentioned) may be employed.
- a suitable weak acid or a mixture thereof in admixture with other suitable ingredients to be hereinafter mentioned.
- Some of the weak acids which may be mentioned are carbonic, phosphoric, etc.
- compositions which may be employed in the production of a water softener embodying my invention, and which is the one at present preferred by me consists of sodium carbonate (Na cO and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 450 parts; phenolphthalein (dissolved in absolute alcohol) 1 part; oil of pine needles (dissolved in absolute alcohol) 9 parts; oil of eucalyptus (dissolved in absolute alcohol) 9 parts.
- sodium carbonate Na cO and sodium bicarbonate
- NaHCO 450 parts sodium carbonate
- phenolphthalein dissolved in absolute alcohol
- oil of pine needles dissolved in absolute alcohol 9 parts
- oil of eucalyptus dissolved in absolute alcohol 9 parts.
- These ingredients may be mixed together and formed into a powder or they may be mixed together with suificient liquid to form a substance which may be molded into cake or tablet form or they may be mixed together and used in liquid form. Or they may be mixed together and used in any other preferred form.
- the sodium bicarbonate is less intense in its alkalinity than
- I may employ in lieu of the Na CO and the NaHCO any other suitable reagent which may be known as an equivalent thereof in the water softening art, and for and in lieu of the color reagent, phenolphthalein, I may employ some other colored indicating medium, such as a so-called chrome blue which will produce a distinct color .change when the desired intensity of alkalinity of the water has been produced to effect softening thereof by the introduction of the water softening means (sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate or their equivalents).
- An important feature of my invention is the employment of an ingredient mixed with the water softening reagent which, when the water has attained the desired degree of softness, affords a color indication clearly visible to the user and the appearance of which informs such user that the water has reached the required degree of alkalinity or softness.
- the softener for laundry purposes it is desirable that an indicating reagent be employed, the indicating color of which is blue, but even if phenolphthalein be employed the color or dyeing effect thereof is so slight as to be practicably inappreciable or negligible and therefore not seriously objectionable.
- the water softening composition including phenolphthalein in which the indicating color of light pink is entirely satisfactory may be employed.
- the water softener, embodying my invention may be prepared and used, as I have already suggested, in the form of a powder, and is preferably so prepared and used, but it may be prepared and distributed for use and used in any other form which may be preferred or desired for any particular purpose or reason.
- a composition of matter for the treatment of water including anhydrous water softening reagents combined with means to indicate when the desired degree of softness of waterinto which the said composition may be introduced has been attained.
- a composition of matter for the treatment of water comprising a mild anhydrous alkaline salt of a suitable weak acid as a water softening reagent in combination with a chemical reagent which is adapted, when the composition is placed in water, to indicate when the desired degree of softness has been attained by a change of color therein.
- a composition of matter for the treatment of water including a mixture of a suitable anhydrous alkaline salt as a water sofv.tening reagent and a suitable chemical reagent which, when the mixture is placed in a body of Water, is adapted to indicate when the proper degree of softness has been at- .tained by a color manifestation.
- a composition of matter for the treatment of water including in admixture a suitable anhydrous alkaline salt as a water softening reagent, a suitable color reagent and a suitable essential oil.
- composition of matter for the treatment of water comprisin a suitable anhydrous alkaline salt of a mild acid as a water softening reagent, phenolphthalein, and a suitable essential oil.
- composition of matter for the treatment of water comprising in admixture a suitable anhydrous alkaline salt as a Water softening reagent, phenolphthalein, oil of pine needlesand oil of eucalyptus.
- composition of matter for the treatment of water comprising in admixture anhydroussodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate 450 parts as Water softening reagents, phenolphthalein 1 part, oil of pine needles and oil of eucalyptus each 9 parts.
- a composition for the treatment of water including in admixture a suitable anhydrous alkaline salt as a water softening reagent, and a suitable color reagent.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
Patented June 3, 1930 UNITED STATES SAMUEL S. SADTLEB, OF SPRINGFIELD TOWN SHIPQ MONTGOMERY COUNTY, PENNSYL- VANIA WATER SOFTENEB No Drawing.
General experience in the use of waters from natural sources for household and similar purposes has established two classifications, namely hard and soft waters.
In general, the hardness of waters is attributable to the different salts of calcium and magnesium therein the presence of which in water used for household purposes prevents the formation of lather when soap is employed until after a suflicient amount of soap has been used to eflect decomposition of the salt or salts to form precipitates and render the water soft, after which the use of an additional amount of soap produces a lather. This is referred to merely to indicate an objectionable feature in the use of hard waters for household and domestic purposes, to remedy which water softening compositions are quite generally in use.
In the use of water softeners for softening water for household purposes, such as bathing or the laundering of clothes, no means has heretofore been provided, as far as I am aware, for determining readily the amount of the water softening composition necessary to be used to effect the softening desired, the degrees of hardness of which may vary.
In the present invention I have provided not only a water softening composition of marked efliciency, but also a composition including means for indicating when a sufiicient quantity of the softening reagent has been introduced into water of any degree of hard ness to effect softening of the same.
The general object of the invention is to provide a water softener of novel composition having increased efliciency to effect softening of waters as compared with compositions heretofore in use.
It also is an object of the invention to provide a water softening composition including means for indicating to the user thereof when a snfiicient quantity has been introduced into a body of water to effect the desired softenin thereof.
A further 0 ject of the invention is to provide a water softening composition including not only water softening and indicating con-,
stituents as above stated, but also including means having mild antiseptic characteristics Application filed January 10, 1927. Serial No. 160,304.
which at the sametime are pleasing and fragrant.
To these and other ends my invention comprehends the composition of ingredients as hereinafter particularly specified, or their recognized equivalents, combined in proportions approximating those hereinafter particularly set forth.
Heretofore, in the manufacture of Water softeners, manufacturers usually have employed crystallized sodium carbonate or soda crystals, with which have been embodied ingredients for providing a pleasant perfume. The said last mentioned ingredients, however, have had no other purpose than that of providing an agreeable perfume or odor.
In the manufacture of a composition embodying my invention a mild anhydrous alkaline salt such as the sodium or potassium salt of a suitable weak acid or a mixture thereof (in admixture with other suitable ingredients to be hereinafter mentioned) may be employed. Some of the weak acids which may be mentioned are carbonic, phosphoric, etc.
- One composition which may be employed in the production of a water softener embodying my invention, and which is the one at present preferred by me, consists of sodium carbonate (Na cO and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 450 parts; phenolphthalein (dissolved in absolute alcohol) 1 part; oil of pine needles (dissolved in absolute alcohol) 9 parts; oil of eucalyptus (dissolved in absolute alcohol) 9 parts. These ingredients may be mixed together and formed into a powder or they may be mixed together with suificient liquid to form a substance which may be molded into cake or tablet form or they may be mixed together and used in liquid form. Or they may be mixed together and used in any other preferred form. The sodium bicarbonate is less intense in its alkalinity than the sodium carbonate usually employed in crystalline 'form, yet its presence increases the efficiency of the composition as a water softening agency.
It is to be understood broadly that I may employ in lieu of the Na CO and the NaHCO any other suitable reagent which may be known as an equivalent thereof in the water softening art, and for and in lieu of the color reagent, phenolphthalein, I may employ some other colored indicating medium, such as a so-called chrome blue which will produce a distinct color .change when the desired intensity of alkalinity of the water has been produced to effect softening thereof by the introduction of the water softening means (sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate or their equivalents).
The proportions as above indicated may be varied within reasonable limits without.
departing from my invention, and while it is preferred that essential oils of the character indicated be employed, their use is not in fact essential to my invention.
An important feature of my invention .is the employment of an ingredient mixed with the water softening reagent which, when the water has attained the desired degree of softness, affords a color indication clearly visible to the user and the appearance of which informs such user that the water has reached the required degree of alkalinity or softness. The presence of oil of pine needles and oil of eucalyptus, or. both, orother essential oils, is desirable, butthe absence thereof will not detract or destroy the efliciency of the composition as a water softening reagent.
In the employment of a Water softening composition such as I have disclosed herein, the manifestation of color (light pink) due to the presence of phenolphthalein happens with hydrogen ion concentrations ranging from about 9.0 to 10.0.
In the use of the softener for laundry purposes it is desirable that an indicating reagent be employed, the indicating color of which is blue, but even if phenolphthalein be employed the color or dyeing effect thereof is so slight as to be practicably inappreciable or negligible and therefore not seriously objectionable. For bathing purposes the water softening composition including phenolphthalein in which the indicating color of light pink is entirely satisfactory may be employed.
It will be understood that the use of alcohol for dissolving the color reagent and the essential oils is not obligatory but that the said ingredients may otherwise be incorporated with the water softening reagents.
The water softener, embodying my invention may be prepared and used, as I have already suggested, in the form of a powder, and is preferably so prepared and used, but it may be prepared and distributed for use and used in any other form which may be preferred or desired for any particular purpose or reason.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1s:
1. A composition of matter for the treatment of water including anhydrous water softening reagents combined with means to indicate when the desired degree of softness of waterinto which the said composition may be introduced has been attained.
2. A composition of matter for the treatment of water comprising a mild anhydrous alkaline salt of a suitable weak acid as a water softening reagent in combination with a chemical reagent which is adapted, when the composition is placed in water, to indicate when the desired degree of softness has been attained by a change of color therein.
3. A composition of matter for the treatment of water including a mixture of a suitable anhydrous alkaline salt as a water sofv.tening reagent and a suitable chemical reagent which, when the mixture is placed in a body of Water, is adapted to indicate when the proper degree of softness has been at- .tained by a color manifestation.
4. A composition of matter for the treatment of water including in admixture a suitable anhydrous alkaline salt as a water softening reagent, a suitable color reagent and a suitable essential oil.
5. A composition of matter for the treatment of water comprisin a suitable anhydrous alkaline salt of a mild acid as a water softening reagent, phenolphthalein, and a suitable essential oil.
6. A composition of matter for the treatment of water comprising in admixture a suitable anhydrous alkaline salt as a Water softening reagent, phenolphthalein, oil of pine needlesand oil of eucalyptus.
7. A composition of matter for the treatment of water comprising in admixture anhydroussodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate 450 parts as Water softening reagents, phenolphthalein 1 part, oil of pine needles and oil of eucalyptus each 9 parts.
8. A composition for the treatment of water including in admixture a suitable anhydrous alkaline salt as a water softening reagent, and a suitable color reagent.
In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 6th day of January, 1927.
SAMUEL S. SADTLER.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US160304A US1761411A (en) | 1927-01-10 | 1927-01-10 | Water softener |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US160304A US1761411A (en) | 1927-01-10 | 1927-01-10 | Water softener |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1761411A true US1761411A (en) | 1930-06-03 |
Family
ID=22576348
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US160304A Expired - Lifetime US1761411A (en) | 1927-01-10 | 1927-01-10 | Water softener |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1761411A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2451022A (en) * | 1944-02-28 | 1948-10-12 | Frederick C Dohrmann | Color changing antiseptic composition |
-
1927
- 1927-01-10 US US160304A patent/US1761411A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2451022A (en) * | 1944-02-28 | 1948-10-12 | Frederick C Dohrmann | Color changing antiseptic composition |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3876551A (en) | Perfumed aqueous hypochlorite composition and method for preparation of same | |
| US1584022A (en) | Cleaning composition with alpha fluorescent concentration indicator | |
| US1761411A (en) | Water softener | |
| US10829951B2 (en) | Composition and method for water conditioning | |
| JPS60155297A (en) | Water closet cleaning method by disinfectant and triphenylmethane compound stable to disinfectant | |
| US3686126A (en) | Bleaching and softening agent | |
| US2093927A (en) | Soap builder of reduced alkalinity | |
| US2084465A (en) | Bath salts | |
| US20240254021A1 (en) | Composition and method for water conditioning in spas | |
| JPS6111929B2 (en) | ||
| GB530040A (en) | Improvements in detergent and germicidal compositions | |
| US1396641A (en) | Medicated chewing-gum | |
| US1696762A (en) | Germicidal compound | |
| US20190031540A1 (en) | Dry, granular composition and method for water conditioning | |
| US1232187A (en) | Disinfectant. | |
| US184991A (en) | Improvement in laundry-soap | |
| US423875A (en) | Disinfectant | |
| US1392564A (en) | Method of producing solidified soluble disinfectant | |
| JP3991186B2 (en) | Detoxification treatment agent for chlorine bleach and disinfectant | |
| US1282062A (en) | Solidified soluble coal-tar-derivative disinfectant. | |
| JPS63159312A (en) | Bathing additive | |
| US2138806A (en) | Germicidal detergent | |
| GB392814A (en) | Improvements in or relating to disinfectants and disinfectant detergents | |
| JPS59223201A (en) | Gelled product of chlorine dioxide and its manufacture | |
| CN104232373A (en) | Color-bleaching and whitening washing soap |