US1621447A - Automatic mechanically-operated oil burner - Google Patents

Description

M rch 15 .1927. 1,621,447

. a M. A. WILLIAMS AUTOMATIC MEGHANICALLY OPERATED OIL BURNER v Filed May 5. 1925 2 Sheets-Shea} 1 2 Sheetsdheet 2 M. A. WILLIAMS AUTOMATIC MECHANICALLY OPERATED OIL BURNER Filed May 5. 1925 March 9 M V QWMMQO Patented Mar. 15, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT MERRITT A'c'rGUsrUs WILLIAMS, or" NORFOLK, vmernin.

AUTOMATIC MECHANICALLY-OPERATED OIL BURNER. A

Application filed. May 5,

. to properlyburn cheap oil, at the same time will appear in the description and claims this invention provides means for maintaining a proper temperature thereby preventing overheatingof the oil.

'Another object of this invention is to provide an oil burner which may be easily adapted to various types of grates and fire boxes in combustion chambers. Under ordinary conditions this invention may be embodied in three special designs which are named vfor convenience, rectangular, horizontal' and perpendicular types their objects as follows:

. In the drawings,

Fig. 1, represents a sectional, vertical elevation view of the solidburner nozzle showing the, air, oil and spray ducts in section. This view. is of the vertical type.

Fig; 2, designates a plan View in section of the burner nozzle taken on line 2-2 of Fig 1. I

Fig. 3, isa sectional plan View taken at line 3-3 of Fig.1. 7 n

Fig. 4, illustrates a section plan view taken at line 4- of Fig. 1.

Fig.5, represents a sectional end View of a burner nozzle taken at line 5-5 of Fig; 6.

This view represents a modification in form ofFigzL'. Fig. 6, represents a side view of a burner slightly modified in form over Fig. 1. igs; 7, 8, 9 and 10. illustrate views of a burner nozzle of a slightly modifiediform over'Fig. 1. g These burners may be called the rectangular type, having air ducts 2 and oil ducts 3 so arranged that, leading from the .air duct 2 is an air spray tube 5 extendingto the-oil spray opening 6;

Numeral 1 designates the solid metal body of the oil burner nozzle adapted for various types of combustion chambers hav- 1925. Serial No. 28,145.

ing an .air duct 2, near the top ofthe body, the air duct 2, being abouteight times-the cross, section of the oil duct .3 which is located between the air duct 2, and the base of the burner body 1. Leading from the air duct 2 is an air spray tube shaving anextension '5 ieading to the oil spray opening .6. 'Numeral 7 represents a ductin -the body 1 adapted as an over-flow ior'the oil, the over-flow being caught in the recep tacle and support located at convenient points near the burner. As an auxiliary means for keeping a constant temperature on the burner, body 1, the gas pilot 8 is adapted for use, either by extending the gas line through an opening-9 in the burner body 1, and suitably fastening the line therein to avoid leakage of oil as at 10 or v V 11, orby any other means adapted to make use of a gas pilot for the purpose herein after described.

duct 2, and the oil duct 3, with the oil spray opening at 6.

The burner body is designed with, the

necessary openings for receiving tap screws as at 1:2, 13 and 14, and various lugs such Wherever needed. 1

The form of .oil burner nozzle disclosed 1n Figs. 5 and 6 may be termed-the horizontal type, having an air In operation this invention provides an automatic mechanical oil burner highly efficient and inexpensive. The burner'nozzl'e being made of solid meta-his practically findestructible and the design and construction permits of a perfect operation. Thenozzle may be easily designed in shape'to conform with any angleof iire box or design of boiler,

each nozzle having its special drip-pan'for'v overflow in case of emergency.

The con-,

struction' of the burner adapts "it for any suitable fire box, grate, or substitution for a grate, no part of the boiler being sealed up or fastened in any way and from theract that the nozzle is ordinarily easy oi access,

it can be regulated and adjusted for perfect mixture of oil and air, thereby assuring a complete combustion free from smoke and carbon and general loss of heat to chimney. With this burner nozzle a tank heater and heatingboiler may be operated by one equipment. I I

The three types of burners described" in this application have the same principles of operation and each is made from a single 'solid'metal casting 1n slze, shape and design for different combustion chambers. From numerous tests it has been found that this burner located on the grate of the combustion chamber is protected by the air circulation of the ash pit and also protected by certain provisions in this invention making the burner unit practically indestructible.

, Obviously, using oil for fuel, there is no heat generated in the ash pit. Theprotection of the operation exposed in the combustion chamber comprises in part an air duct 2,

located near'thetop of the metal body por- 'tion of the burner.

These'air ducts are devsigned ordinarily having approximate cross I sectional areas as follows:

- under ordinary conditions of v a minimum volume of 2 cubic F or the rectangular type '7, cubic inches; horizontal type ll-cubic inches and perpendicular type20 cubic inches. It is estimated operation that minute will be circulated through these air ducts. Centered between the air duct and the base of the burner is placed an oil duct proportioned approximately to of the air duct. It is determined from tests that the air and oil give, under suitableconditions, perfect combustion when mixed. Also, it has been found from experiments, that oil if heated beyond a certain temperature, will under pressure passing produce a scum which forms a crust or solid detrimental to elficientoperation. This invention therefore, provides an air .duct as a cooling member adapted to prevent the overfor maintaining a the burner a gas clearly disclosed in 'the Figure l at 11. The heat from the gas pilot serves the purpose tureat point of discharge ready for proper combustion. V 7

The oil in this system is supplied through a tubethe minimum size of which is of an inch in diameter eliminating the liability of stoppage and allowing the use of oils of low gravity. It is of course, recognized that when air and oil are heated they should be as near the combustion chamber as possible. In this invention,

ture are both directly inside the combustion chamber. There are a number of advantages gained bv the use of this invention, some of neenaev ,ing any possibilityof oil duct, the manner in which the combustion feet of air per I V the water" in the of keeping the mix- 7 the'burner and mix- 7 a steady level at them may be named as follows: oil may be burned, the large oil duct' of an inch making it impossible for any foreign matter or substance to'lodge or choke the duct. The outflow from cated below the air duct, thereby preventreaching the air mixture is made, controlled, directed and fired, furnishes the most economical method for operating oil burners at present known.

The ease of directing the location and distance of travel of the flame permits of omitting all refractory substances such as fire brick, etc., thereby permitting the confining of the fire to any part of the combustion chamber or upper fiues. It is recognized that each unit of heat expended in the ash pit is heat wasted, this invention permits the location of the burner on the grate, thereby making'it possible to apply operating the control valves which are lo cated outside of heater, and not shown in the drawings of this application, the fire travel can be regulated to any point desired. The scope of control being measured by the inch which secures the minimum loss of heat to the chimney. From experiment it has been found that by making use of the advantage derived from control of the burner disclosed in this application, the flame may be directed to the upper flues of heater thereby giving instant circulation to portions or rooms desired to be heated, this results in a an instantaneous system which may be called heater. With the fire centered in the heater to the point or points of supply outlet, the capacity of the heater is increased thereby 33 72). When the temperature of upper third, of the water heater has reached approximately 140 dethe oil duct is 10- the heat to the most desirable portion of any heater. By

grees, and circulated through to each unit I of the system, the water in the bottom third part has only slightly changed temperature.

From the retort feature, a mixture of heated air and oil, and the perfect atomizing feature the combustion is ideal, in that there is no smoke, soot, carbon or odor, Furthermore, when therautomatic control cuts off, the burner will cut out immediately, thereby leaving no residue mixture to slowly burn and carbonize. A further advantage of this invention obviously lies in the fact that the duct'described as an air duct 7 operation, in that it operates with either steam or air.

It may also be stated that the air when passing from the air spray tube of this invention, creates a vacuum in the oil duct,

in doing so,the oil feedsto and maintains point of atomization. What I claim isi I An oil burner nozzle comprising a one 120, has a dual piece metal element, an air duct near the top air duct to the oil spray opening, meansfor of the element, an oil duct located between maintaining a proper temperature on the the air duct and the base of the element, the burner consisting of a heating element suit- 10 air duct being of larger cross-section than ably located in the nozzle.

'5 theoil duct, an oil spray opening suitably In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

located in the element, an opencommunication of small cross-section leading from the I T ST S WILLIAMS.

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