US1753133A - Hand brake - Google Patents

Description

April 1, 1930.

W. H. SAUAG E HAND BRAKE Filed F'eb. 9. 1925 2 SheetS-Sheetl l Snom/1to1,

April 1, 1930.

w. H. SAUVAGE HAND BRAKE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb1 9, 1925 Patented Apr. 1,'71930 UNIT-sn STAT-ss .mrs-Nr; oFFVIcE .WILLLAM in snuvnen, or NEW Yoan, N, Y., AssIeNon, BY MnsN-n ASSIGNMENTS, To

Application 111ml February This invention relates to improvements in railway brakesand more particularly to the foundation brake system'and manually actuated mechanism as installed on :railway` cars. I n other words, the invention resides'in `the peculiar combination and relationof the manually operated brake rigging and `air brake mechanism now in general use. One of the objects of the presentI invention is to provide anlimproved brake system Jfor railway cars of simplefand practical construc' tion and one which may be'manually operated and be as reliable and eficient in use and operation as the ower brake.

A. further object is to`provide a system of the above general character which may .be easily applied to the foundation brake. rigging now in use withoutmaterial modification.A

i A further object is t0 provide an improved. manually operated brake rigging adapted to have uniform travel regardless of the we ar of the brake shoes and associated parts.

A further Objectis to provide an improved brake rigging in which the manually oper# ated unit will automatically compensatefor excess travel of the rigging.'

A further object is to provide a quick acting high powered manually operated brake particularly applicable -or use in connection withV the present combined air brake and hand brake systems now in general use.

Other objects will be in part obvious and in part hereinafter pointed out in connection with the accompanying sheets of drawings wherein is shown two of various 'possible embodiments of the system and a preferred form of the manually operated mechanism.' In these drawings wherein similar parts are denoted by corresponding reference characters- Figure 1 isa diagrammatic view showing suiiicientparts of the completesystem Vas to en able one to thoroughly understand the same.

Figure 2 is a similar view showing armodified system;

. Figure 3 is a detail partial sectional view of the brake operating mechanism; and` Figures 4 and 5 are detail views of certain parts.

shown theV generalhand brake arran ement 10, preferably. attached to one end o av car of any desired type. This mechanism is pro- `vided with 'an actuating chain 11 passing around 'a sheave 12 thence back to the -dead lever 13 of the foundation brake""rigging.

,This lever 13 is connected through tie rod 14 `to cylinder lever 15 which is, in turn, con- 'nected to the piston rod 16 actuated fromv the air c'ylinder17. The leversv 13 and 15 are connected through to rods,` 18 withthe brake riggingon the truc at the opposite ends of the car. This Vgeneral mechanism is all of well. knownarrangement andneedsno further detailed'descriptiomi It will be noted, however, that in onefrespect V the arrangement is thereverse ofthe usual'comf` bination. In other wrdsasherein shown, the handbrake `actuating'm'echanisn'r is attached to one end ofthe dead or-'loating cylinder lever 13, the end of which lever is adapted to travel in the' slotted guide 20 'secured to the'rear of the airbrake cylinder. Inasmuch as the lower end VAof the lever 13 is .prevented from moving relatively towards the left as.

shown in Figure 1, due to the holdingl mechanism associated with-the handbrake and later more fully described; This lower end of the lever 13 may be considered ixed when air power is applied. On the other hand,

when the handbrake is applied, then the live and dead levers will move to substantially the position sho'w'n in the dotted lines. The'hand actuating mechanism is of-that type which will permit only a predetermined amount of chain to be unwound therefrom and since it is connected directly to the cylinder floating lever by the chain connection 11 a seveninch return pistontravel means the unwind.

inches since the proportioning of the levers is the same. By the term chain as herein used and in the claims, itis, of course, to be inter reted broadly as denoting a flexible v mem er as wellasto include the connecting links, as shown, which with'some types oi cars are more desirable.

In Figure 2 the hand brake arrangement is substantially the same. except that the cylinder 20 is reversed and works in harmony with the hand'brake. In this case the slotted piston rod 21 is provided at its end with a slot 22 seven or eight inches inlength to correspond with the normal piston travel. This push rod is fastened'to a hollow piston by means of a 'clutch 19 freely operating in one way and locked against movement in the opposite-direction, such, for example, as the use of a ratchet or dog construction. `Whenv the handbrake is applied by the operator,v

should the cylinder lever 23 which carries a pin cooperating with the slot '22 in the telescoping rod 21 exceed in movement the length of this slot 22, then the telescoping part 21 of the piston will be forcibly pulled out thru the holding mechanism 19 relatively towardsv the right to the same extent as Vthe excess travel of the cylinder lever 23 over and above the length of the slot 22. Also the automatic stop in the handbrake mechanism shown in Figure 4will on release prevent the drum 31 from unwinding more than a predetermined amount of chain equal to the length of the slot` 22 thereby insuring or establishing proper brake shoe clearance and desiredpiston travel at the next application of the powery brakes.

When the brake shoes need renewal, as in Figure l, it is only necessary to drop the automatic holding pawl in the hand brake, thus permitting allfotthe chain to unwind and allow the parts to go to full release posi' tion. With the form shown in Figure 2, the holding clutch dog 19 is released and the telescoping part 21 of the piston forced inwardly to full released position. flhe new shoes are applied to the brake rigging and preliminary adjustment `of `the truck brake levers made if necessary." ;'Then,. on the iirst application of the hand brake, all ofthe excess travel of the entire foundation brake rigging is taken up, and simultaneously the telescoping piston rod is adjusted to proper relative position with respect to the piston in the cylinder -so that on the first application ot the power brakes, the air piston will move the desired'seven inches. Of course, it is to be understood that in using the .arbitrary distance of seven inches, ,this indicates the normal, standard piston travel of thecar at rest.

When thecarisrin motion, there is, due to' looseness inthe king-pins, journal boxes, etc.,

a slightly greater distance to be traversed before ythe brakes' are effectively applied,

being perhaps a total of eight inches or eight and a half inches.4v

This preliminary explanation of Figures 1 and 2 isvfor the purpose ofshowing the relationship between the hand brake mechanism and the cylinder lever system in order that Ithe unique and novel relationship of these parts, due to their .peculiar construction and arrangement, will be more apparent. The cylinder lever system diagrammatically illustrated in- Figure 2 is an old, well known and conventional type with the exception of the hangers supporting and limiting the re'- turn movement of the cylinder levers themselves, the purpose of which be hereinafter more fully pointed out. Referring now to Figure 3 of the .drawings, there is shown a casingV 30 provided with-a drum 31 .upon which -the chain 11 is adapted to be wound. A main actuating or hand Wheel 33, drives shaft 34, provided with beveled gear 35, which, in turn, meshes withv `engagement with the ratchet by means of a pivotally mounted weight 44. This collar 41 may be turned or reversed and locked in any desired position by means of the lug 42- adapted to engage a recess in the collar 40.

Outside of the large bevel gear 36 is aspocial holding ratchet 45 which is attached to and moves with the gear at thesame speed. The teeth of this ratchet are covered throughout the greater portion thereof by means of l a thin springsteel protection covering 46,

as shown more completelyin Figure 4, which hugs the periphery of the teeth with sufficient friction to prevent ordinary relative movement yet slips relatively thereto when occasion demands as wear of the parts takes place. It will be noted that this covering or shield is provided with an ear 47, as shown in full lines in Figure 4, when the parts are. in full released position, but moves to thev dotted line position at 48 when the brake is applied.- Should vthe ratchet continue to revolve in a counter-clockwise direction after the'earreachesthe position 48` it strikes against the hub 50 of gravity actuated pawl 51 and is caused to slip relativelyto the ratchetwheel 45 to an extent equal to that of the excess travel. The chainsheave 31 will, under these. circumstances, take. up more than' the usual seven inches' of slack chain, and on release'of the brakes the pawl 51 is raised and will ride on the upper or outer surface of the shield unless it reaches the gap lll) n 55 Ain the uncovered portion whereu on it i follows.

dropsinto en agement with the ratc et 45 and prevents drum, until the of engagement. Y

"Figure 5 is to Figure 4, hut a power pawl is manna y moved out multiplying device, such Yas gears 52-53, is

employed, the gear 52 heing on the brake staff.

While itis believed that the operation oi thisxdevice is perfectly clear -rom the above description, a brief 'statement thereo'is as Referring@ Figures 1,3 ma aa be noted that when the handwheelfl is rotated, the brake is applied and pressure maintained byreason of the pawl and ratchet' mechanism rection until the hole comes opposite 'the pawl 51 whereupon Vtheipawl drops-into "engagement with the teeth of ratchet'45'and prevents a Vfurther of the chain 32 fromthe drum 31, thereby positively 1nsuring a uniform brake actuating movement of the hand brake rigging. When the brakes are next applied, it will .only he necessary to give the drum approximately two-thirds of a turn in order to-obtajn full braking pressure. Y Y

It, due to wear-tof the parts, this two-thirds of a turn is insuicient to taire up 'alici the Y excess travel, thesleeve 46 automatically adjust itself by-reason of the engagement oi the stop 48 withpinvl) toa new position upon the ratchet, and Yin this manner, the

brake rigging isV automatically adjusted at all times. i.

Referring back to Figur-cl2, in order that the c0operation-between--the hand and power brakes may beA more apparent, attention is directed to thefact that opposed to the `cylinder lever 23 is the dead or oatmg cylinder lever connected therewith by means ci tie rods 6l. These levers have their opposite ends connected to pull rods 62 extending in opposite directions. and connected with the upper ends of the live truck levers 63. The lower ends of these levers are connected to the dead truck levers 64 by means oi bottom tie rods 65. The upper ends oi the dead levers are supported in adjustable hangers 66 which in the present case, as herein shown,

are mounted on truck holsters 67. 0i course,

the truck levers. carry ,bralre heams having shoes 68 adapted. to coact with the the pe her ofthe chain ripheries of. the-adjacent truck wheels. All

of Vthis mechanism, immediately above described, is of. substantially standard construction dii'ering slightly in different types of cars, but heretofonei'io one has apparently appreciated the importance of utilizing and accurately positioning the cylinder` lever hangers 70 with relation to the truck brake rigging and piston travel. These hangers 70, which may bevo theusual inverted, U-shaped bars depending from the under side of the car body or slots in the draft sills when an all metall car is equipped, are

adapted to limit the adjusting movement of the truck brake levers and permit independent. adjustment of each truck'brake rigging"V withoutv disturbing the relative angularity of either the cylinder or the truck bralrelever's at theoppositeiend of the car. For instance,

as herein shown, when new brake shoesare applied to the brake beams of one truck and the levers adjusted tosubstantially desired position, the mechanic in charge merely removes the pin 71 'and pulls the upper end of'V the dead truck leverl 64towards the yadjacent -end of the car as far as it will go. This brings the brake shoes into contact with the peripheries of the wheels or. into appliedpo` sition. Then by dropping back one hole on regulator 66, the brakes automatically release from engagement with the wheels. and substantially the desired brake shoe clearance is obtained. This major adjusting.moveinent,

however, does not affect the remainder of the foundation gear, for the cylinder levers are snug vagainst the end of their hangers 70, and the pulling movement exerted upon the' upper ends of the dead levers 64 isstopepd ico at that point of engagement between the cyl- -inderlever and 'its supporting hanger.

In thismanner not only is thel independent adjustment of each truckbrakeriggmg permitted Without seriouslyA changing the angularity of any of the levers, .but the piston travel (neither too short 'nor too long) and the hand 'brake travel is maintained more nearly constant.` .The 'subsequent ineradjustment for both of' these mechanisms permittedby their associated parts may be then more easily and quickly established on first application `of V the brakesv and maintained thereafter.

From the above, itwill be apparent that if the normal hand brake travel of seven inches provided for by the' slot 22 be exceeded, such movement will automatically adjust the izo piston travel by pulling out the telescoping part 21 of the piston lpast the holding means 19.

It will thus be seen that the hand brakeV mechanism. above described is particularly applicable for use with the foundation bralre rigging of cars of that type adaptedto have semiautomati'c adjustment to compensate for wear of the parts, and the bralre mechanism the foundation brake rigging, hand brakev mechanism, means directly incorporated therein adaptedto establish uniform piston travel when the air brakes are actuated, and

means includinga slotted connection permitting independent movement of thefoundation brake rigging under hand power without actuating the air brake piston.

2. In a brake system for railway cars, in combination, a foundation brake rigging ini cluding an air brake cylinder, a slotted connection, a manually operated mechanism conl `brake mechanism.

hand operation of the 'brakes wi nected with the foundation brake mechanism through said slotted connection, `permitting ing said piston, and means directlyiincorporated in said manually operated mechanism adapted to establish uniform piston travel and uniform travel of the manually operated 3. A brake systemincluding foundation brake rigging, an air brake cylinder, and manually operated hand brake means, a slotted connection permitting independent operation of the cylinder or handbrake as desired and means directly incorporated in said hand brake mechanism adapted to establish'y uniform piston travel or uniform actuation of the hand brake mechanism according to which is actuated.

4. A brake system including foundation brake rigging, an' air brakecylinder and manually operated hand brake means, a slotted connection permitting independentoperation of the cylinder or hand brake as desired and means directly incorporated in said hand brake mechanism adapted to establish uniform piston travel'or uniform actuation of the hand brake mechanism, according to which is actuated, saidmeans including a friction device adapted to be moved as wear' of the parts occur.

5. A brake system including foundationv brake rigging, an air. brake cylinder, and manually operated handbrake means, a slotted connection permittingl independent operation of the cylinder or and brake as desired and means associated with the hand" brake mechanism adapted to establish uniform piston travel or uniform actuation of the hand brake mechanism, said mean'sincluding a pawl and ratchet and a friction device associated therewith adapted to autoinatically changevthe point of actuation between the pawl and ratchet if excess travel occurs.

'6.' A manually operated hand brake including a drum about which achain maybe wound, a pawl and ratchet associated Atherewith, and means adapted to establish a predetermined amount of unwinding of the drum when the brakes are releasedin combination with a cylinder lever to which said chain is connected, and a cylinder and piston, said piston having a loose connection with said'lever whereby the hand brake may be ractuated without disturbing said piston.

7. A manually operated hand brakeincluding a drum about which a chain may be wound, a pawl and ratchet associatedtherewith, means adapted to establish a predetermined amount of unwindin of the drum when' the brakes are release and to permit an unlimited movement of Winding up of the chain onapplication of the brakes in combination with acylinder and piston, said piston. having a slotted connection with said chain whereby the chain may be actuated to an extent equal to its unwinding movement without actuating said piston. 4

8. In a hand brake mechanism, in combination, a drum about which a chain is adapt. ed to be wound in applying the brakes, takeup and holding means yassociated therewith, and means associated with said drum adapted to permit a'. limitedunwinding of the drum 1 on release of the brakes in combination with i a cylinder and piston, said piston having a slotted connectionwith said chain whereby the chain may be actuated to an extent equal to its unwinding movement without actuating said piston, and a regulator adapted to be actuated when excess piston travel occurs for restoring the piston to normal travel for the vnext subsequent operation.

9. In a hand brake mechanism, in combination, a drum about which a chain is 'adapted to be wound in applying the brakes, take-up and-holding meansassociated therewith, and

means associated with said drum adapted to permit a limited unwinding of the drum on release of the brakes, and permitting unlimited winding of the chain about said drum on application of the brakes in combination `with a cylinder having a telescoping piston, said .piston having a lost motion connection with said chain whereby the hand brakes may be actuated a predetermined amount ,substantially equal to normal piston travel before movement of said piston, and means whereby excess travel of the hand' brake mechanism will automatically set said piston to normal piston travel on the next subsequent operation of the air brake cylinder.

10.- Ina hand brake mechanism, in combination, a drum about which a chain is adapted to be wound,mechanism for holding the same in any desired adjusted position, and a .nism for holding the same in any desired adjusted position and a second paWl and ratchet mechanism for insuring uniform brake operation andv automatic take up of any excess travel which vmay occur in the brake rigging during the manual operation of the hand brake.-

12. In a hand brake mechanism, in combination, a drum about Which a chain is adapted to be Wound, a pavvl and ratchet mechanism for holding the same in any desired adjusted position, a second pawl and ratchet mechanism for insuring uniform brake operation and automatic take up of any .eXf cess travel Which may occur in the brake rigging during the manual operation of the hand brake, said means including a'shield substantially enclosing said ratchet and movable relatively thereto on `excess travel.

. 13. In a foundation brake rigging, in combination, truck brake levers, cylinder levers, an airb-rake cylinder connected with said levers, and hand brake mechanism connected With one of said cylinder levers, means directly incorporated in said hand brake for automatically establishing proper brake shoe clearance of the truck brake levers, and independent manually operable adjusting means associated with said truck brake levers for initially establishing proper brake shoe clearance.

14. In a foundation brake rigging, in combination, truck brake levers, cylinder levers, an airbrake cylinder connected with said levers, hand brake mechanism connected With one of said cylinder levers, means directly incorporated in said hand brake for automatically establishingproper brake shoe clearance of the truck brake levers, and manually operable adjusting means associated vvith said truck brake levers for initially establishing proper brake shoe clearance, said hand brake mechanism and air brake mechanism havin a lost motion connection whereby the hand brake may be actuated Without actuating the air brake piston.

15. In a foundation brake rigging, incombination, truck brake levers, cylinder levers, an airbrake cylinder connected with said levers, hand brake mechanism connected` with one of said cylinder levers, means directly incorporated in said hand brake for automatically establishing proper brake shoe clearance of the truck brake levers, and manually operable adjusting means associated With said-set of truck brake levers for initially establishing proper brake shoe clearance, said hand brake mechanism and air brake mechanism having a lost'motion connection whereby the hand brakemay be actuated without l actuating the airbrake piston', and means associated with one of said parts adapted to automatically adjust the piston to standard piston travel when the hand brakes are actuate 16. In a foundation brake riggin in combination, truck brake levers, cylinder levers, an airbrake cylinder connected With said levers, hand brake mechanism connected with one of said cylinder levers, means directly incorporated in said hand brahe for automatically establishing proper brake shoe clearance of the truck brake levers, and manually operable adj usting means associated with said truck brake levers for initiallyestablishing proper brake shoe clearance, said hand brake mechanism and air brake mechanism having a lost motion connection whereby the hand brake'may be actuated Without actuating the air brake piston, and means associated with the hand brake and the vair brake cylinder adapted to maintain both of said parts in adj usted position whereby travel and independent regulators associated with the brake leversof each truck for initially establishing proper brake shoe clearance.

18. In a hand brake mechanism, in combination, a drum about which a chain is adapted to be Wound, mechanism for holding the same in any desired adjusted position, and a pawl and ratchet mechanism actuated by the handA brake for insuring uniform brake operation, said hand brake mechanism being connected with one of the levers of the foundation brake rigging actuated thereby, and means whereby said lever may be moved without moving the piston of the airbrake system.A

19. In a hand brake mechanism, in combig' nation, a drum about which a chain is adapted to be Wound, a pawl and ratchet mechanism for holdingthesame in any desired adjusted uniform hand brakel v or uniform piston travel is provided.

position,a second paWl and ratchet mechalnism actuated by the hand brake for insuring uniform brake operation' and automatically take up ,any excess travel which may Voccur in the brake rigging, said hand brake mechanism being connected with one of the levers of the foundation brake rigging actuated thereby, whereby4 said lever may be moved Withoutmoving the vpiston of the airbr'ake system. V

20. In combination with the foundation brake rigging of a railway vehicle having a brake` lever, regulating` means connectedV therewith near one en of said lever and adapted to be operated when the end of said lever is manually actuated for changing the position of said parts with respect to the vehicle' to re-es'tablish desired. lbrake shoe clearance, said regulator including a positive take up and holding means-permitting a predetermined lost motion proportional to desired brake shoe clearance, said holding means adapted-to beactuated if and when r`take up and holding means, truck brake rig-v excess travel exists thereby permanently to absorb said excess travell in said permanent ging and independent means for regulating said truck brake rigging to approximately d ku:

cluding a mem er connected to said lever nearA one end and adapted to limit its movement in one directloir, lost motion means permitting free manual movement of said leverin the opposite direction a distance substantially proportionalt desired brake shoe clearance when the brakes. are being manually; regulated, and permanent take up and holding means adapted to be actuated on excess manual movementlof said lever beyond the distance provided for by said lost motion means thereby to change the relative position of said lever with respect to the car body and l to re-establish proper brake shoe clearance.

22. Incombination with the foundation brake rigging of a4 railway vehicle having truck Aand cylinder'brake levers, a member connected near .one end of one ofsaid levers,

manually actuated means for changing the.

position of said levers with respectto the vehicle to re-establish desired -brake shoe clearance including positive takel up and holding means providing lost motion after one lever has droppedback a distance pro.

portion'al to desired brake shoe clearance, said holding means adapted to be actuated man-- ually if and when excess travel exists thereby permanently to absorb said excess travel 'in said permanent take up and holding means, and means on each truck of the vehicle, each operable without disturbing-the other for initially regulating the position of the truck brake levers to approximately proper position.

23. In combination with the foundation brake rigging of a railway vehicle having `a brake cylinder lever, a member connectedy therewith near one end of said lever, manually actuated regulating means for changing the position of such lever with respect to the vehicle to reestablish desired brake shoe clearance including means permitting a lost motion proportional to desired brake shoe means operable after any excess distance abovethe lost motion has been traversed thereby permanentlyto absorb said excess.

traveLfOnIy byA said `take up ,and holding means, truck brake lrigging and independent. means for regulating said truck brake rigging to approximately proper brake shoe clearancel position, one of said' regulating means including apin and hole construction.

24. 'In 'combination with the foundation brake rigging of a railway vehicle having -truck levers and cylinder-levers, manually actuatedregulatin means positioned near one end of the car or changing the position of said levers with respect tothe car, therebyto maintain desired brake shoe clearance and piston travel including positive take up and holding means and a lost motion device proportional to brake shoe clearance thereby to permit absorption of all excess travel when said regulator is actuated, and means connecting one of said cylinder levers and said regulatin means independently of the truck bra e rigging. s

25. In combination with the foundation brake rigging vof a railway vehicle having truck and cylinder brake levers, means convclearance, a positive take up and holding nected to one of the cylinder levers and extending approximately to theend of the car, and manually actuated regulating means attached to said connecting means adapted to be manually actuated to take up and permanently hold all excess travel of the :brake rig-` ring, said regulating means being provided with pawl and ratchet mechanism for permanently taking up and holding `any excess travel and a lost mot-ion device for insuring proper brake shoe clearance.

" 26. In combination with the foundation brake rigging'of 'a railway vehicle having truck and cylinder brake levers, means connectedto one of the cylinder levers and extending approximately'to. the end of the car,

and manually actuated regulating -means attached to said connecting means adapted to be manually actuated to take up and per, manently hold all excess travelof the brake rigging said regulating means being providedwith pawl and ratchet mechanism for permanently taking up and holding any excess travel and a lost motion device for insuring proper brake shoe clearance, said connecting means between the cylinder lever and the regulating means being independent of the truck brake levers.

427. In combination with the foundation brake rigging. of a railway vehicle having truck and cylinder brake levers, means connected to one of the cylinder levers and extending approximately to the end of the car, manually actuated regulating means attached to said connecting means adapted to be manually.y actuated to take up and permanently hold all excesstravel of the brake rigging, said regulating means being provided .with pawlv and vratchet mechanism forperp manently taking `up and holding anyexcess travel and a lost motion device for insuring proper brake shoe clearance, and means associated with the truck brake levers for initial# ly regulating the position of 'said levers to approximate proper brake shoe clearance.

28. In combination with the foundation brake rigging of a railway vehicle having truck brake levers and cylinder levers,a manually actuated regulator positioned at approximately one end of the car, and connecting means from said regulator to onev of said cylinder levers.

29. In combination with the foundation brake rigging ofa railway vehicle having truck brake levers and cylinder levers, a

manually actuated regulator positioned at approximately one end yofl the car, and connected means from said regulator to' one'V of saidk cylinder levers, said regulator including a pawl and ratchet mechanism and lost motion means associated therewith adapted to insure brake shoe clearance.

30. In combination with the brake rigging of a railway ca r including a pair of levers, manually actuated regulating means associated with said leversl adapted to change their initial angularity, a cylinder lever, and a second manually operable regulating means near one end of the car and connected with said cylinder lever for more accurately regulating the entire brake mechanism.

31. In combination with the brake rig-l ging bf a railway car including a pair of levers, manually actuated regulating means associated with said levers adapted to change their initial angularity, a cylinder lever, and

'- a second manually operable regulating .January,1925.

means near one end oi the car and connected with said cylinder lever ormore accurately regulating the entire brake mechanism, said second means including a pawl and ratchet mechanism and a lost motion device for insuringhrake shoe clearance.

Signed at New York city this 27th day of WILLIAM I-I. SAUVAGE.

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