US1759230A - Electrical structure - Google Patents

Description

y 1930; T w. DUBILIER 1,759,230

ELE CTRICAL STRUCTURE Original'Filed Feb. 12, 1924 ZSheeCs-Sheet 1 iNVEENTOR VIM/mm flab/her ATTORNEY 1'20; w. DUBMER i- ELECTRICAL STRUCTURE Original Filed Feb. 12, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATIORNEY' WEJTLLIAM' DUBILIER, NEW ROCDBIEL NE'W YGRK, ASSIGNOR Till DUBILIER- GON- DENSEB, GORPORATIOE, m. CQRPORATION OF DELAWARE I ELECTBIU J1 STRUGT'URE Application filed February 12, 1924, Serial No. 692,328. Renewed March 28, 1930.

My invention relates to electrical structures and particularly to racks or standards for supporting electrical condensers.

Une object of my invention is to provide a structure 01 the ZLlJOXG indicated character that shall be free of damaging stresses caused by the electrostaticiield between spaced conducting sections thereof.

Anotherobject of my invention is to pro vide an electrical structure that shall com- .prise alternate insulating and conducting sections, in which electrostatic stresses are prevented from adversely afiecting the insu- .latin'g sections.

Another object of my invention is to provide a supporting column for high-potential electrical devices in which ultimate arc-over Another object of my invention is to pro-v vide a multi-section, high-voltage condenser structure that shall be less dangerous to operators and to'stu'rounding objects.

Another object of my invention is to provide a protected condenser structure that shall be simple and durable in construction, economical to manufacture and effective in its operation.

d ith such objects in view, as well as other advantages which may be incident to the utili ation of the improvement, the invention consists in the and combinations thereof hereinafter se orth and claimed, with the understanding that Qllfi several necessary eleits constituting the same may be varied in prope "ion and a rent without departin scope oftheinvcre lar to the one herein described, to which reterence may be had for a better imderstanding of my present invention. y

The device of the copending application comprises a rack or standard that is built-up of'alterna-te insulating and conducting sections, on the latter of which high-potential condensers are supported. The construction and relation of parts are such as to permit condensers ofa great variety of voltages to be economically eonstructedfrom a relatively small variety of stock parts, and while these parts are set up in the. assembled device to uniformly distribute the electric field between the sections and to, thereby, reduce the likelihood of flashover, ultimate breakdown, caused by excessive voltage conditions, may occur over the exterior of the structure. Such a condition, which may be caused by lightningdischarges in the condenser circuit, by interference with the other circuits and by other causes,'is a condition from which no electrical apparatus is immune, unless adequate protecting means is provided, and is likely to not only damage or destroy the condenser but to extend theseeffects to surrounding objects and persons.

It is my aim to so completely protect an electrical structure, for wireless telegraph and other service similar to thedevice of my copendi-ng application, as to substantially eliminate the possibility of exterior surface discharges, thereby, precluding the damaging eil'ects above referred to,-and rendering the device more-ettective in operation and increasing the operating voltages to values above those by which'a structure of corresponding size, not embodying my invention, may be operated. My invention also provides ahigh-tension, high-frequency structure having low electrical losses.

In practicing my invention, I provide an electrical structure comprising alternate insulating and conducting sections, b the h t of which inclosedco-ono stint; electros ic-stres ssuming members are so ioned contra ult the particular constructions which, for the purpose of explanation, are made the subject of illustration Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, is an outline plan view of an electrical structure or condenser rack'embody'ing my invention,

v Fig. 2is a side-elevational view of the structure, shown in-Fig 1,

modified form of my invention.

'35 v The insulating-sections 2 are preferably Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional side view of a portion of the device, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. tie; a detail View, taken along the line IV- -IV of Fig. l and at right angles to a portion. of the device shown in Fig. 3, to

the same scale as Fig. 3, and

Fig. 5 is a-view similar to Fig. 3 showing a Referring-to Figs. 1, 2,3 and 4, an electrical structure, for which my invention is particularly adapted, comprises, in general, a base member 1, a plurality of alternately superposed insulating and conducting sections 2aand 3, respectively, and a plurality of cbndensers 4:, several of which are mounted on eachof the conducting sections 3.

built up to formza. single central vertical column, between'which the conducting sections 3 are mounted and from which the sections 3 extend laterally or radially.

The sections 2 preferably comprise hollow I cylindrical insulating members,-such'asporcelain, wood or other material having exterior surface-creepage corrugations 5.

Each conducting section 3 preferably comprises complementary half-portions 6 having apertured'fianges 7 for the reception of bolts '8 by which the portions 6 are clamped together and in position against the ends of adjacent insulating sections 2. Clamping portions 9 on the portionsfi, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4:, so engage the end corrugations 5 of the adjacent insulating sections 2 as to permit the half portions 6 to not only radially clamp the insulating sections 2, with respect to the longitudinal axis thereof, but toeffeizt a clamping action tending to draw the insulating sections 2 longitudinally together. This construction mounts the conducting sections 3 securely in position and binds the insulator sections firmly together to constitute a composite rugged column. Flexible yielding cushioning material 15, such as felt or fiber, is placed between the ends of the insulating sections 2 and the complementary half portions 6 to assist in clamping the parts together and to prevent damage by unequal expansion and contraction of the metal and insulating parts A semi-discoidal web portion 10, having a plementary half portion 6 to constitute a a centrally apertured transverse seat for the ends of adjacent insulating sections 2 and a support for electrostat-iostress assuming members 12 andl.

The complementary half portion 6 of the conducting sections 3 further comprise horizontal plate-like portions 16 constituting radial arms having laterally projecting portions 17 and apertures 18 therein. a

The condensers t'are each prgvided with apertured laterally-projecting lugs 19 that are disposed over the openings 18 in the arms 16 for the reception of bolts 20 by which the condensers 4 are secured in position. flanges 21, on the under sides of the arms 16, serve to reinforce the latter.

The condensers 4 of each section 3 are electrically connected to each other by the portions 6 and the lugs 19 that constitute the lowpotential terminals of the condensers.

High-potential terminals 23 of the condensers 4 of each section may be connected to the low potential terminals 19 of the condensers 4 next above by conductors 24L to,

thereby, connect all of the condensers 4e inmultiple series relation. This. construction causes the structure to constitute a unitary high-voltage condenser structure in which the total voltage thereacross is so divided into lower potential zones as to require the insulating sections 2 to be only of sufficient size to withstand thesubdivided voltage drop.

The stress-assuming members 14 are each preferably provided with a screw-threaded.

socket portion 26 which .bears against the discoidal seat portions 10 and is adapted to.

Radial two face in uniform spaced relation to the surface of the head 28. This construction provides a uniform field in an arc-gap 30 between the portions 28 and 29. A nut 31 assists in securing the members 12 and 1st in position on the portions 10.

' The radial length of any portion of the arcgap 30 is the shortest distance between each a'dr. a remai der oi? the seruc ssh-over occurs.

iy assisted by the enclo in the portions 29 and by the fact that all arcing distances outside the gaps 30 are greater than the latter.v

I'll the form of my invention shown in Fig. 5, in which corresponding parts are desig nated by corresponding reference characters, the insulatingsections 2, instead of being sep arate eleinents are'all intimately or integrally united. Such a structure may be formed of,

wood, fiber or any other suitable insulating material.

In this form, the clamping portions 9 are dispensed with and the complementary half portions 6 secured in position around an uncorrugated portion 33 of the integral sections 3, as by screws or bolts 84, that extend through bushings 38 in -the section 2. Also, the stress-assuming members 12 and '14 of each condiicting' section 3 are preferably integrally united to constitute one element or member having an apertured central portion 35 into which unthreaded ends 36 of the 7 screws 34 extend to hold the same in position.

Cylindrical flexible insulating members 37 are disposed between the section 2 and'the central portion 35 of the integral stress-assuming members 12 andld.

By my invention,, the central insulating column is relieved of all electrostatic stress etllects and, by reason of the confined or enclosed relation of the safety gap 30, disruptive arcs are prevented from traveling beyond a definite local path between the conducting sections. The device is also safer in operation and adapted for service in connection with voltages of \materially greater values than other condensers of the same size.

lVhile I have shown and described particular forms of my invention, changes may be eiilec ted therein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, as set forth in the appended claims.

1. claim my invention: I

1. An electrical structure built up to eon-. stitute a supporting rack or standard and comprising a plurality Of alternate insulating and conducting sections, condensers supported said conducting sect-ions, andnieans providing a dciinite ultimate electrostatic llliillfllfifill path between the conducting sections. i

2.. Jill electrical. structure built up to constitute r supportin racl o standard and i a pin c compri sin H and cone conducsii dash-over path at a predetermined within the structure.

An electrical structure built up to constitute supporting rack or standard and comprising a plurality of alternate insulating and conducting sections, condensers supported by saidconductiiig sections, and means providing a single ultimate electrostatic position flash-over path at a predetermined position within the insulating sections.

5. An electrical structure built up to constitute a supporting rack or standard and comprising a. plurality of alternate insulate ing and conducting sections, condensers supported by said conducting sections, and means for substantially entirely relieving the insulating sections ofelectrostatic stresses between the conductingsections. A

6'; An electrical structurebuilt up to constitute a supporting rack- 01 standard and comprising a plurality of alternate insulating and conducting sections, condensers supported by said conducting sections, and means for precluding the imposition on the insulating sections of damaging stresses in the electrostatic field between the conducting sections.

7. An electrical structure built up to con stitute a supporting rack or standard and comprising a plurality of alternate insulating and conducting sections, condensers sup ported by said conducting sections, and means providing an enclosed ultimate.arc over path between the conducting sections.

8. An electrical structure built up to constitute a supporting rack or standard and comprising a plurality of alternate insulating and conducting sections, condensers supported by said conducting sections, including a hollowinsulating section, and means in said hollow-section for assuming an ultimate are between the conducting sections adjacent thereto.

9. An electrical.structure built up to constitute a supporting rac lr or standard and comprising a pluralityoi alternate insulating and conductin sections including a hollow insulating section, condcnsers supported by the conducting sect-ions, an'd'means in said hollow section for assuming an ultimate are between the conducting sections adjacent thereto.

10.. an electrical'sti ucture built up to conxtitutc a supoorting reel: or standard and plurality cl stress-assuming member in said disposed hollow section for attracting all damaging electrostatic stresses between the adjacent conducting sections away om the remainder of the structure. p I

11. An electrical structure built up to constitute a supporting rack or standard andv comprising a central column embodying alternate longitudinal insulating sections and laterally-projecting conducting sections, conilGllSEI'S supported by the conducting sections, said column being hollow between twondj acent conducting sections and means for di-.

recting the ultimate arc-over in an electrostatic field between said adjacent sections along a path in said hollow column portion-Lv 12. An electrical structure built up to constitute asupporting rack or standard and comprising a central column embodying alternate longitudinal insulating sections and laterally-projec ing conducting sections, condensers supported by the conducting sections, said column being hollow between two adjacent conducting sections and co-operating electrostatic-stressassuming members disposed in said hollow portion and connected to said adjacent conducting sections.

13. An electrical structure built up to constitute a supportingrack or standard and comprising a central column embodying alternate longitudinal insulating sections and laterally-proj'ecting conducting sections, condensers supported by the conducting sections, said column being hollow between two adjacent conducting sections, and an electrostatic stress-assuming member, consaid column being hollow between two),

adjacent conducting sections, and an electrostatic-stress-assuming member connected to each of said adjacent conducting sections and projecting toward the other stress-assuming member in said hollow portion, the adjacent ends of said stress-assuming members being in longitudinally "overlapping spaced relation. i

15. An electrical structure built up to constitute a supporting rack or standard and comprisinga central columnembodying alternate longitudinal insulating sections and laterally-projecting conducting sections, condensers supported by the conducting sections, said column being hollow between two adjacent conducting sections, and anelectrostatic-stress-assumi-ng member connected to each of said adjacent conducting sections and projecting toward the other stress-assuming member in said hollow portion, the ad acent ends of said stress-assuming memdistribute the electrostatic field therebetween. t

16. An electrical structure built up to constitute a supporting rack or standard and comprising a central column embodying alternate longitudinal" insulating sections and laterally-projecting conducting sections, condensers supported by the conducting bers having surfaces shaped to uniformly sections, said column being hollow between two adjacent conducting sections, and an electrostatic-stress-assuming member connected to each of said adjacent conducting sections and prdjecting toward the other stress-assuming member in said hollow -portion, the adjacent ends of said stress-assuming members being of substantially spheroidal shape.

, 17. An electrical structurebuilt up to constitute asup portingrack or standard and com prising a central column embodying alternate longitudinal insulating sections and laterally-projecting conducting sections, condensers supported by the conducting sections, said column being hollow between two adjacent conducting sections and an' electrostaticstr ess-assuming member connected to each of said adjacent conducting projecting toward the other stress-assuming member in said hollow portion, one of said stress-assuming members having a curved exterior end surface and the other stress-as-.-

'suming member being hollow and having a curved inner surface surrounding said hollow surface in uniform spaced relation thereto.

sections and H 18. An electrical structure built up to constitute a supporting rack or standard and comprising .a'central column embodying alternate longitudinal insulating sections and laterally-projecting conducting sections, con

densers supported by-the conducting sections,

said column being hollow between two adjacent conducting sections, and an electrostaticstress-assuming member connected to each of said adjacent conducting sections and projecting toward the otherstress-assuming member in said hollow portion, one-of said stress-assuming members having a hollow end portion surrounding an end of the other stress-assuming member in spaced relation thereto.

19. An electrical structure comprising spacedconducting sections, condensers supported by the sections, an electrostatic-stressassumingmember connected to one of said conducting sectionsand pro ecting toward another thereof, and a second electrostaticstress-assuming member connectedto said 1 other conducting section and projecting tor ward said first-stress-assuming member, an end of one of said stress-assuming members being enclosed by a portion of the other in spaced relation to said portion,

20. flu electrical. strut-inn? coinpri spaced cmuluctingr section condensers supported byihe SCCllUllm un electrostntic- -tre;-

iissuu'iingg nienibcr muncctcd to one cl said ,s conducl'in sec ions and projecting; towurf J an. coil :1 second el c;s'oslutiuslrcssussuniin -mcinber connected to said other condu section and projecling toward sziid first s-ussiuning' nicinbeiu an end oi 'css-nssumii ,5 members being one other in spncel "l portion. and means for cness-essumin nieinbers. electrical structure con iting u tick or s'l'amlnrd ior electrical de- 7 comprising a hollow central in uns portion and conduct lief porone of s and oori I ferent potential in loncjitudinhllx on soccer relation thereto. condensers supported said cond cting portions. and means for onfininc' ultimate electrostatic flesh-over. re n one conducting portion to another. to i "nth "Within said hollow column portion and 'greventing the imposition of danniaing' ctresses on seid -portion. k i

, 23 An electrical structure in the form of column, carrying s lHUIllJQZ" of superposed induct-innsections supporting condenser v vnd means providing an enclosed ultimate roo /er path between the conducting secrions. and between the groups of condensers supported by any two adjacent conducting SCiJ10"1S.

1; e ectrical structure in the form of a column carrying number of supergoscd conducting ections supporting condensers, and means providing an enclosed ultimate arc-Over path between the conducting sections and between the groups of condensers sup ported bf? any two adjacent conducting sections said column having horizontal corrugntions on its exterior.

An electrical structure built up to constitute a supporting rack and comprising s plurality of alternate insulating and conducting sections, condensers associated with the conducting sections and electrically con- Elected thento, and means for providing an eleotros mic breel:--clown path between adje cent con sections;

26. An electrical cepucitutive unit 00111- plnrality of condensers connected in r el relation, means for supporting fixed relation, and means for PIT'WlfllUQ an electrostatic l')1'c21l(1'lo whi h means is couunon to the c scribed in name this 29th day oi January

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