US1745960A - Heater - Google Patents

Description

i UJNITEyDgSTATES y rv15 A Lis ture of the supplemental" air is insured with Patented Feb. 4,.1930

riNroFi-ics WILLIAMItN-STQCKWELI., on MICHIGAN CITY,` INDIANA :HEATER Application filed-August 13, 1923. Serial No. 657,198.

This invention relates to improvements in heaters. l. i j

As is well known to those skilled in theart, lhand-fired heaters orboilers .or-furnaces of tithe lusual construction effect about'one-half of the combustion in the fuel bed and the remainder inl the combustion Vspace provided for the gases in their further travelthrough thev heater or boiler.l `Inthis operation, the solid fuel is gasiiied by thepartial combustionV yof the fixed carbon land distillation of the volatile'matter. The gases which arise from the fuel bed. containa relatively high percentage of combustibles, but ordinarily there creased air supply throughthe grate, as by forced draft, merely increases tli'erateofk gasification of the fuel Without changingmateu rially the percentageof combustibles Vremain- ,This results in, production of ,smoke and obviously impaired efficiency of the'heater or l d diate section E may be varied in accordance Y' boiler, particularly Vwhen bituminousv coal is employed.

cientlyutilize the fuel andy induce complete combustion 2without smoke, by introduction Y' bituminous for anthracite coal or cokerwitheliminationof smoke. v .Y

' 1y-'A S1-.martha Object of theivennonis to VVAprovide j a heater. of the: character indicated `which befjeconomically manufactured; which is sinplev in construction; vwhichmay bei` operated in the usual manner and without 'requiring sp'ecial'or skilled J -attention, and also wherein a thoroughand complete admixthe. gases or products of combustion arising from the fue-l bed in the travel ofthe latterl through theheater.'A

1579i Other objectsof the; inventionwwill'm/Ore y mental airsupply.

is no free oxygen with which to burn it. ln-y ing in the gases'jwhich arise from Vthe'fuel bed.

v y. One object ofmyv invention is to provide a furnace or heater or boiler which will eiii of, supplemental air into the gases arising i clearly y appear from the description." and claims hereinafter following.v

n In the drawingforming a part of thisspec- Y iiication, Figure l is a vertical, longitudinal,

sectional viewl'through-a sectional boiler showing vmy improvements embodied therein,

the parts being .broken away to betteraccom- Y employed for the introduction of In said drawing,'the boiler shownris of the sectional type, the same consisting of afront end `section A, a plurality of intermediate sections'B-B, a rear section C, aspecial in-` termediate section D, yneat tothe rea-rsection C, and another special intermediate section E. As will be understood by those skilledin;V

theart, Vthe number of intermediate sections modate the figure on the' sheet. Figure '2 is Y. a vertical, transverse sectional viewfcorref sponding to the section line 2-2 of Figure 1 and illustrating more particularly theorifice thesupple` Bbetweenthe front section A. and yinterrnewiththe desired capacity of the boiler. 'All of the sections are preferablyof the same Y able basev 10, the sections being provided with alined flue passages to permit of the travel of theV products'of combustion, first forwardly and thence backwardly to the chimney as fwill`r be understood.` The Yfront section A fis pro- V f vided` with suitable flue doors, fuel door and slice bar door; the intermediate sections-B are Vprovided with transversely extending arched watersections 11 ofgT-cross-section,. the intermediate sections B forwardlyof the intermediate 'section E thereby' defining the' legs of the sections obviously defining the side porting. frame 10, of rectangular outline, pro.,-V

walls of the fire chamber orboX. Thesupf` roof or arch of the Vfire vpot o r fire box, the I vides for the v'ash pit 12 anda series of rocker grate bars 13 are employedztoy form the hori-v Q zontalebottom ofthe fire box and through Y Ywhich the main ksupply ofk air for the fuel is',-y admitted as customary. in an updraft heater.Y VAn intermediate partition Mis used inthe *supporting raniasaidpartition 14E eXtend- Y ing transversely *.andlocated at the rear end Y p of the" grate so as to thereby define a'chaml` ber 15 rearwardly thereof, the latter having suitable openings 16-16 at the sides, through which air is admitted from outside of the heater.

the wall 17 and the Vfire brick 18, said vertical Y passageway being indicated at 2O and having its outlet opening or orilicel21 defined by the upper edge of the wall 17 andopposed lbeveled under-face 22 of the overhanging section 19.

Preferably thel upper edge 23ofithe wall 17V is beveled upwardly so that the orifice 21 has a general upward slope to facilitate` the admission of the supplemental air, as hereinafter described. rlhe front and backsurfaces of the passage 2O may be lined with plates 24 anc 25 and the latter suitably .held apart or braced as by the staggers 26-26.

From the preceding description, considered in connection with the drawing, it will be noted that the passage 2O extends entirely across the heater so far as the effective\viclth of the fire chamber is concerned and'that the orifice 21l presents a continuous relatively narrow opening for the full width ofthe fire chamber to thereby insure the admission of the supplemental air in a continuous sheet for the full Width of the fire chamber.

The passage 2O is located centrallyrabove the partition 14 so that the supplemental air,

supplied through said passage 20, may be admitted from the ash pit through the opening 27 or from the chamber 15 through the opening 28. To control the admission of the supplemental air from either the ash pit or the chamber l5, l preferably employ a pivoted flap valve 29, the pivotal axis being along the upper edge of the partition 141-., as clearly shown in Figure 1 of the drawing, said valve being adapted to assume either the full line position shown inthe drawing, under which condition the air is admitted from the chant ber 15` or the dotted line position, in which case the air is admitted from the ash pit 12. Said valve or damper V29 may be .controlled in any suitable manner but preferably .is

Vconnected by suitable chain 30 which runs over pulleys, to the main air supply door 130 to the ash pit-in such manner that, when lthe door 130 is closed, the damper 29` will be in full line position shown and, when the door 130 is open, the damper29 will be in thc dotted line position shown. ln this manner, the'operator cannot carelessly or intentionally shut off the supplemental supply of air except by deliberate tampering with the mechanism. y

The special intermediate section E, is provided with a transversely extending water 'leg orV wall 31, which depends toward the fuel bed, the lower edge 32 thereof being disposed a short distance below the upper edge of the rear wall 17 of the fire box. ySaid water baflie wall 31 is extended across the entire width of thefire` chamber and the lower edge thereof,`in conjunctionwith the horizontal grate, defines a throat or passage through which the gases arising from the fuel must pass'in their` initial travel to the rear end of the heater. p v

As is wellknown to those skilled in the art, as the fuel on the horizontal grate is consumed,live coals from Vwhich all or most of the volatile matter has been distilled,` gradually work or are'worked totherrear end of the lire box and a bed of such live coals will be banked or built'up against the wall 17.

By-'ext'ending the height of the'wall 17 above i the lower edge 32l of the baffle 31, I-minimize the ,possibility o f anysuch live coals enter ing or clogging the orifices 21. In the operation of the heater, it is evident that the gases arising from the fuel bed with the usual percentage of unburned combustibles, will first pass through the throat or passage formed between the grate Vandthe bottom edge of the baffle 31 and will then travel upwardly so as to pass overthe sectionk 19 between it and the water section 11 of thel intermediate section Bjjust rear of the special intermediate section E@ As the gases thus travel, the supplemental supply Vof air is projected thereinto in a continuous sheetforthe full width of the fire chamber and dueto the more or.`

lessswirling action which occurs in the travel of gases, -a complete and thorough mixtureof the supplemental air and gases will be effected, thus insuring complete burning of those unconsumed combustibles inthe gases arising from the fuel bed. It will be noted that the rear wall17 will be heated to a comparatively width of the orifice 21 and the draft of the heater, the supplemental air can beinjected .into the gases at relatively high velocity to insure thev thorough mixture desired for completecombustion. y

.While 1 have herein shownand described my inventionas embodied in a sectional type of boiler of one form, nevertheless,it will be understood by those skilled in the art that my improvements may be i embodied in many other forms of heaters withoutV departing' 'f box with a perforateupdraft grate andmain air supply through the grate;o a baiiie walli-v fromthe spirit of the invention." All'those changes and modicationsare contemplated l door yappended hereto.

that come within the scope ofthe claims` Iclaim: i' i 1. In a'heater,the-combination with a supporting base provided'withran ash'pit` and for admitting air to the ash pit; of la tire s Vbox for a perorate,updrait'gratef'and` main airV supply vthroughthe gratel and from said wall; means for delivering a supplemental air supply for admixture with-said gases at a point rearwardly of said baffle wall; controllable means governing the admission of supi i plemental'air supply `from either said ash pit or Yfrom outside of the heater; and operative connections between said means and said door on the ash'pit for maintaining a predeterdoorand said controllable means.

2. Ina heater, the combination with a hre i mined relation between the positions of said'.

in said fire boxand located near the'rear end thereof and (io-acting with .thegrate to form therewith a Apassage for the gases; a rear end y.Wall beyondsaid baliie wall; means for de- Vflivering a supplemental vair supply for-jad-VY fmixture with'saidgasesat a point rearward ly of saidbaiiie wall; andv'common contraty lable means governing .l the Vadmission of the vsupplemental air supply from eitheiI beneath the .grateor substantiallyrdirectly from outside or" the heater. f

3, In a heater; the combination with va lire chamber definedv by a perforate updraftvgrate,

side walls,7front wall7 back walland roof; ot a` water-containing jballe wall *depending from the roof of the fireV box and'extending transverselyof the fire box, said battle wall beinglocated relatively near, but forwardly .of

(I the back wall,1therlower edge of Said bathe wall and grate forming a passage for the fair supply through the grate; of abaille wally yin said tirerbox, located near theV rearv end either gasesto the rear of the lire box; means for de,- livering av supplemental supply of air from outside of saidheater and or'deliveringair from beneathl said grate atthe back of and into the firey box at a point rearwardly of said baffle wall above the lower end thereof, said means including a common passage for said supplementary air. supply; and controllable means in said passage .for governing the ad'- mission of they supplemental air supply from f Y beneath the grate or substantially. dif Y Y r-ectly from outside of the heater.

4.' In a beaten/'the combmationwith a lire Y Y v beneath said grate or directly from the out- --side of saidheater including a passage adjacent said back wall, `whereby the supple; a mental air supply in its travel through said Y `ile wall and an intake opening extending Yat wall subject to heat from therfuelr bed and passage of the gases thereby; means Jror delivering a supplemental supply of air :tromv f passage traverses substantially the-entire rear surfaceo'f said back wall and is subject to the heat therefrom and is discharged across said passage toward said baille wall; and controllable means for selectively governing the admission oi the supplemental air supply fromy 5. In a'heater, the combination with a sup- A porting base; of a partition .therein-dividing the same intoan ash pit chamber and a sup-y pleinenta'l chamber rearwardly thereof, the latter having openings communicating with' the atmosphere of a fire box having abottom updra'ft grate over the ash pit chamber; ak transversely extending baiiie wall within the A j f. lire box and forming' with the grate a throat -iiory thepassage of gases to the rear of the heater; a back wall rearwardly of the bailie wall; means having an air passagetherein.

either beneath the grate or substantiallydi-v n Y rectly from outside of the heater.

rearwardly of said back wall, said passage having an exit orifice rearwardly of the baf opposite sides of saidv partition; and a con# trol damper arranged to admit the supplemental airsupply to said passage romeither theV ash pit" chamber ory said supplemental chamber.

v6.. In a heaterhaving a fire box provided with a mainzsupply: of air through the-grate',

- the combination with a door controlling saidy main supply'of air.; means for introducing'aV supplemental supply of heated air intorthevfire box, said means including passages communicating with the chamber into which the main air supply is admitted and substantially. directly .to the atmosphere; ,n controllable means governing the admissionof thesupple! mental air lsupply through either of sai'd'pas-v sages; and operative connections between said controllablemeans and said vdoor var-r ranged to effect synchronous and predetermined movement of said controllable means Vanddoor a Y In witness that I claim the foregoing Ihave ,i

August 1923. Y

i VILLIAM RJS'IOCKWELL.

box with aperfora'te updmfbgmte'and main .A Y

thereof andco-acting with the grateto form therewith a-passagefor the gases; a back end #hereunto subscribedmy name this 3rd day of-

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