US1753391A - Last lathe - Google Patents

Description

April 8, 1930. E. TOPHAM LAST LATHE Filed Aug. 15, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 April 8; 1930. E. TOPHAM 1,753,391

LAST LATHE Fild Aug. 15, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Apr. 8, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT emer- LAURENCE E. TOIPHAM, OF WENHAM, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO UNITED SHOE MACHINERY CORPORATION, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY, A

JERSEY LAST LATHE Application filed August 15, 1928. Serial No. 299,690.

429,719, filed Dec. 10, 1920', now Patent #1,? 16,672; Serial No. 530,214, filed Jan. 18, 1922, now Patent #1,? 13,7 92; and Serial No. 284,078, filed June 9, 1928, now Patent #1,724,981.

In these applications, I have shown a width grading mechanism which can be made to operate with a variable magnlfication factor, and inparticular with a factor which varies in any predetermined cycle, in time with the rotation of the model and last block; A practical problem discussed in my prior applications mentioned was that of last width grading from a model in such a Way that the bottom face of themodel is reproduced exactly in the last block, all the width grading being done above the bottom.

The width grading mechanism as hereto-.

fore constructed in copying lathes has always multiplied the model radius, measured from the axis of rotation to the surface point then in contact with the model Wheel, by the grading factor then being utilized, or in ordinary language, the machine grades from the radius. The present invention contemplates grading from the diameter, as measured perpendicularly through the model axis from the surface point in contact with the model wheel, to the other side, with the advantage that when anomalous grading is being done in one part of the rotation cycle, as when the bottom of the model is being held unchanged, the entire diameter of the last is available for magnification in the opposite part of-the rotation cycle, as on the upper side of the model, instead of merely the upper radius alone. The diameters of lasts, in their footfitting portions, vary less extremely than their radii, and thus in grading from the diameter a magnification factor cycle can be found which will be better adapted to the entire foot-fitting portion of the last than in the case where the grading is done from Y the radius alone, since some radii of a last, for example, at the upper surface of the ball portion, are often small, and a magnification,

factor which will adequately magnify the entire cross-section at such points without the CORPORATION 01 NEW help of the larger radii running to the bottom may be ill adapted to the other parts of the last Where the radii to the upper surface are much longer.

The invention, therefore, comprises, in its method aspect, the magnification or grading of models by, in effect, increasing their diameters (instead of their radii) and adding algebraically, in the work, a part of the diameter instead of a part of the radius, in building up the surfaceof the work. I

' In the operation of the machine illustrated as embodying the invention inits machine of the invention may be practised, the two radii forming a diameter are simultaneously measured, and the effect due to each is transaspect and by the aid of which the method sponding diameter in the work, so that the total diametral magnification isthe same as in grading from the radius,but half of it is applied at each end of the diameter, instead of that part of the magnification due to each radius being applied at the end of that radius. Thus the accretion at the end of a small radius, with a given magnification factor, can be larger than under the former practice, and if the oppositely extending radius is not to be magnified, it is not necessary to use such an extreme magnification factor on the short radius. In the illustrated machine the ends of the two opposed radii contact withtwo model wheels respectively, and these contacts control a grading slide.

These and other features and aspects of the invention will be better understood from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the machine aspect of the invention, by means of which the method can be practise V In the drawings, 7

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a last lathe embodying the invention in a preferred form and Fig. 2 is an. enlarged sectional side elevation of the swing frames and model Wheel carriage of the machine shown in Fig. 1.

In the illustrated last lathe, the swing frame 10 is similar in construction to that shown in my application Serial No. 530,2l l, filed Jan. 18,1922, to which reference may be made for details not herein described. The center of rotation is the axis of the heavy shaft 12.

The \Vllfilllll grading fanboafrd 1-6 is pivoted at 18 on the machine frame. It contacts with a feele'r roll 20 on the end of a feeler link 22 pivoted to the model wheel or grading slide 24 at 26. The link 22 is shown in neutral position, under which condition a link 28, pivoted to it,will just reach to-the pivotal center of a slotted- .segment mounted on -the model wheel carriage 33. A block as, to which the link 28 is pivotally connected, is-adjustable in the slot in the segment 32 by a link 36 which is adjustable by a handle 38 on a shaft 40 having a Worm and screw connection with a cranx arm 42 pivoted to the link-3'6. Proper adjustment of the block 34 will '-therefore adjustfthe roll 29' on the fanboard 16. The segment 32 can hmoved about its pivotal center 30'hy a roll i l on an arm 46 attached to the segment, actuated by 'a cam on a gear 50, which is rotated at the same speed as the model and block. The movement oftlie-segment thus imparts a cyclic movement to the .roll 20, when the block 34 is-set oi the center 30, and thereby automatically effects cyclic variation of the position of the roll 20 and consequently of the width grading factor, the length of the cycle corresponding to the rotation time of the model and work. This width grading mechanism willbe found more fully explained in my application Serial No. 429,719, filed .Dec. 10, 1929. Obviously the cam 18 can he "designed to return the roll 20 to its neutral position in line with the pivot 18 when "the bottom of the model is in contact with the model wheel, thus reproducing the bottom exactly; and to cfiect' all the magnification required above the bottom;

The model wheel susgension and the mechanism for keeping the model wheel center the grading plane (the plane passing tlmough the axis of rotation lla-n-d the neutral position of the center of the model wheel 54) is substantially like that shown in my application Serial No. 530,214. The model wheel 54: is pivoted on an extension .56 making an angle "of about 30 with astub shaft indicated also by the refeiience numerali52, Fig 2, on Whichthe extension is mounted. The model: wheel center 52 lies at the intersection of the axis of the stub shaft and the extension. The stub shaftzis-mounted in the enclof a lever 5.8 pivoted at 60 on the model wheel slide 2d,:and hasa era-n l; arm 62 connected by a link 6 with the model wheel slide. Tliestructure 6O,=V58, 56, 62,64

forms a parallelogram. This arrangement keeps the extension on the stub shaftfrom rotating in space as the lever 58 turns, can" ing the model wheel witl it, so that the axis of the model wheel always remains parallel to itself and consequently in the same angular relation to the grading plane (passing through the model and work axes and the cutter center) and the correspondingly oriented cutter axis. This relation is necessary in order to preserve similarity of conditions on the model and work sides of the machine.

The rear arm of the lever 58 carries a pivoted slide block 66 Working in a slideway 68 fastened to a crankarm 70 mounted on the model wheel carriage '33, and connected to the f anboard 16 by alink 2. As explained in my application Serial No. 5230,21 tl is structure will cause the model wheel center to remain always in the grading plane, following the axis 13 the swing frame 10 oscillates, thus to preserve the similarity of conditions above referred to.

The model 14 is driven by a chaincf gearin'g beginning at a shaft 74 having a long pinion 7 6 on it which drives the gear 50, as this gear is carried along by themedel wheel carriage A gear 78 tne shaft 7 4 drives a train of gears 80, 82, 84 the last being concentric with the shaft 12. The gear all drives integral gears '86 and 88, mounted on the swing frame 1 0, and the gear 88 drives a gear 90, having. ust twice as many teeth and n'rounted on the model axis 13. It is shown in my application Serial No. 530,214 that this structure will keep any radial plane of the model in the grading plane irrespectii "eof swing frame rotation, and thus preserve the proper reverse relation between the model and Work sides of the machine when the model and work (are rotated in opposite directions in so-called reverse cutting.

All of the structure so far described'suhstantlly identical with structuredescribed in my applications Serial No. 530,214 and Serial No. l-29,2 19, to which reference may be made for details not here mention-ed;

At each end of the .i'nachine are mounted a pair of standards 92, at the n pe-r ends of which is mounted a downw. ll swing frame=9-l sin in all oth the swing frame 10,-and arranger to a second model 96. i shown, this model is mounted in a position rotated 480 from the positionof the model 14;. A standar-" 98 mounted on the model wheel slide car a bell cran-k having two arms 10), 10% will pivot 102 directly ahovethe pivot (30. The horizontal .a-rm 10sof the crank carries model wheel 106 which is mou t l o in just the same way-as the model wheel on the front end of the lever 58. The cram; arm 1G8 corresponds to the crank and the link 1'10, connecting the arm 1Q8-to the sta nd-ard 98*, corresponds to the link eter of the model.

The crank arm 100- is geared to-an equal crank arm 112 mountedat'60 on'the lever 58. Thus, the two :model wheel Suspensions are identical. gearing exactly like that described for the rection and at the same speed, by virtue of a shaft 114 and appropriate gearing connect ing the upper gearing to the shaft 74. er. The two swing frames are connected to the fanboard 16 as follows. The swing frames are connected to each other by a link 116 pivoted to the lower frame at 118, and pivoted at 120 to one end of a short link 122 pivoted at its other end to the upper frame, thus permitting the frames to swing freely. The center of the link 116'is linked to the upper end of a rock-lever 124 by a link126 and the lower end of the rocklever is linked 39 to the fanboard by a link 128. Thus the movement of the link 128 and consequently of the fanboard is the average of the movements of the two swing frames which are easily seen to be proportional respectively to the two radii in contact with the two model wheels. Owing to'the 1809 difference in the positions of the models these two radii, taken together, form the same diameter of the models 14, 96. Thus, the accret-ion at any point of the block is equal to the accretion factor multiplied by half the corresponding diameter of the model, instead of the radius to the point in question, or by the mean of the two corresponding radii forming this diam- By the accretion factor is meant the grading or magnification factor minus unity, taken algebraically. That is, if the block is, larger than the model, the grading factor is 1.10 and the accretion factor is 1.101.00=0.10; and if the block is v10% smaller than the model, the grading factor is 0.90 and the accretion factor is 0.901.00= 0.10.

Therefore, the grading action at any point is based on the length of the diameter extending to that point, instead of merely the radius extending to that point, so that if the bottom radii for example are to be reproduced unchanged they still have an efiect in to the grading of the upper part of themodel, and it is therefore unnecessary to adopt such an extreme grading factor for the top as would be necessary if only the upper radii were available there for magnification.

V The contact of the two model'wheels 54, 106 with geometrically opposite sides of the identical models 14, 96'amounts in effect to calipering the corresponding diameter or measuring the two corresponding opposed (i0 radii of either one of the models, and this diameter is multiplied by one-halfthe glradning fa gtgr then being utilized in the mac ine.

The two models may--be said to Joe-engaged by the model wheels. on opposite sides of their (identical) model figure, by which isv meant The model 9.6 is driven by.

model 14, the rotation being in the same ditive of its swing-frame rotation,

-:' The gear 50,

opposite sides of the models considered as recognizable geometrical shapes, irrespective of their positions in space. Each model wheel remains in its own grading plane by virtue of the connection 100- 112, and any diametral plane of each model which is in its grading plane remains in its grading plane irrespecby virtue of the drive gearing described.

same angular velocity as the models, and. by

proper design of the cam 48 any desired cycle of setting of the feeler roll .20 on the fanboard 16 can be obtained, as described'in my application Serial No. 530,214.

The mountin'gof theblock 15, the construction of the cutter 132 and the drive of the model wheel and cutter carriages are all as described in my application Serial No. 530,214 v Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a pattern copying machine, means for holding a block and a model, a tool, and a,

width grading mechanism arranged to co-op" erate with the model, the width grading mechanism. being constructed and arranged to grade from of from a radius comprised in the diameter.

2 In a pattern copying machine, means for holding a block and a model, a tool, and a width grading mechanismarranged to co-operate with the model, the width gradingmechanism being constructed and arranged to caliper the diameter of the model and to mule tipl'y it by a magnification factor in the block.

3. In apattern copyingmachine', means-for as stated, is rotated at the a diameter of the model instead holding a block and a'model, a tool, and a width grading mechanism arranged to, co-operate with the model, the width grading mechanism being constructedand arranged to measure two oppositely'extending radiiof the model and to magnifytheir sum in the work. 7

4. In a pattern copymg machine, means for holdinga block and. a model, a-tool,and a width grading mechanism arranged to co-operate with the model, the width grading mechanism being constructed and arranged to measure two oppositely extending radii of the model and to multiply their mean by the width grading factor.

5. In a pattern copymgmachine, means for holding a block and a model, a tool, and a width grading mechanism arranged to co-operate with the model, the width grading mechanism being constructed and arranged to measure two oppositely extending radii of the model and to add algebraically to the block radius then on the cutter aquantity depending upon the mean of'the two said oppositely extending model radii.

6. In apattern copying machine, means for holding ablock and a model, a tool, and a width'grading mechanism arranged to co;op- 3.-

crate with the model, the widthgradin'g mech anism being constructed and arranged to measure two oppositely extending radiiof the model and to add algebraically to the block radius then on the cutter a quantity depending upon the sum of the two said oppositely extending model radii.

7. In a pattern -copying machine, means for holding a block and a model, a tool, and a width grading mechanism arranged to'co-opcrate with the model, the width grading mechanism being constructed and arranged to measure two oppositely extending radii of the model and to add,,-al-gebraically to each of the corresponding block radii a quantity equal to the product of the mean of the said model radii by the accretion factor.

8. In a pattern'copying machine, means'fo-r holding a block and a model, a tool, and a Width grading mechanism arranged to :co-opcrate with the model, the width grading mechanism beiin g constructed and arranged to measure two oppositely extending radii of themed-e1 and to add algebraically, at laterally opposite points of the block, to the model radius being graded, a quantity equal to the producto'f the mea'n'of the model radius being graded and its opposed radius by the accreti'on factor. n

9;. A width grading mechanism for a copying lathe comprising a grading slide and two "model wheels,and means formovin g the slide controlledby the contact-of the model wheels with-two opposed model radii. I 10. A width-grading mechanism for acopyinglath'e comprising a model holding means,

a grading slide carrying two model wheels arranged for movement toward and from the model holding means, and means for moving the slide controlled by contact of the model wheels with the ends of opposed model radii.

11. A copying lathe having two oscillating names, model holding means in each frame, 'two'model wheels arranged to contact with opposite sides of the model figure of the models in the model holding means, respectively, and a grading slide gc iverned by the oscillating frames.

12. A copying lathe'having two oscillating frames, model holding means in each frame, two model wheels arranged to contact with opposite sides of the model figure of the models in the model holding means, respectively, a grading slide, a control therefor, and a' connection between each oscillating frame and the grading slide control.

13. A copying lathe having two oscillating frames, model holding means in each frame, two model wheels arranged to contact with geometricallyopposite sides of models in the model holding means, respectively, a grading slide, a link connecting the oscillating frames, and a connection between the grading slide and a mid point .of the link 14. A copying lathe having two'oscillating frames, model holding means in each frame, two model wheels arranged to contact with models in the model holding means on opposite sides, respectively, of the model figure defined by said models, a grading slide, a link connecting the oscillating frames, and a conpecipion between the grading slide and the 15. A copying lathe having two oscillating frames, model holding means in each frame, two model wheels arranged to contact with models in the model holding means on opposite sides, respectively, of the model figure defined by said models, a grading slide, a fanboard to operate the grading slide, and a connection running from the fanboard to both oscillating frames.

16. A copying lathe having two oscillating frames, model holding means in each frame, two model wheels arranged to contact with geometrically opposite sides of models in the model holding means, respectively, a link connecting the oscillating frames, grading slide, a fanboard to operate the grading slide, and a connection running from the fanboard to the link.

17. A copying lathe having two oscillating frames, model holding means in each frame, two model wheels arranged to contact with models in the model holding means, substantially respectively, on opposite ends of corresponding diameters thereof, a link connecting the oscillating frames, a grading slide, a

fanboard to operate the grading slide, and a connection running from the fanboard to the center of the link.

18. A copying lathe having two oscillating frames, model holding means in each frame, two model wheels arranged to contact with models in the model holding means, substantially respectively, on opposite ends of corresponding diameters thereof, a grading slide, a fanboard, an adjustable feeler extending from the grading slide to the fanboard, a

connection between the fanboard and both oscillating frames, and means for automatic'ally altering the adjustment of the feeler during the production of a work piece.

19. A copying lathe having two frames, model holding means in each frame, two model wheels arranged to contact with models in the model holding means, substantially respectively, on opposite ends of corresponding diameters thereof, a grading slide, a fanboard, an adjustable feeler extending from the grading slide to the fanboard, a connection between the fanboard and both oscillating frames, and means for automatically altering the adjustment of the feeler during the production of a work piece, said last-mentioned means operating in a cycle having the same time length as a rotation of a model.

20. In a pattern copying machine, means for holding a block and a model, a tool, a

oscillating 1.1.

not of half the corresponding model diameter width grading mechanism arranged to cooperate with the model, the width grading mechanism being constructed and arranged to grade from a diameter of the model instead of from a radius thereof, and means for automatically alterin the grading factor during the production 0 a work piece.

21. That improvement in methods of pattern copying which consists in width grading from a diameter of the model instead of from a radius comprised in the diameter.

22. That improvement in methods of pattern copying which consists in measuring a diameter of the model instead of a radius comprised in the diameter and determining a point in the surface of the work by adding to the corresponding model radius the prodby the accretion factor.

23. That improvement in methods of pattern copying which consists in measuring two opposed model radii and determining a point on the surface of the work corresponding to the end of one of the said model radii by adding to the said corresponding model radius the product of the mean of the two said model radii by the accretion factor.

24. That improvement in methods of pattern copying which consists in measuring two opposed model radii and determining two opposed points on the surface of the work corresponding to the ends of the said model radii by adding to each of the said corresponding radii half the product of the sum of the said model radii by the accretion factor. V

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

' LAURENCE E. TOPHAM.

Images