US1603015A - Furnace and process of operating the same - Google Patents

Description

H. Q. BEASLEY. ET AL FUmmcE AND PROCESS 0F OPERATING THE SAME Filed July 14. 1924 lg H. C. BEASLEY ET AL A FURNACE AND PRocEss 0F OPERATING THE SAME Filed July 14. 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 FURNAGE AND PROCESS 0F OPERATING THE SAME Filed July; 14. 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 @@o H2; 9 v gpgm,

. H. C. BEASLEY ET AL FURNACE AND PROCESS OF OPERATING THE SAME Filed July 14. 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 figg., L7

ll/l/f' E Z" f//A il?? f 5 other uses.

Patented @ein l2, figg@ tentera HERBERT C. BEASLEY, 03E @AK FARE,

GRQVE, md', A SEGNES,

AND ROBERT EIAUDOUGLL, @F DWNERS BY A.lrtlESlalE ASSIGNMENTS, T@ BEEMACK F'BNACE AND ERCESS OIF,- OPERAYN@ THE Application led July M, 1924. Serial No. H5374.

@ur invention relates to improvements in furnaces and process of operating the same adapted particularly for treating and fusing enamel ware, although it is adapted to many lt is applied to furnaces of the general type in which material to be treated is conveyed into the furnace and through it during the treating operation, and it has' for one object to provide means whereby l the conveyer which carries the material through the furnace, and particularly through the heated zone is cooled, and whereby escape of the heat from the furnace is prevented. means whereby the material as it leaves the 'furnace is additionally cooled before actually leavingthe furnace, 'and whereby material entering the furnace is heated by a blast of hot air. v@ther objects will appear from time to time throughout the Specification and claims.

The furnace is of the general type in which two parallel lines of articles pase through the furnace in opposite directions on a continuous endless conveyer, and the ends of the furnace itself are thus open.

Our invention is illustrated more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings, wherein: p

Figures 1, 2 and 3 form together a diagramn'latic plan view, Figures 1 and 3 showing opposite ends of the furnace, and Figure 2 the center section;

Figure t is a vertical cross section taken on line 4 4 of Figure 3;

' Figure 5 is an enlarged view showing in detail the supporting members for the conveyer and the cooling means therefor; v

Figure 6 is a detailed elevational view showing one end of the furnace;

Figure 7 isa vertical cross section on an enlarged scale taken on line 7--7 of Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a horizontal cross section on an enlarged scale takenl on line 8 8 of Figure 6;

Figure 9 is a plan view in part section showing the conveyer chain;

Figure 10 is a detail enerally in elevation and partly in section s owing the conveyer chain.

Like partel are designated by like charac#- ters throughout.

Another object is to provide A is the main burning or firing chamber of the furnace. it may be heated in any suitable manner. Preferably, however, it is heated electrically ln the referred form the furnace is made generally of concrete with the addition of fire and heat resistant material, although it might be made of any suitable material. A1 A1 are supporting and strengthening beams which' form part of the furnace structure. The burning chamber is preferably provided with a central partition A2 which in effect divides it into two distinct chambers separated from each other.

The central burning chamber A opens directly at either end into two chambers B B. These chambers are provided with supporting and strengthening members B1 1, and these burning chambers B are preferably not sub-divided within themselves. At the outer end of each of the chambers B is a preheating and pre-cooling chamber C which is'provided with supporting members C1.

D is an endless conveyer chain running through the furnace and extending at each end beyond it. At one end it runs by a supporting pulley or wheel D1 which is carried and journaled in a frame-work D2 and provided with longitudinal adjusting means D3 so that it may be moved in and out. At the other end the conveyer D is carried on a pulley D mounted on a shaft D5 which carries abell Wheel D6 driven by a pinion D7 mounted on a shaft D8. This shaft is driven by a reduction gear D9 from a pulley D1O which is itself driven from any Suitable p ower source. By means of this construct1on the conveyer chain is moved through the furnace and carries the material in and out.

Running throughout the length of the furnace and extending through all of the chambers are two slots E. Above thm slots the conveyi" chain D is driven and throu h these slots material bein moved through t e furnace is supported From the conveyer. The conveyer chain includes suitable rollers E1. .These rollers run upon tracks E E2 above the slots E and above the furnace proper. rllile'traclrs are su ported from the various 'beams B1 B1 and 51. Forming a part of the chain and attached toit is a sectional moving inverted trough-like covering F for the slots E, This covering is made up of a plurality of sections fastened to the chain links and adapted to fit each section with the other as shown particularly in' Figure 9. This trough F penetrates into sand F1 held on either side of the slotsE introughs or depressions F2.

Extending over the slots E 'throughout practically their entire'length and covering them and the conveyer and tracks upon which it runs and extending into the sand are hoods G.

ln communication with the hoods G and preferably running lengthwise above the furnace is the main air conduit H. Air is con'veyed to this conduit through a pipe H1 by means of a blower- H2. Between the blower H2' and the conduit H is a valve structure H? by means of which air may be allowed to escape before reaching the conduit H so as to regulate pressure within the conduit system. At each end the con-A duit H communicates with the subsidiary conduits Hi which extend over the remaining part of the furnace and are in communication with the hoods G. Running from the conduit H to the hoods G is a plurality of feeder pipes H5. By means of these pipes air which is forced into the conduit system is finally forced into the hoods G. Toward the end of the main conduit H feeder pipes Hl .which are smaller than the pipes'H5 communicate with intermediate heating chambers B and bring air from the conduit to the hoods G above the intermediate chambers B. Communicating with the conduit H4 are feeder pipes H7 which communicate with the hood above the furnace chamber and take air to them at that point.

Adjacent the outer Mend -of each of the conduitsH* is a downwardly extending conduit I. This conduit communicates with a discharge box I1 which is provided with a plurality of perforations I2. This discharge box is situated at each end of the furnace on the side of the furnace through which the outgoing material is carried, and the air coming from it blows upon the outwardly moving material. The air which is drawn into the conduit system is substan-.

tially uncooled, being usually room temperature although it might be cooled.

Although we have shown an operative device, still it will be obvious that many changes might be made in size, shape and arrangement of parts without departing materially from the spirit of our invention; and we wish, therefore, that our showing be taken as in a sense diagrammatic.

The use and operation of our invention are as follows: v

The central chamber alone is heated to a suitable temperature. Some of the heat from this chamber, of course, penetrates into the intermediate chambers, and to a much lesser degree even into the two outer chambers. Raw material to be treated is put on the conveyer at each end of the furnace and thus there is moving into the furnace con- 'material passes a stream of treated and partially cooled material.

Air is forced into the conduit system under comparatively small pressure. The

pressure is suiiicient to resist the pressure of the heated air which tends to leave the furnace through the slot in the roof, and thus leakage of this heated air through the slotsin the roof is practically prevented and the conveyer chain moving in .the hood above this slot is comparatively cool and the difficulties of wear and lubrication are greatly reduced. The amount of air forced into the hood above the various chambers is regulated by means of the size of the conduits and feeder pipes to conform to`the varying degrees of pressure. The pressure of the heated air in the central chamber is, of course, higher than that in the other chambers.

At each of the outer ends of the furnace,`

theair in the conduit system which has not been forced downward into the hoods cov ering the slots is finally forced into the discharge box: This is still substantially cool air and it is blown directly upon the outwardly moving stream of treated and partially cooled material and serves additionally to cool it.' Since there is nopartition in the outer chambers of the furnace, the partially cooled treated material moves directly past the cool untreated material and the heat from the partially cooled material serves initially to heat the entering unt-reated material.

`The blastv of cool air which is blown upon the outwardly moving treated material serves to cool it and is in this action itself heated and becomes thus a blast of heated air. and-after becoming so heated moves directly across to the incoming stream-of unheated` untreated material and thus serves to heat it initially, at av point almost of its first entrance into the' pre-heating chamber C of the furnace.

We claim:

1. In combination with an oven having a slot in the roof thereof, a -hood overlying system adapted to force air under pressure into said hood, in combination with a con- -veyer adapted to run within said hood and above said slot.

3. In combination with anoven having a slot in the roof thereof, a hood overlying said slot and means for preventing the escape of heated air through said slot, including said hood, and an air supply and conduit system adapted to force air under pressure into said hood, in combination with a conveyerI adapted to run within said hood and above said slot, said conveyor carrying an inverted hood adapted to over1ie said slot and to penetrate into a pair of sand tilled troughs on either side of said slot.

fl.A In combination with an oven having a .slot in the roof thereof, a hood overlying said slot and means for preventing the escape of heated air through said slot, including said hood, and an air supply and conduit' system adapted to force air under pressure into said/hood, in combination with an endless conveyer adapted to run within said hood and above said slot, said conveyer carrying an articulated inverted hood adapted to overlie said slot and to penetrate into a pair of sand filled troughs on either side ofl said slot.

5. In combination with an oven having a plurality of slots in the roof thereof, hoods covering said slots and means for preventing the escape of heated air through said slots, including said hoods, and an air supply and conduit system adapted to force air under pressure into said hoods. y

' 6. In combination with an oven having a plurality of slots in the root thereof, hoods covering said slots and means for preventing the escape of heated air through said slots, including said hoods, and an air supply and conduit system adapted to force air under pressure into said hoods, and an endless conveyer adapted to move within said hood and tol support material within said ovenS,-said conveyor carrying an articulated inverted hood overlying said slots.

7. In combination with an oven having a plurality of slots in the roof thereof, hoods covering said slots and means for preventing the escape of. heated air vthrough said slots, including said hoods, and an air supply and conduit system adapted to forceair under pressure into said hoods, and an endless conveyer adapted to move within said hood and to support material Within said oven, said conveyer carrying an articulated inverted vhood overlying said slots` and adapted to co-operate with pairs of sand filled troughs lying on either side of each of said slots to prevent the escape of heated air therethrough. 8. In combination with an oven having a pair of' slots in its top, and an endless oonveyer adapted' to support material through said slots and to move said material into and out of said oven in two oppositely movsaid entering cool material to heat the same.

9. In combination with an ovenhaving a plurality of slots in the top thereof, and an endless conveyor adapted to move material into and out of said oven in two op ositely moving streams, a heating chamber within said oven adapted to heat said material, and cooling chambers on either side of said heating chamber, and means for preventing the escape of heated air from said slots, including hoods extending over said slots and an air supply and conduit system adapted to force airunder pressure into said hoods.

l0. In combination with an oven having a plurality of slots in the top thereof, and an endless conveyor adapted to move material into and ont of said oven in two oppositely moving streams,-a heating chamber withinsaid oven adapted to heat said material, and cooling chambers on either side of said heating chamber, and means for'preventing the escape of4 heated air from said slots, including hoods extending over said slots and an air supply and conduit system adapted to force air under'pressure into said hoods, said endless conveyor carrying an articulated inverted hood-like trough overlying said slots.

11. In combination with an oven having a plurality of slots in the top thereof, and an endless conveyor adapted to move material into and out of said oven in two oppos'itely moving streams, a heat-ing chamber within said oven adapted to heat said material, and cooling chambers on either side of said heating chamber, and means for preventing the escape of heated air from said slots, including hoods extending over said slots and an air supply and conduit system adapted to force air under pressure into said hoods,said endless convever carrying an articulated inverted hood-like trough overlying said slots, and (zo-operating with sand filled troughs on each side of each slot to prevent the escape of heated air therethrough.

12. In combination with an oven having a plurality of slots in the top thereof, and an endless conveyor adapted to move material into and out of said oven in two oppositely moving streams, a heating'chamber within said oven adapted to heat said material, and cooling chambers on either side slots and an air supply and conduit system adapted to force air under pressure into said hoods, and Ameans in combination with said conduit system for cooling the outgoing material and heating the ingoing material including a connection at each end 'of said conduit system and a discharge means ladapted to blow air from the conduit system upon the heated outward stream of ma- .terial, and thus'after such air has become heated upon the cool ingoing stream of ma- 13. In combination with an oven having a plurality of slots in the top thereof, an

an endless conveyer adapted to move ma-` terial into and out ofsaid oven in two oppositely moving streams a heating chamber going material and heatin the ingoing materlal, including a connectlon at each end of;

said conduit system and a discharge means adapted to blow cool air from the conduitV system upon the heated outward stream of material and thence after such air has become heated, 'uponxthe cool ingoing stream of. material.

14. In combination with an oven havinga plurality of-slots in the top thereof, and an endless conveyer adapted to move material into'and out of said oven in two oppositely moving streams, a heating chamber within said oven adapted to heat said material, and cooling'chambers on either side of said heating chamber, and means for preventing theescape of heated air from said slots, including hoods extending` over said slots and an air supply and conduit system adapted to i force air under pressure into said hoods,

said "endless conveyer carrying an articulated inverted hood-like trough overl ing A said slots, and co-op'erating with said lled the escape of heated air therethrough, andv means in combination with said conduit systroughs on each side of each slot to prevent tem for cooling' the outgoing material and heating the ingoing material, including a connection at each end of said conduit sys-- tem and a discharge means adapted to blow cool air fromthe' conduit system upon the heated outward stream ofv material and thence after such air has becomeheated, upon the cool ingoing stream of material.

15. The method of preventing the escape -airthrough such opening, including mem-' bers adapted tosurround said opening with a zone of pressure suicient to prevent the escape of such heated air. l

17. In combination with an oven having an outside conveyor and an opening in said oven through which said conveyor-extends` means for preventing the escapev of heated air through such opening, andmean's for maintaining along such opening an air pressure suiiicient to prevent the escape of said heated air. Y

18. The method ofl preventing the escape of heated air through an openin' in an oren wall which consists in surroun ing such opening with a zone of air under pressure substantially equal to the pressure of the air within such oven. i p

19. A process for preventing the ,escape of air through an opening in an oven 'which consists in maintaining on the outer side of said opening a pressure only slightly in excessof that within the oven.

20. An oven Ahaving an opening through. a wall thereof, means within the oven for moving materials to betreated therein, movable means outside the oven for operating the first said means, connections between the first, and second said means -extending through said opening, a hood over said openings andl the second said means, and means for supplying said hood with gas' under pressure; 4

Signed at Cicero, Illinois, this 9th day of July, 1924.

HERBERT o. BEASLEY. Signed at Cicero, Illinois, this 9th day of July, 1924.

ROBERT MAGDOUGALL.

Images