US1697123A - Steam superheating system - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 1, 1929.

T. LARREY ETAL STEAM SUPERHEATING SYSTEM Fi 1ed April 4, 1927 wh. bh.

Teodoro Larrey, zu/'sada'i Patented Jan. 1, 1929.

Unire-D surges freer :Free-QE.

STEAM SUPERHEATING SYSTEM.

Application `tiled April/1,1927, Serial No.

This invention relatest-o steam superheating systems, designedpriinarily for inst-allation in locomotives though notlimited to that particular application.

It involves certain in'iprovements, all'fully describedhereinafter, Ain lor ,associated with the construction of' the superheating del ector or header which controls'thepassage oithe steam from' the dryj pipe or,v pipes to the super heating units disposed Withint'he iretuhes or lines, the construction oiuthe aforesaid superheating unitst'hemselves, and the provision of a special headfor the dei'lector which isflocated between the dry pipe or pipes and thedelector and to which the cylinder supplyr pipes are also connected.

Furtherimprovements also reside in the special valve employed to control the passage of the superheated steamiromv the dedector to the cylinder supply pipes, and which is constructed to permit the steam to pass throughihtvhen in closed position, to a chamberlocated above-it inthe deliector so as to balance the pressure of the steam beneath it.

HfThe deiiector-head is constructed in a man ner to direct the incoming saturated steanito the 'deliector and to receive the superheated steam from thelatter and 4direct it to Vthe above-mentioned supply pipes; andthe de.- iector itseliis made in sections which are detachable individually from the dellector and from the' head and other parts. orinen'iybers Which supportthem. The individual superheating units, in-like manner, can'be disconnected from the deflect-or `and With- `drawn'from the lues, .and they are so shaped lfront end of one o't the super-heating units F ig. 4 is a ragmental vertical section of the rear end ofthe superheating unit;

Fig. 5 is a `plan view of one of the defector sections;

180,923, and in Mexico 'December 27, 1926.

tFig. -6 is Aan enlarged Vvertical sectional View of athree-chani'ber deflect'or. 'Referring to Figs. lcandQ, l'indjicatesth sinohebozlr of` the steam engine orlocomotire, 2 the boiler'vvall, fthetube sheet andfll'the fire tubes or tlues. The dry-pipeextends through an openingin the.'upperportion ol th'etuloe `sheet '3 intothe sinokc-boxand'is suitably connected Eto a -rearwardly-proj ect ing neck' 6 forming' part of; thehead 7' ot'fthe deliector or headerythe 'spccial'construc- .tion ofthe elements 7' and-8 presenting some of' the most importaiiit:features oli-fthe invention.

The .deliector 8 embodies a- -chzanrber to -re ceive saturated steam fron'i't-he `dry lpipe f5 ia the head 'in'the mannenhereinafter described and to lsupply-it tothe super'heat-ing units'), and one `or more chambers to-receive the superheate'd steam yfrom saidunitswand supply it," lil'eiviseil byl Way ot head l7,-'t0fleeki pipes l() which k'lead dircctlylto he steam chests and theneeto thecylinders. jln'the forni represented inF ig. 2,' the detlector isof the tivo-chamber type, comprising rear and :front chambers l1v and'l'ifor saturated land superfheated stea-ni;'but in Fig.'6,'the de- -tlector'includes an ,additional chamber `lto receivetlie steam 'from one group o'tsuperheating units and supply it to another group to undergo, a further superheating acti-on Whereaiter it passesv into chamber l2, sot-hat stage heating is thus effected. 'There may, of course, be more than two superheate'd steam chambers, 'according to thenumber ot' stages ofsuperheating desired.

ln any case, however, the de'dcotor is ol multi-part or sectional construction, ther indi.

vidual hollow members or sections 1,4 of

which are substantial'counterparts ot Ione another', are'arranged vertically sde bv side inab'utt-ing relation,` and: areA internall'jwpartit-ioned to `form the saturated pand superheated steam chambers the end sections hav ing solid sideplates orwingsl 'litte'dto them to lacilitatefan'd Vassist Kheat `deflectiongand distribution. At .theirlower ends; these sections are bolted to .a supportingrafil or bracket 16 `which is itself. bolted towthesm-ole-box -=ivail, While their flanged upper ends Aarexarl ranged `flat againstA the bottomrivall ofhead 7 .and are fastened thereto bybo'lts 17rthat ypass'through registering slots 18 Eand "19 `formed insaid flanges and in"fianges or-extensions onV the-aforesaid Wall.

"lhefhead '7 itselfrestsI on :the sections 14 of the detlector, as will be understood, and it is further supported by means of side brackets 20 fastened to the smoke-box wall and to which it is bolted at its ends; the wing plates 15 likewise being secured at o-pposite ends to brackets 20 and 16. This element 7 is provided internally with a partition 21 which separates its previously-mentioned neck 6 from the rest of the head and acts to direct the incoming saturated steam from the dry pipe 5 into au internal passage 22 leading down toward the bottom wall of the head; such wall being formed with two sets of ports s3 and 24 separated by a partition 25 that constitutes a common inner wall between passage 22 and a front passage 26 hereinafter referred to. T he ports 23 and 24 overlie the tops of the detlector sections 14 and register with ports 27 and 28 formed therein, each section having two suoli ports, so that the saturated steam is thus permitted to flow into the chambers 11 of the detiector, while the superheated steam from chambers 12 can flow into the portion of the head in front of partition 21 and thence into the cylinder supply pipes 10.

Communication between pipes 10 and passage 26 is controlled by a balanced valve 29, preferably in the forni of an axially-bored member or sleeve of slightly tapered or inverted frusto-conical shape. This valve moves up and down through upper and lo-wer openings or seats 8O and 31 p-rovided in partition walls within the head, and is equipped with circumferential flanges 32 and 33 for coaction with the same; and it is preferably suspended by a stem 34 from a crank arm 35 attached to a horizontal rock shaft 3G which extends through a casing 37 serving as a continuation of the valve chamber, suitable guide fingers 88 being provided on the valve to facilitate its movements. The exterior portion of the rock shaft 36 is journaled in a bracket 39 mounted on the outside of the boiler wall 2 and is provided with a second crank arm 40 suitably connected to be operated from the engineers cab.

Due to the arrangement described, it will be apparent that superheated steam from the chambers 12 of the deflector will be free to pass through the bore of the valve into thev space or chamber above the valve and within the casing and will tend to press the valve ribs against their seats, thus balancing the valve against the upward pressure o-f the steam, but cutting off communication between the supply .pipes 10 and the'deflector. When the valve 1s raised1 both seats or openings will be uncovered and steam can iow to said pipes from both above and below the valve; t-he space between the two seats emptying, and that above the upper seat re-illing as soon as the valve is again closed.

As has previously been stated, the steam passes from the saturated steam chambers of the deflector sections 14-or from the saturated steam space, as it may be regarded, provided in the detlector by said chambers-into the superheating units 9 to be converted into superheated steam. Preferably, these tubular units are of special construction, and each comprises a corrugated rear portion 41 which extends through the corresponding flue 4 and is plugged at its far end, a short cylindrical front portion 42, and a sleeve 43 that fits over the latter portion and extends transversely through the deiiector. The tubes proper are divided horizontally by partitions 44 into upper and lower compartments 45 and 46 (Figs. 3 and 4) in a manner and for a purpose similar to that shown and described in our prior Patent No. 1,597,905, granted August 31, 1926, to which reference may be had for a complete explanation; it being considered sufficient for present purposes to state that the steam enters at the front end of the lower compartment 46, flows therethrough to the rear end of the compartment where it passes around the end of the partition 44 (which terminates short of the plugged end of the tube, as shown in Fig. 4) and then travels through the upper compartment 45 back to the front end of the tube where it leaves.

ln the two-chamber deflector represented in Fig. 2, each sleeve 43 (and, of course, the tube portion 42 over which it lits) is formed with two port-s 47 and 48, the ports 47 being disposed within the saturated steam chamber 11 and admitting steam therefrom into the tube compartments 46, while the ports 48 are disposed in the superheated steam chamber 12 and constitute out-lets for the steam from the compartments 45. YVhere a threechamber deflector is employed, the sleeves and enclosed tube portions have a somewhat different port arrangement including upper ports 49 that open into theI first-stage superheating chamber 13 from the units and lower ports 50 that open into said units from that chamber; the grouping of the ports being such that the ports 47 and 49 are formed in one set of sleeves, and the ports 50 and 48 in another set, there being three sleeves in each set in the case illustrated in which six units are connected to each deicctor section.

As further regards the units themselves, it will be observed that the corrugated rear portions 41 thereof have a cruciform section which may be produced in any desired way, thereby increasing to a very great extent the surface area exposed to the action of the flames and gases of combustion passing through the flucs and, at the same time, enlarging the passageway or spaceV between the units and the flue walls, as well as presenting a relative small volume of steam to the heat. These portions of the units are supported within the flues by means of clip brackets 51 (Fig. 3) that engage and straddle the lower corrugations. The units are, of course, removable from the tlues, and the sleeves 43 are detachable therefrom and from the de- Hector sections, whereto they are secured by suitable clamping; nuts or the like; and in the case of the three-chamber deflector, the sleeves may be, and preferably are, slightly tapered, their smaller ends pointing forward.

In like manner, the detlector sections 14C can be detached individually from the deiiector for inspection and, in the event of injury, can be repaired or replaced by new ones without disturbing either the remainingfsections or the deflector head. This sectional formation also `facilitates the construction and installation of the de'tleetor, as well as its 'dismantling should occasion therefor arise.

Having thus described our invention, we claim:

l. In a steam superheating system, a header provided with separate internal chambers :tor saturated and superheated steam which are disposed one in front of the otherand are devoid of direct communication; a vplurality olf superheating units connected to the header and adapted to receive steam from the saturated steam chamber and supply it to the superhea-ted steam chamber after having been su -aerheated; a head mounted on the top of the lieader and partitioned internally to define a chamber to receive saturated steam and supply it to the saturated steam chamber of the header, and a chamber to receive superheated steam from the superheated ste-am chamber of the header and provided with an opening for delivering such steam for use; and a balanced valve located within said head to control the passage of steam to the superheated st-eam chamber thereof from the superheated steam chamber of the header.

2. In a. steam superheating system, a header provide-d with separate internal chambers for saturated and superheated steam which are disposed one in front of the other and arel devoid of directcommunicationg a plurality oit superheating units connected to the header and adapted to receive steam from the sat urated steam chamber and supply it to the superheated steam chamber after having been superheated; a head mounted on the top of the header and partitioned internally to deline a chamber to receive saturated steam and supply it to the saturated steam chamber of the header, a valve chamber in controllable communication with the superheated steam chamber of the header but devoidl of communication with the saturated st-eam chamy er of the head, and an outlet chamber to one side of and constantly communicating with the valve chamber; and a valve in the valve chamber to control communication between the latter and said superheated steam chamber.

V3. A steam sup-erheating system, according to claim l, in which the valve is provided with a bore 'for constantly admitting steam `from the superheated steam. chamber of the header to a point above it in the head for balancing purposes, such steam exhausting through the delivery opening when the valve is raised.

4. A steam superheating system, according to claim 2, in which the valve has the form of a hollow, open-ended sleeve to enable steam from the superheated steam chamber of the header to pass constantly through it to a point in the valve chamber above the valve for balancing purposes, such steam exhausting into and thro-ugh the out-let chamber when the valve is raised.

5. A steam superheating unit, comprising a tube embodying a rear portion of cruciform section which extends the great-er portion of the tube length, and a cylindrical front portion; a horizontal partition within the tube extending( from the front end thereof to within a short distance of the rear end, and dividing the interior of the tube intoy upper and lower horizontal compartments which open into each other at their rear ends; and brackets straddling the lower arms oi" the cruciform rear portion of the tube for supporting such portion Within a boiler flue.

In. testimony whereof we aiiix our signatures.

TEODORO LARREY. LUIS GODARD.

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