US1630053A - Vapor lamp - Google Patents

Description

` BuTToLPH VAPOR LAMP original Filed April l2. 1922 z sheets-sheet 1 18 19 22 \\/Z4 1 25 l Z5 1zl Tlv 5 A s 165 'fr May 24, 1927. 1,630,053

L.. J. BUTTOLPH VAPOR LAMP Original Filed April l2. 1922 v2 sheets-sheer 2 INVENTOR 2 la??? [2J IIIIII |5271 .all

HIS A'ITURNEY Patented May 2,4, 1927.

UNITED sTATEs P-ATE NT oFFicE.

- LEROY J. BUr'roLrn, or nAsfr ORANGE, NEW. JERSEY, AssIeNon 'ro Coornn nnwmr ELECTRIC COMPANY, or Honoxnm NEW' Jansen; A- CoaroaA'rIoN or mwY i vVAPOR LAMP.

JERSEY.

l ongmrpppncamn 1aed April 12, 1m, 'semi 1t. 551,768; mviaed and thiiappneaaon mea separater 27,1923. semina. 665,246. Y y

The present invention relates to an electric-light-radiating apparatus useful in the arts generally and particularly in the therapeutic art whereV diseases are treated by means of radiations from a light source giv-ly lng ofi' ultra violet rays and has for. its ob .ject to provide such an apparatus which can be manipulated readily by hand by the operator.

I have discovered, when operating a` quartz lamp having asolid anode and `a liquid cathode thereinfand an arc path of one or twol inches on commercial circuits that it is' impossible to maintain such a small sized lamp in eicient operation on commercial circults'without the use of external heat v radiating devices. "Accordingly, in my new apparatus, I surround thelamp and particularly the electrode portions of the container of such a lamp with cooling devices or chambers operating to maintain the-temperature ofthe radiant current stream between the electrodes at the desired operating temperature forA giving the maximum amount of light, in those cases where illumination is desired and the maximum quantity of ultra violet radiations inthose cases where such radiations are desired.

By availing of the cooperating action of the coolingr jackets for the luminous column, and jackets for the terminals or electrode 'portions of the lamp, I am enabled to make efficient devices of large and small sizes and the invention lends itself particularly to the production of a small Vhand lamp for use as a therapeutic'lamp or a bulls eye lamp, al-

' though it is to' be understood that my invention is not limitedv to small sized outfits.

By the use `of extensions of the coolingV jacket in contact with or in thevneighbol-, hood of the terminals of the lamp the regu-- lation of the volt-ampere characteristic of" material.

the 'device is secured in the most eic'ient ,manner and by virtue of this particular construction, the lead-in devices common to the end portions or` terminals of these tubes are protected from lthe dsintegrating effects 4of radiant energy and from corrosive vapors or gases developed in `that portion'of the outfit adjacent to the luminous tube.

thereto; Figure 4- 1s 'l1ne 4, 4 of Figure 3; section of the mercury vapor arc lamp used 4 line`2--2I and looking `dium, such as water, being lshown at I have illustrated my invention in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is ,a Yertical section' of. my artificially cooled hand lamp showing the external cooling lnecooling medium app ied to the electrodes and, also extending along the lightradiant portion ofthe lamp aFplan view along the igure- 5 is a vertical in -my-outfit, showing the details of strucv ture thereof andof the electrodes therein, and Figure 6 is a section view taken at the arrows.` j

Referring to the drawings, 1 is a mercury vapor lamp having a solid anode shown at 2 anda negative electrode Iof mercury shown .at 3,1the usual lead in devices for the electrodes being shown at 4 and 5, respectively.

and in close proximity in the direction of the f The lamp, 1, is surrounded by cooling jacket or container, 6, provided with an extension chamber, 1, the inner walls'of which are in contact with the wall ofthe container,

1, in the neighborhood of the anode, 2, or in close proximity thereto, and an extension chamber, 8, the walls of which are in contact with the walls of the lamp, 1, inthe neighborhood voi theelectrode 3, or in close proximity thereto, the chambers 7 and 8 communicating with eachother through an opening lin 'the lens mounting mechanism presently to be described, and inlet and` outlet pipes for a suitable circulating cooling meand 1Q, the last named pipes passin through a handle, 11, of hard rubber or ot er suitable trode '2 and theconductor, 13, being passed loc down through the chambers 6 and`7 and insulated therefrom by bushings, 26, 26, and connected to the lead wire, 5, of the electrode 3. The portion of the lead 13 joined to the lead device 5 may be strong enough mechanically to hold the lamp in place or a spring 14 may be provided for cushioning and supporting the lamp in the jacket. At the top spring clips 15-15 are provided for holding the lamp in place at that point. -The lenses 16 and 17 are held in place in a screw threadluminous portion of the lamp tube, 1, be-

tween the extensions 7 and 8, and a Hat spring, 17, is shown for cushioning the lamp 1.

In Figure 4, an alternative lens mounting is employed in which the lens 16 is held in place by a screw ring 18, compressing the lens 16 against a washer of rubber, 22, and the outer lens 17 is held in place by a screw cap, 23, compressing the'lens 17 against a washer 24 of rubber in contact with an extension 25 of the jacket 6, the usual hole 19 for circulation of the cooling fluid between lenses being present in., this construction also.

If desired, the pipe 10 in Figure 2 may be continued through`the extension 8 to a point where it discharges in the neighborhood of the lenses 16 and 17, as shown in Figure 3, to insure that these devices shall be properly cooled in the operation of the devices.

In the operation of the device, the circulating medium is started and flows from inlet 10 through extension 8 up through the holes 19 in the lens mounting into the eXtension 7 land around the lamp to the outlet pipe 9 and back to the source. cooling fluid in circulation, the lamp 1 is started into operation by tilting the outfit so that the mercury of the electrode 3 bridges the gap between the electrodes 2 and 3 and then breaks the connection thus established whereupon the arc is formed between the electrodes just mentioned. At the instant of starting because of the low temperature in the lamp the voltage drop across it is low and is controlled by the stabilizing resistance in the auxiliaries usual to such lamps and not here shown. VThis initial current is necessarily high and the mercury electrode 3 heats up rapidly raising the With the vapor pressure of the mercury in the lamp and at the same time raising the arc'voltage. This-process continues until such time as the heat energy in the lamp establishes equilibrium with the cooling members about the electrode portions. This equilibrium temperature is determined by the relative areas of the extensions of the jacket 6`and the electrode portions ofthe lamp that are in close proximity. `It is thus obvious that the volt-ampere characteristic is controlled by this control of heat equilibrium at the point of greatest sensitivity since the volt-ampere characteristic of the burner vitself is dependent primarily on the pressure of the mercury vapor in the gas or arc space. It follows from the foregoing then that the operation v of the outfit for any given set of conditions may be controlled and varied by varying the cooling etl'ect of the circulating medium or through varying the electrical regulating devices in the auxiliary mechanism of the lamp, but it is preferred for any given setting of the lamp and its control mechanism to var the volt-ampere characteristic of the lamp y varying the rate of cooling as set forth above. The above is true not only of the small lamps illustrated herein but applies equally well for the larger siz of quartz lamps now on the market.

-' The radiations to be utilized either in therapy or in general illumination pass through the 'lenses 1 6 and 17 with the water between them which serves to cool the lenses and to take out the radiant energy which the cooling medium may absorb,

although it will be understood that theheat rays may also be .utilized for useful purposes in which case the cooling' medium must be selected that is transparent to the said rays. This latter of course is a matter of design and selection well within the ken of those skilled in the art. f

The outtit may be hung on a suitable standard with a swivel connection thereto and manipulated with the assistance of the handle 1 p The lam A1 is provided with lcertain structural eatures which are important in the operationof the lamp generally whether forming part of the cooled outfit or burning independently of such outfit in the usual way. The vcontainer is contracted as shown at 27 in the neighborhood of the level of the liquid constituting the electrode 3,' and serves to localize the cathode spot when the lamp is operating and that part ofthe lead wire 5 which is inside the container is; -brought up near the surface of the liquid electrode 3 and is of spiral form. This construction insures that the lead wire 5 is always in contact with vthe material of the electrode3, and particularly in the starting up of the apparatus when -it is tilted to stream the mercury to the anode 2, 'when the mercury is'partiall emptied out of the pocket at the lower en of the lamp. Said contraction or stricture 27 has a' length which is not greater than the diameter of the envelope atlthe stricture and preferably is ofl a length less than the ydiameterv at the stricture. 'lVith t-he contraction or the arc spot over the surface of the anode 2.

` For effectively holding the arc at this point and for-preventing the Wandering thereof to the surface of the anode 2, said extension or projection 28 is of a length not greater than the width of the anode 2 and preferably ofa length less than said width.

The top, 29, and the bottom, 30. of the jacket 6 are removable, andl when the lamp outfit is assembled, lthe lamp 1 isv inserted through the bottom until the top thereofl comes in contact with the-clips 15-15 whereupon the spring clip, 31, is fastened to the outer end of the lead wire 4 and the part of the lead 13 connected'to the lead' is YjoinedV to the main lead 13 yas shown at 32. The cover 29 is then put on the top' and the bottom part 30 with the spring 14 or the spring 21 is put in place to close o t the-bottom of the jacket 6. .l Y

This application is a division of. my application Serial Number 551,768', tiled April 12th, 1922.

1. A vapor electric arc lamp having an envelo "e, an anode'sealed through the Wall .thereo a cathode'terminal sealed through the wall thereof, mercury in vsaid tube at and about said cathode terminalv and a' stricture in and about the envelope wall at the level of said mercury extending for a length not greater than the diameter'y of the envelope at said stricture.

.2. In a vapor electric lamp having an envelope, an anode terminal sealed through the wall ofsaid envelope, a cathode sealed through said Wall, and mercury in said en-l velope, a stricture in said wall at thelevel of the mercury therein extending .for` a lengthnot greater than the diameter of the envelope at said stricture and a cathode extension on said cathode terminal in the proximity of said stricture. l

3. In a vapor arc lamp having a. longitudinal envelope, an anode terminal sealed through one end thereof, a cathode terminall sealed through the -other end thereof, and

mercury therein, a stricture around said wall at the surface level of said mercury extend- "ing for a length not greater than the diameter of the envelope at said stricture, and a lcathode extension on said cathode terminal extending 1n the` proximity of said stricture and along its general contour.

4. In a vapor arc lamp havlng a longitudinal envelope, a cathode terminal sealed therethrough, an anode terminal sealedtherethrough, and mercury therein, astricture transversely around said envelope Wall at the level ofsaid mercury extending for a length not greater than the diameter of the envelope at said stricture, and-'a cathode extension on said cathode terminal in the proximity of said stricture and of the same general contour. f

5. In a vapor are lamp having a longitudi-.

nal envelope, an anode terminal sealed through the Wall thereof, a cathode terminal sealed-through the -Wall thereof, and mercury therein, a` stricture transversely around the envelope wall at the surface level of said lmercury extendingdfor a length not greater terminal in proximity to and below said stricture.

6. In a .vapor arc lamp having an envelope, an anode terminal sealed through the wall thereof, a cathode terminalsealed through 'the wall thereof, and. mercury-therein, a

stricture' transversely around said envelope Wall at the level of said mercury extending for a length not greater than the diameter of l the envelope at said stricturefa' transverse extension on said anode terminal anda longitudinal extension, on said anode terminating between sai'd transverse extension and said cathode, and a transverse extension on sald cathode 1n proximity to' and below said stricture.. i

7..I n a vapor .arc lamp havlng a longitudinal envelope, an anode terminal sealed through the wall thereof, a cathode terminal sealed through the Wall thereoLand mercury therein,v a stricture transversely around said 'envelope Wall at the level of said'mercury 'extending for a length not greater than the diameter- `of the envelope at said stricture. a transverse extension on said anode terminal and a longitudinal extension on said anode SOY.

terminating between said transverse extension and said cathode` and a transverse extension on said cathode in proximity to and below said stricture.` j

8. In a vapor arc lamp having an envelppe an anode terminal sealed through the/Wall thereof. land a cathode terminal sealed through the wall thereof, a disc shaped tra-nsverse extension on said anode terminal and a longitudinal extension on said anode terminating between s'aid transverse extension and 9. In a vapor are lamp having a zlongitudinal envelope. an .anode terminal sealed 'through the wall thereof, and a cathode terminal sealed through the wall,l thereof, a

disc lshaped transverse extension on said anode termmal and a longitudinal extension on sind anode terminating between said thereof, and a cathode' termina-1 sealed through the vwall thereof, an anode on said terminal in the form of a Hat s iral having one end of the spiral terminating substantially at right angles toy the plane of the spiral and projectinga substantial distance therefrom in the direction of said cathode.

Signed at Hoboken in the county of Hudtransvelse extension and said cathode and ,son and State of New Jersey this 27th day of of a length not greater than the width of said anode.

September, A. D. 1923.

LEROY J. BUTTOLPH.

Images