US1616774A - Pumping mechanism and system - Google Patents

Description

Feb 8 7 J, A. WARREN PUMPING MECHANISM AND SYSTEM Filed Sept. 20. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet l vini AfA/WAN vllw um n |l/// -llllll -llllllll .O O O O O .O O O O O O O I O C O O lVlliQlQlolol d A. Maf/'627.

Feb. 8, 1927.

vJ. A.' WARREN PUM'PING- MECHANISM AND SYSTEM Filed Sept. 20, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 P. n w

Patented Fei. s, 1927.

unirse` 'ifs i' if.' JAMESVAQWARREN, or DENVER, COLORADO.

Poitrine MECHANISM yAND s Ysrrniii.

Application led September 20, 179,24. Serial No. -738.861.

"lhis invention embodies 'impio'veiiiciits in pumping iiicclia-iiisiii and systems.

The invention has been devisedprimarily forl usein the pumping of oil wells, but it will be evident that the particular improvements maylikewise be employed with other 'deep wells ori-shafts containing iiuids or liquids, or for that iiiattei'fin association with fluid or `liquid bodies or -i'oliunes generally,

where they working' barrel of; ythe pump is to 'be substantially imii'iersed \or -suhnierged therein. `For the purposesot sin'iplicity of illustration and description, however, the improvements may be more conveniently disclosed' with reference to oil wells or analo-` Ions liquidcontainingr shafts, butin deinei so it is to be distinctly understood and emphasized. at the outset, that the essential characteristics of ,the in'ii'irovements might Well be employed in various other pumping rela- Y tions.

In attaining the usual desired ends of simplicity, durability. e'lliciency and economy generally, it has heretofore heen proposed to employ a specially devised type of pump and operating pressure fluidline system therefor, whereby pumping "pulsations `are caused to be semi-automaticallyeffected. asit were, under an operatingY pressure fluidsupply that is Wholly auxiliary to or distiiiiztively independent of the body of the liquid to be pumped, which operating pressure fluid is valternately delivcredto the opposite pressure faces vof a piston thatforms a part of a hollow liquid displacing' plunger element, having valvular means to control the passage therethrough of the liquid to be pumped. In this arrangement, lion'evcii'i when viewed hroadly from one aspect or more specifically .from another, it is necessary to ruii a double pipeline from the pump to the operating i pressure Huid supply source which may be a r cylinder that is in communication at'its 0pposite ends with -a complementary pipe, respectively, of said double pipe line, the cylinder containing a piston that is actuated to alternately force the pressure fluid in opposite directions.

Such an arrangement has been disclosed in an earlier application of mine; tiled Dec. 2G,

- 1923, under-Serial No. 682,721, and is also generaliv disclosed herein.y invmaiiy respects,

but. as filtered by the eliiiiiiiationof one of the pipelines and supplying, as an auxiliary or additional unit, an outlet valve controlled estationary casing that surmounts or encompasses the discharge end of the piston-plunger element in housing relation, whereby it is made possible to dispense with the said one of said pipe li nes, to be substituted for by the actual bodyof the liquid-'being pumped.

vIn my application aforesaid, as originally tiled, there was also disclosed a modified construction, rit is true, for dispensing with one of the pipe lines, although the illustration and description of vsuch modified construction has no'iv been deleted therefrom. In

more, the body of theliquid being pumped does not function at anytime as a partV of the operatingl pressureline. f

" One of the primary objects ofy my present improvements, therefore, has-been to devise means that not only provide for the elimination of one of the aforesaid pipe lines; uti-` lizing the body of the'h'qu'id beine' pumped in substitution therefor, and thus doi n g away with such additional equipment. but which also provides for the aforesaid alternately reversed How of the operating pressure, relatively' to the inlet and outlet ports of the pump,'and thus avoiding the use of inlet and exhaust control valves for the piston-plunger cylinder, which `would be required Without such alternately reversed flow in such a con` struction. f

The foregoingas well as other objects and.

advantages ofthe invention, however, will be so clearly apparent it is believed, as incidental to the following disclosure, that no useful purpose ivonldbe served by further enlarging,r upon the same initially, and having' thusI generally outlined the'nature of the "improvements, reference will'novv beimmediately had to the accompanying drawings, illustrating certain practical embodiments of the same in which drawings- Figure l is a longitudinal sectional View throu'gli the Working barrel and associated elements of one form of the pump, -witli'the piston-plunger element centrally positioned and moving downwardl Figure 2 is an analogous view on a sma ler scale and additionally showing the attachment of a standard oil well working valve, which may or may not be employed withmy improvements as desired; Figure 3 is a diag r,rammatically` arranged view, partly in plan and partly in section, of that portion of one arrangement of the pumping system located exterior-ly of the well; Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view longitudinally of the top portion of the well tubing as associated with the arrangement of Figure 3; and Figure 5 is a View analogous to Figure 4, but of a modiiied nature to eliminate some of the features of Fi re 3.

Re erring first to Figure 1, although excepting as noted the same description also generally applies to Figure 2, the numeral 10 designates the pump barrel which has an inlet chamber 11, for the iniiow of the liquid to be pumped, and the inlet opening 12 thereto may be and perhaps preferably should be controlled by a lower checker foot valve element, functioning as a suctional and pressure actuated inlet valve that is operated to its open position by a combined suctional force, on its inner face, and pressure force, on its outer face, and to its closed position by gravitation combined with a pressure force on its inner face. This foot valve, although it may not always be necessary to employ an inlet valve control at all, is specifically shown as of standard construction, em odying an axially bored baseclosure valve seat 13 for the pumpbarrel 10, a ball valve 14 therefor, and a spider-like crown or top ca e 15.

The lower en of the pump barrel 10 is preferably associated with the usual strainer 16, which is shown attached to a centrally -apertured couplinglr member 17 that has a cylindrical extension 18, for threaded connection with the strainer, and also a reversely disposed cylindrical extension 19 that may be externally threaded, for connection with a tubular element indicated at 20 as the well tubing, and which preferably is formed with an internal conical seat for a conically formed end of the pump barrel.

The pump barrel 10 is transversely partitioned, as at 21, to provide for a distinctively separate chamber 22, at the end of the pump barrel distant from ythe foot valve, which said chamber 22 is wholly out of communication withA the inlet chamber 11, being in fact a working cylinder for a piston 23 that is carried by and more or less centrally of a hollow or tubular-like plunger liquid-displacing element, the said working or pump piston cylinder 22 being in communication only with an operating pressure iuid line` embodying in part the body of the liquid to be pumped, for the positive actuation of alent, and will be hereinafter more par-x ticularly referred to as being an-essential factor in the pump construction by the present improvements. It is understood that the well tubing, as distinguished from the well casing, and which tubing may be withdrawn from time to time for any .purposes as desired, is lowered within and extends entirely through the well casing roper, and in most of the instances of very eep Wells, where the well bore is through rock, shale or other hard formations, the tubing extends avery great distance below the lower end of the casing, but in any such instances where the well casing itself should extend approximately to the bottom of the well, then the independently encased space before referred to would, of course, be located within the well casing. In'this latter event, the conical seating of the pump barrel might be substituted for by threaded connection with the strainer element 16', or the coupling element 17 therefor, without any connection whatsoever with the welll casing. ,l

At all events, the hollow plunger element is reciprocatingly disposedv through axial bearing apertures of the partitioning wall 21 and the head 26 of the pump barrel, and in the construction shown at Figure 1 the end 25, although it could be the end 24, is provided with a suitable check valve control, indicated by the ball valve 27 and spider-like crown or cage 28 therefor, which particular feature is not essential to and is omitted from the construction shown at Figure 2, as will hereinafter appear.

The wall\of the cylinder 22 is provided with a port 29 that is in conmiunication with one end of the cylinder, on one side of the piston 23, and with a port 30 that is in communication with the other end of,l thecylinder, on the opposite side of the piston, the ports 29 and 30 being in respective communication with operating pressure fluid line pipes 31 and 32, which may be threaded into apertures 33-34 through the head 26 of the pump barrel 10, and with'the wall itself of the pump piston cylinder formed, if desired, with an elongated portway 35 extending from the aperture 33 to the port 29.

- It may not be amiss to emphasize at this point, however, although the feature will Uli Lew/74 be hereinafterA more fully referred to,y that the pipe 32 of itself, uulike'the .pipe 31, does not extend to the source of the operating pressure fluid supply, but may-terminate at any desired position, being Aopenended ofcourse, and infact 1t might' appear 'that it could be dispensed with entirely, as

it is merc-.ly a continuation of the port 30. On the othei hand, by employing this upstandiiig pipe 32, it would doubtless assist yin preventing any foreign matter, settling around the pump barrel, from entering the cylinder 22 through tlie .port 30.

v The immediately foregoing feature of einploying substantially onlya single pipe line extending from the surface to the pump `at the bottom of the well, while still yproviding for an alternately reversed-flow of ciated with the pump itself, located towards.

thebottoin of the well, and' as associated with the source of operating pressure supply` located exteriorly of the well.A

As to the pump addition` although a very important' factoriof the present improverments, this simply comprises whatpluterni a head or oertopping valve arrangement,

for the. piston 'actuated plunger element, ,embodying 'an elongated casing 42 that'` is 'suitably` attached tixedly to v.and is closed at its lowerend by the head`26 ofthe pump barrel 10.*whieh casing provides for the independently encased space, hereinbefore referred to` or achamber 43 in which theup-V,

per (end '25 of the plunger reciprocat'es iiil housed relation. and the upper open end `ot' the elongated casing '42 is provided with a :valve seat for a ball check valve '44 that is sui-mounted by a spiderlike crown or cage 45. or their equivalents. V'The other addition. as associated with the source of operating pressure supply` will be later'described with moreparticular reference to Figures 3, 4 and 5. f

Thev showingat Figure 2 is substantially identical with' thatdesci'ibed with reference to Figure 1, excepting forthe fact that the ends -of the hollow plunger Yare-.of slightly different structure.v and the inlet chamber 11 is made much longer toprovide for the attachment of the additional yelement 3G.

' This vattachmentt is a standard -oil well 'working valve, as willbe fiillyuderstood without going 'into details. but which may be briefly 'described as embodying the plural cup section 37 having an elongated spiderlike crown or vcage-element 38,'.housing a.

yball check valve 39and terminating in a `hollow open-ended nipple 40, .for threaded fattachinent tothefend 24 of' the tubular plunger. Whenfthis valve attachment 36 is employed with d my improvements,and it maybe sofemployed or not vas'desired, the

end part 24 of the tubular plunger may preferably be provided with a plurality et apertures 41 to permit of the passage therethrough,- into the hollow lun-ger, of the liquid being pumped, additionally of its.

passage thereinto through the hollow. nipple 40. Where this attachment 36 employed,

there is apparently" no. necessity/of the vplunger check valve27 and its `cage 28, the functioning thereof being fully supplied;

for by the check valveelements v38---39 of the attachment, so that: the elements'27-28 vhave been omitted from Figure 2. These elements 27-28 could be employed, however,

.as in Figure l, but in that event-the inlet chamber 11 of Figure 1 would have to-be substantially lengthened, and other minor changes made to provide an arrangement ments27--28 included.

The, operating. pressure -line pipe 3l that opens to the loweren'd of the lcylinderf22 through the port 29 (for causing the elevation of the piston-plungeron 'its pumping stroke) is. .in uninterrupted or directhc'ommunication with one end of a pressure establishing supply. or-cr'e'ating-source.y As thenonpurnping stroke, however, does not require the application of as greatanamount of pressure as is required to )elevate said piston-plunger in' forcing a -column ofliquid upwardly, the other portion of said operatxing. pressure line vwhich opens to the upper end of the .cylinder 22 through the port 30 (for assisting a certain later referred to 4suctional force and gravitation in actuating the piston-plunger downwardly) may preferably be in separated or-interrupt'ed and indirect conimunication with the other end substantially as in 'Figure2,with the`eleof said operating pressure source, as is disclosed in Figures 3 andl 4, the column of oil upstanding inthe well tubing forming a. liquid portion of said latter pressure line immediately. above the open-ended pipe 32, or the port 30 if the pipe 32 be not actually employed, audthere bein-g a pipe connection leading from said pressure source to the upper end .of the capped well tubing, or, Which vwould. be the equivalent, to the upper end of ,a capped well casing, if the casing bev-extended above the upper end of the f tubing.

In the foregoing, however. I lliaveadvisedly en'iployed-the expression may preferably lie". for in, actual `practice itA may -be vsatis- 'lactoi'ily demonstrated that the' weight of the column of liquid over the port '30, either with or without externally supplied pressure thereon from a .source other than the aforesaid pressurel establshin supply, will of it- :ell be found to be su cient to cause the proper downward actuation or non-pumplng rclurn stroke of the piston-plunger, wlthout any additional pre-:sure as actually supplled from said operating pressure source, because there is added to the columnar weight of the liquid not only the normal tendency-of the pistou-plunger to descend, by gravity, but also a suctional torce. as aforen'ientioned, established or impressed upon the underneath tace ot' the piston. on itsdownstroke, as will later more. fully appear. 'It may not therefore be absolutely necessary, even through preferable as at present advised, to have the upper end of the well tublng 1n actual communication at all with said operating pressure establishing source, it possibly being amply suflicientto simply employ the smgle pipe line 31 directly communicatmg between said operating pressure supply and the port' 29, as is illustrated by the showing at Figure 5. 4 t I yHowever, first descrlbmg the arrangement illustrated at Figures 3 and 4, although any suitable' equivalent means might be employed, the aforementioned connections are' disclosed as embodying the coupling pipes 51 and 52 leadin respectively from the pipe 31 and the capplng'head, 53, for the upper end of well tubing 20, and respectively opening to the opposite ends of an operating pressure creating or pumpingcylinder 46, having a piston 47 therein t at is reciprocated by a connecting or power rod 48, actuated by any suitable power, whereby the operating pressure which would be liquid, at least on the upper face of the piston 23, is caused to flow alternately in reverse directions through the respective lines embodying the ports 29 andv of the cylinder 22, and the ports 49 and 50 of the pressure pumping cylinder 46.

The head 53 is shown as capping the well tubing, as the most practical arrangement, but it will be obvious that if the well casing, not shown, should extend up beyond its con- Lained tubing, then the casing would be apped by the head 53.

At any event the capping head 53, having a bushing gland 54 for the passage of the pipe 3l, is provided with a liquid outlet 55 that communicates with a liquid flow control valve chest 56 by means of the Iconduit 5 7, the inlet port 58 and a by-pass 5'9 extending from said inlet port to onev end of the valve chest, the other end of said valve chest or cylinder 56 being provided with aliquid outlet 60 in c ommunication with the flow or discharge line 61 for the liquid being pumped. 62 designates a piston control valve, in the chest or cylinderl56, attached to an actuating valve rod 63, passing through a stuffing box orbushing gland 64 1n a head of the chest, the said valve rod being provided, exteriorly of the chest, with a pau' of spaced adjustably mounted limiting or engaging lugs or stops 65 and 66, between which there is operated an engaging actuating member 67, shown as a disk although it could be otherwise, that is adj ustably carried on the power rod 48, towhich the pressure pumping piston 47 is also attached.

Before describing the operation of the system as a whole, with reference to either the main or modifiedl arrangements, I will first briefiy describe'the modification of Figure f 5, which latter simplified structureimly perhaps be very satlsfactorlly en'iployed 1n some instance, although possibly not with asv sure cylinder and the well tubing 20, the pipe` 57 functioning solely as the liquid flow line con duit, without the interposition of the valve chest 56 with its associated, parts, and the connecting pipe 52 with the port 50 being omitted, althougha relief port equivalent to the port 50 might be c mployed at that end of the 'pressure pumping cylinder, broken away in the illustration. In Figure 5, the pressure pumping cylinder 46 is shown in axial alignment with the well tubing 20, the .port 49a being located in the head of the cylinder, but functioning the same as the port'49 of Figure 3, although in this connection it is obvious that the same disposition of the cylinder could be arranged for as in-Figure 3. It will also be obvious that a pressure tank or stand pipe might be disposed in the flow line conduit 57, for reasons hereinafter appearim1f and if desired. i

'n operation, and referring first to Figures 1, 3 and 4', it being assumed that, as shown, the pressure pumping piston 47 is disposed in centralized position, moving to the left by its actuating power rod 48, with the rport 50 and the connecting lll) the valve piston 62 closing the port 58, and

with the plunger piston 23 in centralizedy position and moving downwardly under pressure as later referred. to,` it will then follow that the foot valve 14 is closed, the chamber 11 being filled with theA liquid to be pumped, and that the check valve 27 is' elevated from its seat by the pressure of the displaced .liquid forced up through the hollow plunger 24 25, from thel chamber 11l into the chamber -43 encasing thelupper end of said hollow plunger.

This non-pumping or return stroke of the piston-plunger is mainly or at least more positively effected by virtue of pressure,

Ain its cylinder 46.

neu-3,742.4.

' 20, the flow line '57 being closed by the valve piston4 62 covering the `port 58,"whereby `a portion .of-the body of the liquid upstanding 1n the` well tubing .is forced through the port 30 against, the upper face ofthe 'substantially. balanced piston 23. f

This positive pressure,` however, whichobviously may be much lower than .that ,required to actuate said piston-plungeron its pumping stroke, .is `more or less augmented by the actual columnar weight of the, body portion of the liquid disposed over the port 30, being also aided by the force of gravity .on the plunger piston when the pressure on the lower face ther of is relieved bythe partial suctional cgt/ established throughthe 9- 35-31-51-49, as the pressure line piston 47 moves to the left pressure pumping During theaforesaid non-pumping stroke,

v the oertopping or surmounting check valve 44, for the chamber 43 of the fixed casing 42, is held down on its-seat by the weight of the body of liquid, in the well tubing thereabove, as augmented by the head pressure,

aforesaid, so that the liquid in the chamber l1 is free Vto flow up through the hollow plunger, into the chamber43, as the next pumping charge. there being-*no head pressure impressed thereon.`

As the plunger. piston 23 `closely approaches the end of the non-pumping stroke, the pressure pumping piston 47 will have likewise closely approximated the end of. its left stroke, whereupon the member l67, carried by the power rod 48, will have engaged the abutment lug 65, on the piston valve rod 63` for 'actuating the 'piston valve, 62 towards the left and thus uncover the port 58. During this move mentthebypass 59 allows for the escape of' any cushioning fluid or liquid,` around to the right side of the piston valve. by way of the port 58. `Although per,- haps unnecessaryyany suitable means may be employed for limiting the travel or thrust of the piston valve, 62 in either or both directions; such means being simply shown conventionally by limiting stops or pins 68 carried by the rod 63 on opposite sides of the valve chest head.

At the end of the non-pumping stroke of the plunger piston 23. therefore, with the piston'valve 62 uncovering the port 58, comvmunication is established between the outlet end 61, of the liquid discharge flow line,.and the well 'tubing 20, by way of the line 55-5758`5660, while at the same time the pressure pumping piston 47 starts its stroke to the right. Duringthis right hand stroke of the piston 47, it follows that .pressure iuid is forced from the right end les of the cylinder 46 directly to the botflui d, ,whichmay `be in. thenature of a liquid:

such as oil, although not necessarily so, will positively elevate the piston-plunger `on its pumpingstrokefthe liquid in the cylinder 22 above the piston `23 escaping throughy the' then outlet A port 30 into thebod .of the liqluicl in the well tubing, and,` t e check va ve 27 'closing down .on its seat, the liquid charge inthe chamber 43 will be displaced upwardly into said body of liquid in the well tubing, unseating the surmounting or oertopping check valve 44`during its'passage upwardly, as will be a parent. During this pumping stroke oft e piston-plunger, the check valve "14 is automatically unseated by the pressure of the liquid fromthe well and a suctional force created within the chamber 11, allowing the chamber 11 andthe upy moving hollow. plunger to fill up again. 1 As the plunger piston 23 closely approaches the end of the pumping stroke, the

pressure pumping piston 47 will have likewiseY closely approximated theY end of its right stroke, whereupon the engaging member 67 will have engaged the abutment lug 66 to reversely actuate the piston valve v62 for resetting the same -to close the port 5 8,

when the cyclical operations may be repeated indefinitely, as long as the well produce: and power is imparted lto the `power shaft48.

It maybe stated here thatany suitable i the adjustable abutments and 66.

From Ithe foregoing description, theoperation of the'system, with particular reference Lto, the structure of Figure 2, will likewise be apparent, as the operation is substautiallyythe same as that just described,

especially in view .ofthe disclosure in my prior filed application aforesaid,excepting thatin-y attaching the standard oil' well working valve element 36, as supplementiry to my improvements, theupper or head check valve elements 27-28fmay`beomitted, al.

lthough they .may be vincluded as before stated, because the valve elements 384-39 yt'iuictio'n in substantially the same relation;

butwith' the latter structure charges of larger volumevmaybe pumped with each pumping stroke, the lift being from a position substantially below the piston-plungerv element, whereas iu'Figure 1 the lift isfrom a position at the top of thehollow plunger element. charges [might largely depend, however, upon the cross-sectional areas of the cham- Ofcourse, :the volume 4of the ber 43 and the chamber housing the working valve 36.

tion would be ai With reference to the modified structure of Figure 5, as associated with .the structures of either Figures 1 or 2 it 1s assumed that, owing to the de th of. lie well or for other' reasons, the co umnar welght of the `liquid inthe well tubing, over the port 30, will be Afsutl'icient' to actuate the pistonlunger -on its non-pumping stroke, regardess of any external pressure additionally impressed as a head upon the body of liquid in the well-tubing, especially as such actuad'ed by the force of gravity on the plunger piston when the pressure on the lower face thereof is` relieved b the partial suctional force hereinbefore re erred to. Likewise, it is assumed that the columnar wei ht 4of the liquid body as a whole, within tIie well tubing, will be sufficient to maintain the surmounting or oertopping check valve 44 firmly closed down upon its seat durin the downward or non-pumping stroke of t e piston-plunger. Even if such additional pressure were required, however, in connection with the structure of Figure 5, it could be supplied by a source other than the pressure pumping cylinder 46, as for instance by a receiving tank or stand ipe interposed in the liquid discharge out ow line 57. At any event, the structure of Figure 5 is designed to do away with, in some instances, the connecting pipe 52, between the pressure pumping cylinder 46 and the well tubing,-and also the valve chest 56, with its associated elements 58 to 68, as disclosedl at Figure 3. With this explanation, it is believed that the operation of the system, as embodying the structure of Figure 5, will be clearly apparent when viewed in connection with the description of operations hereinbefore described.

In all cases, there is only one operating pressure fluid pipe line that positively an directly leads from the pressure pumping cylinder 46 to the liquid pump cylinder 22 underneath its piston 23, which pipe line alternately functions as an inlet and exhaust for the lower end of the c linder 22, whereas the upper end oi' the cylinder 22 is in open communication at all times with the well tubing, and alternately functions as an inlet and exhaust for the upper end of the cylinder 22. These are two of the important features of the present improvements, and when supplemented by the oertopping valve 44 as associated with the fixed surmounting casing 42, forming a chamber in which the upper end 25 of the piston operated plunger reciprocates, which features are essential to the present improvements, there is provided a substantially perfected pumping system of the character disclosed. In fact, it is furthermore believed that this xed surmounting` casing 42, with its oertopping closed, excepting as they may come within the terms of the ensuing claims, or equivalent elements or combinations thereof, or as fairly interpreted in the light of the specification if requisite. lVhat I do claim, as new and patentable, is

1. The combination with a pump barrel embodying a piston cylinder that is at all times maintained out of communication with the incoming body of liquid 'to be pumped, of an elongatedplunger providing a longitudinal passageway, with end inlet and outlet means therefor, and mounting a piston between its ends,vthe said piston operating in said cylinder and with the inlet end of said plunger disposed for projection into the incoming body of liquid to be pumped, valve control means associated with said plunger, a stationary casing that encompasses the outlet end of said plunger in housing relation, to provide a liquid charge receiving chamber having outlet means, and valve controlling means for the latter.

2. The combination with a pump barrel embodying a piston cylinder and an inlet chamber, for receiving the iniowing liquid to be pumped, of an open-ended tubular plunger mounting a piston between its ends, one of which ends functions as an inlet end and the other as an outlet end, the said piston operating in said cylinder and with the inlet end of said plunger so disposed for projection into said inlet chamber as to at all times maintain said inlet chamber out of communication with said cylinder, valve control means associated with said plunger, a stationary casing that encompasses the outlet end of said plunger in housing relation, to provide a liquid charge receiving chamber having outlet means, and valve control means for the latter.

3. The combination with a pump barrel embodying a piston cylinder that is at all times maintained ont of communication with the incoming body of liquid to be pumped,

" embed ving-'fa pistonlcylinder and anrelon-` means of said working valve,'means connect- Lamkin' coming indy f'ii'q'uid fg) bgpumpea, a ,check valve 1n controlling l:'issociation with oneot the en'ds ot said plunger, a casing rigidly supported by said' pump v,barrel in stationary ,and closing relationy therewith, which casing gated inlet chamber therebelow, of an opens ended tubular plunger mounting a piston b etween its lends, the said piston operating 1n said cylinder-and with the inlet end of said plunger disposed for projection into said inlet chamber, a working valve operating -in said inlet chamber and embodyinga hollow base section having end inlet and outlet means1 a check valve contrpl for the'outlet ing the outlet end of said working valve to the inlet end of said plunger in open 4communication therewith, a stationary casing that surmounts the outlet end of said plunger in housing relation, to provide a liquid charge receiving chamber having outlet means, and oertopping valve control means for the latter.

5. -In pumping systems, the combinati-on with a pump barrel .adapted to be lowered into a tubing associated with the liquid to be pumped, of a pumping element reciprovcatingly housed within said pump barrel and associated with suitable coacting elements regulating its pumping and non-pumping lsource of operating pressure fluid supply,l

with an upwardly disposed face portion of.

strokes, and means for actuatingy said pumping element embodying a conduit line extending in unobstructed direct communication between a downwardly 4disposed. face portion of saidA pumping element and a said pumping element being in direct communication with said tubing.

6.. In pumping systems,'the combination. with a pump barrel embodying a piston cylinder adapted to be lowered into tubing assoeiated with the liquid to be pumped, of an elongated plunger providing a. longitudinal passageway, with end inlet and outlet means therefor` and mounting a piston between its ends, the said piston operating in said cylinder and with the inlet end ot' said plunger so disposed for projection into the incoming body ot said liquid as to at all times maintain said incoming liquid body out of communication with the lower portion of said cylinder, valve control means associated with said plunger, a stationary casing that siii'- mounts the outlet end of said plunger in housing relation, to provide a liquid charge receiving chamber having outlet means, oertopping valve control means for the latter., and condu1t means extending 1n direct communication between "01.1.9, .endl-of v'said piston cylinder and a source of operating preston cylinderl having al port openingthere-`r through for open communication tubing above said cyllndei-.g`

with said 7. In ,puinpingmechanisin and systems, the

combination `with .a length yof tubing, .fof a pump v.barrel disposed thereiuand einbodyinga piston cylinder with an elongated liquid inlet chamber therebelow, an open-ended tubular plunger mounting-a piston between its ends within said cylinder,"the outletlendy of said plunger operating'through theend head of said cylinder and the inlet end thereof operating in said inlet chamber, a working valve operating in said inlet chamber and embodying a hollow base section that has respective end inlet and outlet means, a check valve control for the outlet means of `said working valve, means connecting the and conduit' means'A in 'communication bej tween one end of said piston cylinder and a source of operating pressure fluid supply,the other end of said piston cylinder having a vport opening therethrough into'open communication with said tubing. 1

8. In pumping mechanism and systems, the combination with a length of tubing, of a pump barrel disposed therein and'embodyinr a pump piston cylinder, an open-ended tuiular plunger mounting a piston between its ends within said cylindern the outlet end of said plunger operating through an end head of said cylinder and the inlet end thereof operating through the other head of said cylinder into association with the li uid to be pumped, a check valve in controlling association with one of the ends of saidplunger, a rigidly supported stationary casing that encompasses the outlet end ot said plunger in housing relation, to provide a liquid charge receiving chamber having outlet means, check valvecontrolling means for the latter, an operating pressure establishing cylinder having a: suitably actuated piston therein, andconduit means in communication between one end of said pressure establishing cylinder and one end of said 4pump piston cylinder,.the other end of said pump 'of said plunger o rating through an end head of said cylin er 'and with its inlet end operating through the other head thereof suit -into association with the li uid to be pumped, suitable coacting chec valve elements regulating the pumping and nonpumping strokes ot said plunger` an operat- 1ng ressure establishing cyhnder having a allnly actuated piston therein, a'pipe leadingl from one end of said pressure establishing cylinder into open communication with sald tubing, a pipe leading from the other end of said pressure establishing cylinder into open communication with one end of said 15 pump piston cylinder, the other end of said pump piston cylinder having a port in open communication with said tubing, a valve chest having an outlet'towards one .end and a relief by-pass leading from its other end to an intermediatel located inlet port', a communicating con uit between said tubing and said inlet port, a piston valve within said chest for controlling its said inlet port, and suitable actuating means inter-- posed between said piston valve andthe pis- 2b ton of said pressure establishing cylinder.

In testimony whereof, I'aflx my signature.

JAMES A. WARREN.

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