US1609001A - Apparatus for converting hydrocarbon oils - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 30 1926. 0 1,609,001

B. B. SCHNEIDER APPARATUS FOR CONVERTING HYDROCARBON OILS Filed June 12, l

ts-Shee'li 1 .DEPHLEGMAT/A/G TOWER PIPE STILL NOV- B. B. SCHNEIDER APPARATUS FOR CONVERTING HYDROCARBON OILS Filed June 12, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 f Patented Nov. 30, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN B. SCHNEIDER, OF WILMETTE, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO STANDABD' OIL (10., OF WRITING, INDIANA, A CORPORATION OF INDIANA.

AIPARATUS FOR CONVERTING HYDROCARBON OILS. v

Application filed June a, 1925. Serial No. 36,597,

The present invention relates to improvements in apparatus for the conversion of high boiling hydrocarbon oils into lower boiling point hydrocarbon oils such as gasoline or the like, and will be fully understood from the following description, illustrfal-teg. bythe accompanying drawings, in w Figure 1 is a side elevation showing dia-- grammatically apparatus for carrying the invention into effect; and

Fig. 2 is a plan View of a diagrammatic layout of apparatus therefor. Referring more particularly to the drawings, in Fig. '1, the numeral 5 indicates a pipe still or heating coil to which oil is supplied under pressure through the line 6. In the pipe still 5 the oil is brought at least to conversion temperatures of 720 F. or high- 2 er and preferably to a temperature of 800 to 850 F. The oil is discharged from the pipe coil '5 before extensive conversion thereof has taken place (e. g., not over 10%) the rate of flow being such as to prevent any substantial coke or carbon de osition within the pipes;

From the pipe coil 5 the heated oil passes through a line 7 into a chamber 8, preferably lagged or alternatively mildly heated to prevent substantial drop in temperature. In this chamber or tank the heated oil is retained. at conversion temperatures of 700 to 850 F. until asubstantial further conversion into light products such as gasoline has taken place. From the chamber 8 vapors pass out through a vapor line 9 into a dephlegmating tower 10 of any suitable type. Unconverted oil is withdrawn, preferably continuously, from chamber 8 through pipe 41.

Reflux formed in tower 10 is discharged from the base of the tower to the line 11 and is forced by a sur e pump 12 or other suit able device throug a line 13 into the line 6 leadin into the pipe still 5., The tempera- 4 ture o the vapors issuin .from the tOWQllO and the provision of re ux therein are controlled by the flow of oil through a closed coil 14 provided within the dephlegmator 10, in a manner more fully hereinafter set forth. From the dephlegmating tower 10, the

the system.

vapors of the desired low boiling products pass out through line 15 to a condenser 16, from which the condensate and cool vapors pass, preferably through a pressure reducing valve 17 into the receiver 18, which is maintained at a superatmospheric pressure lower than that prevailing in the remainder of the system. From the receiver 18 the liquid product may be drawn off through the line 19 and vapors escape through the line 20 intoa pressure gas line 21, which may be connected witha low pressure gas-line 22 by 'a suitable controllable release valve 23, A. 1 pressure of 4 atmospheres or higher, preferably 400 to 500 pounds is maintained upon 1 As will be apparent from Fig. 2, in opera- 9 tion, a plurality of units such asthat shown in Fig. 1 are disposed in a battery. In Fig. 2, the various parts of each unit are designated by the same numerals employed in Fig. 1, those appertaining to successive units being designated in addition by the sub scripts a, b, 0, etc., respectively.

As will be noted from Fig. 2, the coil 14 in the dephlegmating tower 10 of the a unit is supplied with oil through the line 25. The oil, in passing through the coil 14f, exerts the desired cooling eflect upon the vapors and is preheated. The preheated oil passes out through the line 26, which is provided with a connection 27 leading to the line'6 by which oil is forced into the'pipes heater 5 of the b unit. -Similarly, the coil 14 of dephlegmator 10 of the b unit is supplied with oil through the line 28, the preheated oil leaving the coil passing out through the line 29 which is provided with a connection 30 leading totthe line 6 by which oil is supplied to the pipe heater 5 of the 0 unit. It will be noted-that the line 29 is also rovided with a connection 31 by which 011 may be supplied, if desired, from the line 29 to the line 6 leadin to the heater of the a unit. Flow of oi through the lines 30 and 31 is" controlled by valves 30 and 31 respectively. Similarly, oil is sup plied to the coil 14 in the dephlegmator 10 J of the 0 unit through the line 32, and oil, heated in the coil 14 passes therefrom 0 through line 33 which is provided with a unit preceding the a unit (not shown).

Similarly, the charging stock line 6 of the a unit may receive preheated oil from the coil in the dephlegmatorof a preceding unit through theline 37. The lines 26, 29 and 33 are likewise provided with valve controlled connections 38 38 and 38 leading to a manifold line 39 for preheated stock, this manifold line being connected witha lagged or. insulated container 40. Connections 39,

39 and 39 are alsoprovided between line 39 and char ing stock lines 6*, 6 and 6 of the respec ive units.

The operation may be described in con- I nection with the a and 12 units of the battery or installation. In each unit, the

- supply of charging stock and the" control of.

temperatures in the pipe heaters 5 and 5" respectively are independent. The necessary proportion of 011 or charging stock is forced through the line 25 into the coil 14 in the dephlegmator 10 to produce the required cooling and refluxing action and to permit only the vapors of the desired product containing gasoline to leave the dephlegmator 10. The oil from the coil 14, and

I preheated therein, passes through the line 26 and the line 27 to become a part of the charging stock fed into the heater 5 of the 6 unit. The proportion of oil thus fed into the bunit may, if less than the entire quantity of oil passing through the coil 14*,

be controlled by the valve in line 27, the. remainder of: the oil passing through the line 38 into the manifold 39 and tank 40. If desired, the line 27 may be completely cut off and the oil coming from the coil 14 be forced through the line 36 into a preceding unit, or the entire supply of oil may pass through the line 38 into the manifold 39 and the tank 40, to be used as requiredin the various units to which the connections 39, 39 and 39 are provided. Similarly, the supply of oil to the line 28 through the coil 14 in the dephlegmator 10 of the 6 unit is independently controlled, aid the oil from this coil passes through the line 29 either into the line 31 leading to the supply line 6 of the a unit or through the-line of the 0 unit. A connection 38 is also provided between the line 29 and the manifold 39. The operation in this case may be the same as in connection with the preceding unit. A

similar mode of operation is applied in con; nection with the subsequent units of the nstallation.

the unit which supplies vapors tothepartice ular dephleginator involved.

N o claimsare made in this application for the method of converting hydrocarbon oils, herein described, the same being claimed in my co-pending application Serial No. 36,596,

filed June 12, 1925.

' I claim:

1. In apparatus for the conversion of hydrocarbon oils, a plurality of-units each comprising a heating coil, in which Oil is heated to conversion temperature, an en- 'lagged chamber 'maintained at conversion temperature into which oil'from the coil is discharged, means for withdrawing unvaporized oil from the chamber, a dephlegmating tower, means for discharging vapors from the enlarged chamber to the dephlegmating tower, and means for forcing reflux from .the dephlegmating tower to the heating coil of the same unit; a coil in each dephlegmating tower; means for supplying cold oil to each said coil, whereb a cooling and refluxing action is secured in the dephlegmating towers', and means for conducting oil from each said'coilto the heating coil of a unit other than that in the dephlegmating tower of which the coil is located is a part. 1

2. Inv apparatus for the conversion of hydrocarbon oils, a plurality of units, each comprisinga heatingcoil in which oil is heated to conversion temperature, an enlarged chamber maintained at conversion temperature into which oil' from the coil is discharged, means for withdrawing unvaporized oil from the chamber, a dephlegmating tower, means for discharging vapors from the enlarged chamber to the dephlegmating' tower, and means for forcing reflux from the dephlegmating tower to the heating coil of the same unit; a coil in each dephlegmating tower; means for supplying cold oil to each said coil, whereby a cooling and refluxing action is secured in the dephlegmating towers; means for conducting oil from each .dephlegmating tower coil to the heating coil of another unit, a reservoir, and means for \controllably conducting oil from each said comprising-a heating coil in which oil is heated to conversion temperature, an enlarged chamber maintained at conversion tem erature into which oil" from the coil is disc arg ed, means for'withdrawing unvaporized oil from the chamber, a dephlegmating tower, means for discharging vapors iron; the enlarged chamber to the dephleg- H v 1,009,001 V I a mating tower, and means for forcing reflux conducting 'oil' from each dephlegmating from the dephlegmating tower to the heat tower coil-to said reservoir, and means for. ing coil of the same unit; a coil in each controllably conveiin oil from said reser- 10 dephlegmating tower; means for supplying voir directly to t e eating coils of said 5 cold oil to each said coil, whereby a cooling units." V I and refluxing action is secured in the de- .phleglnating towers; a rcserv'cir; means for BENJAMIN B. SCHNEIDER.

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