US1608020A - Valve for internal-combustion engines and means for operating the same - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 23,1926. 1,608,020

L. G. GRACE PERATING THE; SAME VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES AND MEANS FOR 0 Filed Nov. 5. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Nov. 23 1926. 1,608,020

' T L. G. GRACE v VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES AND MEANS FOR OPERATING THE SAME Filed Nov. 5. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov; 23, 1926.

UNITED STATES. OFFICE.

LAWRENCE eoanon omen, or wnrmmo'ron, new ammo.

VALVE ron mrmn-coimusrrou Enemies aim sum;

mus FOR ornrwrmo rm:

Application filed November I, 1885, Serial No. 66,904, "and in New zealand larch 11, 1926.

My invention relates'to valve and valve mechanism for internal combustion engines,

and particularly to'that type of valve in which a reciprocating piston valve is used to control both the inlet to and exhaust from the combustion chamber.

Lubrication of the valve parts proved a diificult problem in slide va lve engines and the object of the present invention is to overcome this and the usual objections of rotary and reciprocating valves.

According to the present invention, the

reciprocating piston valve works in a valve cylinder adjacent to the engine cylinder, communication being. made between the valve cylinder and the engine chamber by an' opening or openings, such valve being adapted partially to rotate during its strokes so that the combined movement will enable the inlet and exhaust openings into the valve cylinder to be alternately opened and closed to the combustion chamber in the engine cylinder, suchopening and closing being arranged to synchronize with the induction and exhaust strokes of. the piston. The valve may be reciprocated and partially rotated by such means as a crank Set to the required angle to give the required rotation,

such crank being connected by a connectin rod universally jointed both to the era and to the piston valve, the crank being rotated by half-time gearing from the main crank shaft.

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein v Figure 1, is across sectional view through a one cylinder engine havin my invention appliedthereto, the piston eing shown at the beginning of the induction stroke.

Figure 2, is a sectional plan on line 2-2, Figure 1.

Figure 3, is piston valve.

Figure 4, is a perspective view of a detail.

Figure 5, is a lan of a crank for operating the piston va ve.

Figure 6, is a diagram similar to Figure 1, showing the engine piston at the 'end of its induction stroke.

Figure a cross section through the 7, is a similar view showing the piston at the end of its compression stroke.

has always Figure 8, is a sectional plan on line 8-8, Fi ure 7.

and 7 showing the piston near the en of its firing stroke.

Figure 10, 10-10, Figure 9.

According to the drawings, the engine cylinder 1 containing the piston 2 has arranged alongside thereof a valve cylinder 3 connected by a port 4 to the c linder 1. A piston valve 5 is contained in tlic valve cylinder 3 and this valve contains an inlet port. 6 extending partially around the piston valve, as shown in Figure 2. This inlet port is adapted to register withthe port 4. Above the inlet port an exhausting port 7 is lo cated. The valve has the usual piston rings 8 thereon, as show The piston valve is reciprocated by a crank 10 connected by a connectin rod 11, such crank being rotated by a half passing over gear wheels13 and 14 so as to rotate in the same direction as the main crank 15. The crank pin of the crank 10 in this instance is shown set at an angle of 45 degrees from the horizontal, the connectin rod 11 being journall'ed from the crank y a universal oint formed of a block formed of two halves 16 (Fig. 4), each con taining two semi-circular recesses 17 which, when the parts are bolted together by bolts passing through the holes 18 form bearings for the pins 19 of the fork 20 (Fig. 3) of the connecting rod 11. The other end of the rod 11 is connected to the valve 5 b a universal joint 21 of ordinary type. he angle of the crank pin 10 will cause the is ton valve to rotate through an angle oFQO degrees, during one half revolution, and to be rotated degrees in the opposite direction during the remainder of the revolution. An inlet port 22 (Fig. 2), to which the induction pipe would be connected, is provided in the cylinder 3, which also contains an exhaust port 23. i

In Figure 1 the beginning of its in uction' stroke, while the iston valve 5' is at a position so that the inlet port 6 is just commencing to open, Figigure 9 is a similar view to Fi res 6 time gearing or sprocket chain- I iston 2 is shown at the t its relation to ports 22 and 23.

ing its return or compression stroke,

In Figure 6 the piston 2 is just commenchaving passed through an angle of 180 degrees, while the crank 10 will have travelled from the position in Figure 1 to the position in Figure 6, i. e. an angle of 90 degrees, and during its movement the inlet port 6 will have remained fully open' and now having reached the positionin Figure 6 will have justclosed the inlet port 4. During the rotation of the crank 10 from the position in Figure 1 to the position in Figure 6, the piston valve will have an angle of 90 degrees, i. e from the position shown in 'full lines in Figure 2, to the position shown in dotted lines in the same figure.

In Figure 7, the piston 2 is shown at the end of its compression stroke or beginning of the firing stroke, while the crank 10 will have moved downwardly as shown, the piston valve 5 making no rotation, or very little, during the downward movement from the position in Figure 6 to the position in Figure 7. The exhausting port 7 has moved down to a position opposite the port 4 but not open to such port, as shown in Figure 8.

In Figure 9, the piston has nearly reached the end of the explosion stroke, and the crank 10 will now have rotated the valve to a position where the exhausting'port 7 is just beginning to open to the port 4. The crank 10 being in a position that the valve 5 has been rotated so that the exhaust port '8' will register with the port 4i and the exhaust port 23, as shown in Figure 10.

From the position, Figure 9, to the end of the exhaust stroke, as shown in Figure 1, the valve will perform little rotary movement so that the exhaust port 23 will remain fully .opened while the valve returns upwards thereby permitting the products of combustion to be fully exhausted.

It will be noticed that the exhaust port is curved in one direction at one side of the valve and in the other direction on the other side of the valve. This is to allow of the slight turning movement which will occur from the position in Figures 9 and 10 to the position in Figure 1, thus ensuring the port 7 register with the ports 4 and 23.

The valve is made hollow (see Figure 3) so that compression will not take place in the space above the valve nor will a vacuum be created therein. In this case a boss 25 is connected to the walls of the valve by webs 26- and into this boss the stem 27 of the fork forming part of the universal joint 21 is threaded and secured by a lock nut 28. The walls of the valve cylinder 3 will be splashed with oil from the crank case and will lubricate the piston valve 5 in the same way as the piston 2 is lubricated and, since the valve is hollow, anyexcessof oil working past the valve will simply return through the valve to been rotated through the crank case, and the valve is thereby constantly lubricated.

An inspection opening 29 (Fig. 12) is formed in the crank case and is closed y a cover 30.

What I claim is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with the engine cylinder, of a valve cylinder adjacent to said engine cylinder, and having in its wall an induction and exhaust opening affording communication between said valve cylinder and the combustion chamber of said engine cylinder, a reciprocating piston valve in said valve cylinder capable of rotation therein, and means for simultaneously imparting to said piston valve both a reciprocating and a rotary movement, thereby causing said induction and exhaust openings to be alternately opened and closed to said combustion chamber.-

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with the engine cylinder, of a valve cylinder, a reciprocating piston valve in said valve cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports adapted to register with a common port leading to the combustion chamber in said engine cylinder, said piston valve being capable of a partial rotary movement, so as to close said exhaust port to said common port during the compression stroke of the engine, and means for so rotating said piston valve as to bring said exhaust port into register with said common port and maintain it open thereto during the exhaust stroke of the engine.

3. In the internal combustion engine as specified in claim 2, an inlet port formed in the wall of said piston valve and extending around said valve so as to remain open to the induction port in the wall of said valve cylinder durin the rotary movement of said valve durin t e induction stroke of the engine, an ex iaust port formed through said valve arranged-so that during the compression stroke the walls of the valve close both the common port and the exhaust port in the wall of the engine, but will open said exhaust port to the common port near the end of the firing stroke, and remain 0 en as the valve rises during the exhaust stro e.

4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with the engine cylinder, of a valve cylinder adjacent to said engine cylinder containing a port leading to the combustion chamber of said engine cylinder and an exhaust port, a piston valve in said valve cylinder, means for reciprocating said valve, and at the same time partially rotating said valve during one of its reciprocating strokes,-

said valve having an annular inlet port extending around the wall of said valve, and an opening traversing said valve forming an exhaust port and of such shape that said exhaust port will register with the port to the combustion chamber during the rotary movement of said valve and during the exhaust stroke of the engine.

5. The combination as specified 'in claim 2, in which the means for reciprocating and partially rotating said piston valve comprises in connection with the engine sham, a rotatable shaft, a gearing between said snufand said engine shaft for rotating said shaft at half the speed of said engine shaft, a, por- 10 tion of said shaft being set at an angle, a connecting rod having universal pivotal contact with said portion, and a universal joint connecting the other end of said connecting rod to said valve piston.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification. 1

LAWRENCE GORDON GRACE.

Images