US1603891A - Canada - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 19, 192$.-

l. E. BARR HOLLOW BUILDING BLOCK WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Jun 17 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet l I a men for Patented Oct. 19, 1926.

* nsrran IRA EUGENE BARR, OF VICTORIA, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA.

HOLLOW-BUILDING-BLOCK WALL CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed June 17,

The invention relates to improvements in hollow building block wall construction, the blocks being made from a suitable plastic material by moulding singly or by the continuous die-and wire cut-off process and afterwards hardened, being preferably a burnt clay product.

The object of my invention is to improve the construction of hollow building blocks into a design most suitable to all forms of horizontal wall construction, and at the same time conform with all building codes as they are applied in the different cities.

A. further object of my invention is to provide improved hollow building blocks that are novel, lightyet strong, simple, and inexpensive, easy to manufacturaship, and handle and easy and Simple for the contractor to figure and lay into a well looked, well aligned, moisture-proof, fire-proof and a load-bearing wall of any required thickness, with or without a brick veneer; thus an improved wall construction system is obtained.

A main block of novel construction, with the use of parts thereof moulded separately and used in connection when required to form walls and structures, thus giving a wall of systematic construction.

The main block thus provided is rectangular in form, having an extended vertical longitudinal wall therefrom, of novel construction itself, which with the block and wall construction has many combined features several as set forth:

1st. The said extended wall being longitudinal and higher than the mortar, the continuous horizontal mortar bed is broken, and having a longitudinal hole therethrough, forming a dead air space directly between the mortar beds thus formed, prevents dampness from passing through the structure.

2nd. Being reasonably thick and solidly moulded on continuous material extending from the inner to the outer surface of the 5 block, dislocation is prevented when laid if lo uzitinlinal hcles.therethrougb 1924. Serial No. 720,588.

through this vertical mortar joint.

5th. The said longitudinal holes therethrolgh with a shght inward curvature on each side of the said wall, form a good thumb and finger hold for handling and reduce the material to a minimum for results obtained.

6th. The said extended wall is scored on each side at its base which does not interfere w'th its strength but allows the wall to be broken off to suit the requirements for joists, topping of a wall or story and for corners, etc., and still leave the block with continuous material to hold it together as before.

7th. In working connection with the said extended wall a corresponding opening is formed for receiving the said wall by raising the lower planeof an intermediate memabove the lower planes of the outer mem bers to a greater height than that 'of said well, thus leaving when laid into a wall a dead air space above and on the sides of the said wall, over the inner edgesof the horizontal mortar beds and over the non-continuous vertical mortar joints at the ends of the said extended wall, thus forming an additional protection against the passage of dampness through the structure.

The combined features as set forth are interdependent one to another to obtain the required. results in actual practice, similarly the block to wall construction in like manner.

Having other objects and advantages in view, I form my blocks and walls as shown in the accompanying drawings whichform a part of this application, it being understood that minor changes can be resorted to without departing from the spirit of this invention.

Fig. 1 is an isometric view of the main block as it is used in a wall and is made preferably the height of two brick inclusive of the mortar joint in between them. The blocks can be made to any reasonable height by adding horizontal webs and any reasonable width by adding vertical webs to keep them within the limits of the building codes.

Fig. 2 is an isometric View of an outer por ton of the main block as shown in Fig. 1 as with the main. black when required far obtaining'a wall of more than one block thickness".

Fig. 3 is an isometric view of the portion of the main block as shown in Fig. 1- used with the main block when required for bonding walls together, bonding in a brick veneer, and is used for bonding in at openings and other purposes as occasion de mands.

Fig. 4 is an isometric view of a wall of one block in thickness. Half length blocks are used to even up vertical openings, thus allowing all blocks to break vertical mortar joints as the wall goes up, with all vertical walls and webs in alignment. is anisometric view of a corner showing a portion of the extended wall of the mainblock broken ofii to allow the incoming course above to lap crosswise to and inclnnding the portion thus broken oil and the next incoming course above alternating positions. A common vertical block the height of the main block is used in connection'with bonding the corners.

Fig. (3, shows plans of alternate courses of corner blocks as shown in F 5 for clearness.

Fig. 7. is a vertical end view of a wall with a brick veneer showing. the bonding block used in connection with headers.

Fig 8 is a vertical end view of a. wall with brick veneer showing the small block as shown in Fig. 2 used in connection with the main block as shown in Fig. 1 as required for headers. Double and single headers can be had at any point.

Fig. 9 is a "ertical end view showing the method of varying the thickness of a wall as required. The small block as shown in Fig. 2 is used in connection with the main block as shown in Fig. 1. The small block being laid parallel to the main block at a distance equal to the width of the longitudinal opening in the base of the main block; the courses abet-e alternating positions or changing combinations as required with the extended wall in direct alignment, vertically, with the spaces between the blocks.

Fig. 10 is a vertical end view of a all showing the bonding block as shown in Fig. Zlused to bond walls together. to bond. with itself to reduce the wall in thickness and how it may be used in a wall of one, block thickness.

In several. figures I have indicated the main block as shown in Fig. l-by A. the outer portion of the main block as shown in 2 by B, and the portion of the main block as shown in Fig. by C. The half length portion of the main block as shown in Fig. 4 by D. the vert cal corner tie block as shown in Fig. 5 by. F, the portionot the main block with the extended wall broken oil a distance for bondingcorncrs by G, and alsotwo of the main blocks which are different from the drawings but the same in principle, those in Fig. 4 being indicated by E and those in Fig. 10 by H. Similar characters and. numerals of reference denote corresponding parts throughout the several views.

Fig. 1 is an isometric View of the main block as used in a wall and consists of hollow rectangular members 4 and 5 of equal length "and in horizontal alignment on their upper planes 7. The outer members at are of equal height. while the intermediate number 5 is of less height-by having its lower plane 3 raised above the alignment of the lower planes 10 of the outer mem= hers 4, thus forming a longitudinal openmg 2 below the intermediate member 5..

for receiving a vertical wall 1 extending upwardly from the plane 7 of the inter-1 mediate member 5. The longitudinal opening 2 is of a. greater height and width than the extended wall when laid into a wall, a dead air space above and on the sides of the said wall 1, preventing dampness from passing through the structure. The said extended wall being directly over an intermediate member 5, thus breaking the continuous horizontal mortar bed at -a point where mortar is not required to carry weight, thus a saving in mortar equalling more than the cost of the material in the said wall 1.

With the dead air spaceabove and on the side of the said wall 1 and the longitudinal. hole 6 extending therethrough, being a dead air space and directly between the two horizontal mortar beds thus formed, dampness is completely checked. The extended wall 1 is strongly moulded on continuous material extending from the, cuter to the inner surface of the walls of the block. preventing dislocationv of the blocks and holds, them in alignment with those above and below. The longitudinal hole 6 forms a very strong lock at the end of each block with the adjacent blocks when mortar is applied. The blocks have grooves 9 on their upper planes '7 and corresponding on their lower planes 10 for rec iving the mortar, thus forming a very strong interlock.

The blocks also have. grooves 9' on the outside for stucco or cement coating. and on the inside for plaster direct, but may be left plain when desired.

The longitudinal hole or holes. 6* not only reduces material and provides insulation but allows the whole block to be hardened uniformly. The inward curvature 8 on. each side of the extended wall 1 is still a further reduction of material and gives a good thumb and finger holdforv handling. thus increasing the speed in handling and laying into a wall. The outer walls 11 and the inner webs 12 are always in ver- 1, thereby forming,

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tical alignment with the walls and webs above and below with the blocks directly superposed. V

' When necessary the blocks may be increased in width by widening the blocks in proportion or by extending one or both sides to secure the required width. thus the blocks of the larger size would be interchangeable with the smaller size with all vertical walls and-webs in alignment with those above and below. I A score is made on'each side of the eX- tended wall 1 at its base at 13, in order that it can be broken off at that point to suit the requirementsfor joists, topping oli a wall or story, and at corners, etc. and

i still leave the block with continuous mate- "main block, thus courses are formed for rial to hold it together as before.

quire two.

YThe continuous material 7 aids in man- "ufacturing and has its many advantages.

' aisan outer portion of the main block as shown n Fig. 1 and corresponds to said outer portion a of the main block --in*-every respect. 'This block is'used parallel to the main block or blocks at a distance corresponding to the distance across the longitudinal opening at the base of the the required thickness ofthe wall, with any or all of the ad acent courses above alternatlng positions orchanging combinations,

as thecase might be, to obtain a wall of the requiredthickness. This system avoids making the larger size blocks, Wl110l1 are quite unhandy to manufacture, handle and lay into awall, due to their'weight.

Fig. 3 is a novel hollow building block within itself but is a portion of the main block as shown in Fig. 1, it being formed by 7 raising the lower plane 10 of one of the outer members 4 of the main block to a height corresponding to the height of a brick plus the mortar,,thus allowing the bonding in a brick veneer, bonding walls togetherx bonding in at openings, bonding "with itself and many other purposes.

4 of each block, being a preventative against dampness. The longitudinal hole 6 extending through the said wall 1 is a dead air space within the said wall 1 and directly between the horizontal mortar beds 15 is a further preventative against dampness, likewise with the dead air space in the intermediate member 5 below, and the dead air space 14 above and on the sides of the said wall 1 which extends over the inner edges of the horizontal mortar beds 15, thus completely checking dampness horizontally.

The longitudinal hole 6 forms a very stronglockat the end of each block with theadjacent blocks when mortar is applied at 16. thus confining the mortar and pre venting dampness from passing this vertical mortar joint and lock. The tight con fining of the mortar atthis look joint 16 with the air space 5 within the intermediate member below and with the longitudinal holes being a dead air space on each side of this particular lock joint 16 dampness is completely checked vertically, as well as horizontally.

, Fig. 5 is'an isometric view. of a corner, showing the 111211Ill0l00l G with the extended wall 1 broken off'at 18 'thus allowing the next incoming course above, with ke block extending crosswise, to and including the portion 19 thus broken OH with the next course above alternating positions. A common vertical block F is laid at the end of block G on each of the incoming courses and bonds the corners with the course above, alternating positions at the corner the same as block G. The vertical webs of block F are 1n alignment with those of block G above and below and likewise with itself, thus a very strong corner is formed and is well insulated owing to the position of the different blocks.

6 is a plane ofalternative-courses of the block G and F as shown in Fig. 5 for clearness and has the same references.

Fig. 7 is a vertical end view of a brick veneer with the bonding block C as shown in Fig. 3 being used with the main block A as shown in Fig. 1 to bond the headers 20 at any point required.

Fig. 8 is a vertical end view of a brick veneer with the smaller block B as shown in Fig. 2 being used in connection with the main block A. as shown in 1 for brick headers 22. Double or single headers can be had at any point regardless of the thickness of the wall. A portion of the extended wall 1 is broken off the main block A at 21 for joists. Courses of the different blocks are spaced apart 24 with the courses above alternating positions, thus a wall of more than a block thickness can be had with a brick veneer.

9 is a vertical end view of a wall var ing in thickness bein reduced as the Wal goes up at 23 to suit all the requirements necessary in horizontal wall construction. To obtain a wall of diilerent thickness the main block A as shown in Fig. Qis used and the smaller portion block B as shown in Fig. 2 is used in connection. The main-blocks A are layed end to end, thus forming .a course and likewise with the smaller block B. To obtain the thickness equalling the main block A and the portion block B plus the distance they are spaced 24 a course of each are laid parallel a distance corresponding to the width of the longitudinal opening at the base of the main block. A with the adjacent courses above alternating positions, with the exnext adjlicent courses above reverting back to the two courses of the main block A with all walls and webs in alignment with those above and below and with the longitudinal wall 1 in alignment with the spaces 24 between the blocks. A wall of a greater thickness is had by using the required courses of main block and the portion block B and spaced as described with a part or all of the adjacent courses above alternatingpositions or changing com brick can be used in like manner. The block is quite useful and will bond with itself as shown at 26, thus the wall can be reduced in thickness to a single block. The lower courses of the wall is composed of a very high block H with horizontal Webs added at 27 to suit its height. This block has advantages in strength owing to its heaviness. Insulation pads can. be used in connection with the longitudinal hole 6. The said hole 6 allows the pads to enter a short distance therein, and likewise with the adjacent blocks. The main block as shown in this figure has only one longitudinal hole 6 therethrough, due to the short: ness of the hand hold. Short light blocks are preferable, but all manufacturers do not have short cut-ofi' arrangements, hence the extended longitudinal wall, I will vary in height and thickness inorder to secure a. hand hold most suitable to handle the weight, consequently the longitudinal holes will vary in number.

What l-claim and desire to secure by Leti ters Patent, is: i

hollow interlocking tile, comprisinga body portion formed of hollow side sections and an intermediate section open atthe bottom and provided with a transverse "web forming with the top ofthe body ortion aliollow section of less height than t side sectionsand wholly closed against the same,

and a rib rising from the top ofthe body portion in line with and-of less width than the intermediate section, said rib being riorined with a longitudinal opening with its bottom wallin line with and forming part of the upper surface of the body portion, whereby to permit separation of the rib from the body portion without opening the intermediate section.

Signed and dated at Victoria, B. C. this 11th day of June 1924 A. D.

IRA EUGENE BARR.

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