US1696926A - Typewriting machine - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 1, 1929. 1,696,926

' J. A. B. SMITH TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Oct. 28, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR:

ATTO QEY.

Jan. 1, 1929.

J. A. B. SMITH TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Oct. 28', 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR:

ATTORN Filed Oct. 28, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR:

Patented Jan. 1, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JESSE A. B. SMITH, 0F STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO UNDERWOOD ELLIOTT FISHER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

TYPEWRITING MACHINE.

Application filed October 28, 1926. Serial No. 144,704.

This invention relates to a novel twin fanfold typewriting machine, and more particularly to novel means whereby two fan fold carriages may be used either singly or jointly.

In an ordinary fan-fold machine, a workweb interleaved with carbons is positioned around the platen. After typing a form, the platen is elevated to straighten out the web, and the carbons are stripped or moved back to a fresh work-web section. After this, the platen is lowered to its normal position and the typed form is gaged and severed against a knife.

For simultaneous use of two different forms of web, provision is made of two platens, each carrying a web, the carriage being moved to present either web to the printing field. There are provided two normally-joined carriages which may be disconnected, so that when desired either of the carriages may be operated separately, the carriage not in use being held stationary at one side of the machine. This novel type of machine is especially adapted to turn out a variety of work, such as, for instance, Work calling for successively typing a letter on each form, in which case the two carriages are operated jointly. Sometimes, the work may require the typing of one or more forms on one of the carriages or carriagesections, and then the typing of one or more forms on the other carriage. In this latter case, much effort is saved the operative by disconnecting the two carriages or sections and by operating each one singly as a complete unit.

The two carriages are controlled by the same linespacing mechanism and are fed in letter-space direction by means of a spring-drum which is operatively connected to both carriages by means of a tape pulling on a double-actingcord fast to both carriages. By means of this arrangement it is possible to hold either of the carriages or sections out of the printing field while the other carriage is operated in the printing field.

One of the features of this invention relates to means for easily and accurately hooking the two carriages to be operated jointly. To this end, a manually-operable clamp is pivotally mounted 011 one of the carriages. This clamp engages with a fixed member carried by the other carriage. The two carriages are held a predetermined distance apart by means of a spacing block adjustably mounted on one of the carriages which abuts against the frame'of the other carriage.

Another feature of this invention relates to means for disconnecting the carriages from the escapement-mechanism in order that said carriages may be positioned. Each carriage-feeding rack is provided with a handle and may be independently operated when the carriages are operated singly, but when the carriages are joined the operation of either rack is effective to operate the other also.

In order that either carriage may be moved to the printing field without re-positioning the marginal stops which limit the movement of the carriage within the printing field, it proposed to swing the lefthand marginal stop in order to let the lefthand carriage pass to its inefiective position.

It will be understood that, while the lefthand carriage may be held against a fixed stop in its ineffective position under the tension of. the spring drum, the right-hand carriage, when free of the escapement-device, must be locked in its ineffective position against the pull of said spring-drum in order that the left-hand carriage may be operated. It is another feature of this invention to provide such a lock for holding the right-hand carriage.

Another feature of this invention is that a pairof standard carriages may be mounted side by side upon extra-long carriageguide-ways. Since the frame of the machine need not be changed, it is possible to reequip old machines with the present i1nprovements by simply providing new guideways having opposite extensions and an en tra carriage, said extensions affording sufficient range of letter-feeding travel for either carriage, and also permitting either carriage to be shifted clear of the type-system and escapement-device.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a twinplaten Underwood fan-fold machine, and shows the means for hooking the two carriages together.

Figure 2 is a plan view, showing the two carriages joined to be operated as a unit, the left-hand platen being in printing position.

Figure 3 is a side View, in elevation, showing the upper part of the typewriter and left-hand carriage in typing position, and

the right-hand carriage in inoperative position.

Figure 6 is a dia rammatic view, showing the springdrum for operating both carriages either singly or jointly.

' Figure 7 is a detail perspective View, showing the means for connecting the two carriage-feeding racks to be operated together.

Figure 8 1s a back view of the machine, showing the means for assembling the two carriage-feeding racks.

Figure 9 is a detail showing the locking means for the right-hand carriage.

The present improvements include a machine provided with two carriages 10 and 11, both being slidably mounted on rails 12 and 13. The method of operating the machine is to draw a multiple-ply web 14 from a supply at the rear of the machine, and. to pass the web over a cross-bar 16 mounted at the rear of a frame 17, which travels together with the carriage. The frame is supported at the rear thereof by means of rollers 15 bearing on a cross-rail 18. Prior to inserting the web around the platen 19 to be typed, the plies thereof are interleaved with carbons 20, which are secured to a carbon-carrier 21, andthe assembled Web is inserted around the platen to typing position. After typing a form, the platen may be swung about a shaft 22 to straighten out the web and thereby enable the carbon-carrier to be moved rearwardly to shift the carbons. While stripping the carbons, the web is pulled forwardly against a gage 23, and then the platen is lowered to its normal position, and the typed form is torn ofl? against a knife, not shown. The usual means whereby the platen may be swung about said shaft 22 are partly shown, and are fully set forth in Patent 1,17 5,945 to B. P. For-tin, issued March 21, 1916. Said patent also shows the web-severing means. Each platen is provided with independent line-spacing mechanism, including a knob or finger-wheel 80 for each platen and line-spacing levers 81 which are operativelyconnected to line-spacing wheels 82 fastened to shafts 83 journaled in end plates 84 of the platen-frame. Said shafts 83 are in turn operatively connected to platen-axles 84*, by means of gears 85 and apart.

86, and co-operating pinions 87 secured to the shafts 22. It will be seen that, when the platen, mounted in a swingable frame 98, Figure 3, is swung upwardly about shaft 22 to straighten the web, the platen-axle gears 86 are causedito roll around the pinions 87, whichare held stationary by reasonof their connection with the detented linespace wheel, thereby keeping the platen permanently connected to the line-space wheel, as set forth in said patent.

It will be understood that both carriages are preferably of a standard Underwood construction. The carriage- rails 12, 13 and 18 are provided with opposite extensions 12, 18 and 18, respectively. Said extensions are of such length that there is afforded for either carriage a sufficient range of letterfeeding movement to permit full-width typing'of an ordinary work-sheet, while the other carriage is moved entirely out of typing position away from the type-system. The extensions are further of.such length that the carriage to be moved away from the typing position may be moved sufficiently to disconnect it from the usual letter-feeding mechanism to be later described. Different work-sheets may therefore be presented alternatively to the type-system at will, while retained in typing positions in their respective carriages.

' I11 some classes of work it is desired to first type a line on one of the webs, and then to type another line on the other web. In this case it is advantageous to hook the two turned to typing position in one operation. Other classes of work, however, call for the typing of a whole form on one of the webs. In this case, it has been found that it is easier for the operator to hold the carriage not being used stationary and to operate the other carriage singly. To these ends, a pair of latches 24 are carried by a shaft 25 mounted on brackets 26, fast to one of the carriages by means of screws 27. Said latches engage with locking plates 28, which are fast to the other carriage by means of screws 29. Normally, the latches are held in their operative or closed position, as shown in Figure 1', by means of a spring 30 wound around the shaft 25. The latches are swung to ineffective position by means of a finger-piece 31, to thus permit independent operation of the carriages. In order to provide a solid connection between the two carriages, there may be provided a spacing block 32 'ad ustably mounted on one of the carriages by means of nuts 33. This spacing block abuts against the other carriage to hold the two carriages a predetermined distance The rocking movement of the shaft 25 is limited by a plate 34-, whichis fast to the shaft 25 and carries pins 35 designed to engage one of the brackets 26.

I00 carriages'together, so that both may be re- The two carriages are operated in letterspace direction by means of a common spring-drum 37, which is pivotally mounted on a stud 38, carried by a plate or bracket 36. This drum carries a tape 39 wound therearound, and the free end of the tape is provided with a pulley 40. Said pulley is operatively connected to both carriages by means of a cord 41, which is fast by means of screws 42 and 43, respectively, to the carriages 10 and 11. The cord is passed over a pair of pulleys 44 and 45, rotatably mounted on studs carried by a plate 46, fast to the frame of the machine, as shown in Figure 6. By means of this arrangement it is possible to letter-space both carriages simultaneously, or to hold either one of the carriages while the other oneis being letterspaced. In Figure 4 the carriage 10 is held stationary at the left-hand side of the frame,

while the carriage 11 is shown in operating position at the printing field. In Figure 5 the carriage 11 is held stationary at the right-hand side of the frame, while the carriage 10 is shown in operating position. I

It is well known that the Underwood machine is provided with means for releasing the carriage in order that the same may be positioned independently of the letter-spacing mechanism. Said means include an escapement-rack 47, which engages with an escapcment-wheel 48. The latter is controlled by other portions of the escapemcntmechanism, not shown, and in turn controlled by the type-bars. The racks are secured to levers 49, having handles 52, and the levers are pivot-ally mounted on studs 50, fast to the carriage. In this machine there is only one escapement-mechanism provided, which co-operates with either of the carriages. In order that the two escape ment racks may be simultaneously operated from either of the carriages to release said carriage from the escapement-device, it is proposed to connect the two racks by means of a sliding plunger 51 carried by one of the racks, which engages a hole in one of the levers 49. This plunger is held in engaged position by means of a spring 53, and is held in its normal position when the two carriages are disengaged by means of a collar 54.

Since the two carriages are always urged in letter-space direction by the force of the spring-drum 37, it will be seen that while the carriage 10 :an be held in its ineffective p. ition against a stop 97 by the force of the spring. the carriage 11 must be locked in its ineffective position in order to prevent accidental displacement thereof. The locking means for this carriage 11 may include a latch 56 mounted on one of the racks 47, which operates with a stop-device or collar 57. Said collar may be fast to the rail 13 by means of a pin 58. This latch is automaticallytreleased when the rack 47 associated with the carriage 11 is swung to re lease the carriage, but is not affected when the other rack is so swung to release its carriage in the independent operation thereof. Thus the release of the carriage 11 from its idle position is automatically accomplished by raising its rack 47, such raising of said rack being necessary anyway, on account of the one-way action of the escapementdevice, before the engagement of the carriage 11 with said escapement-device may be effected.

It will be noted that by reason of the yieldable spring-pressed carriage-connecting mechanism, of which the latches 24 and plunger 51 form a part, either carriage may be connected to the other by merely bringing said either carriage into juxtaposition with the other carriage. As they are brought into said juxtaposition for joint operation, the latches 24 will automatically snap into holding position over the plates 28, and the plunger 51 will automatically engage the hole 50. The raclcconnecting means is made yieldable because, when the carriage 11 is moved to bring it into juxtaposition with the other carriage, its rack 47 will necessarily have to be raised, in which case the plunger 51 would not align with the hole 50' of the other carriage until the rack 47 released again. As said release may not take place until the carriages are actually in juxtaposition with one another, the plunger 51 yields as the end thereof encounters the lug surrounding the hole 50. It obvious that as soon as the rack 47 is released the plunger 51 automatically enters the hole 50, thereby automatically establishing connection between the racks 47. Disconnection of either carriage from the other is effected by merely pressing the tinger-piece 31 and then separating the carriages to the extent desired.

The machine is provided with marginal stops 59 and 60 for limiting the travel of the carriage. The stop 59 controls the lefthand margin of the paper, and may be set in relation to a scale 61 by means of linger pieces 62. When returning the carriage to start a line, the same is arrested by a lever 63, which strikes a lug 64 carried by the stop 59. Said lever is pivotally mounted on a screw 65, and is held in its normal position by means of a spring 66. In order that the carriage may he jumped over said stop 59 without disturbing the position thereof, the lever 63 is provided with an extension 67, which protrudes through the frame of the carriage at a point near a carriage-return handle 68. lVhen the extension 67 is depressed, the carriage may be moved past the stop 59, to its inoperative position. The left-hand marginal stop 60, which controls the right-hand margin of the paper, may besimilar to the Stop disclosed in my patent No. 1,599,795, dated September 14, 1926. The stop shown in said patent is not only effective to operate a carriageping means includes a plate 69, which cooperates with a lug 70, forming an integral part of the carriagewframe. I Both marginal stops are slidably mounted on a cross-shaft 71, and are positioned by a rack 72. The latter is pivotally mounted on the shaft 71, and is held in its effective position by a spring 73. In order that the carriage 10- may be moved to its ineffective position, the stop and the rack 72 associated therewith are swung downwardly by means of a fingerpiece 74 carried by the stop 60.

Either carriage'may be positioned to typing position by operation of a tabulatorkey, not shown, which is effective to release the carriage from the escapement-mechanism, and to elevate a plunger 75 in the path of a tabulating stop 76 carried by a toothed cross-bar 77. Said cross-bar is mounted on the carriage, and the stops are positioned thereon by means of a co-operating scale 78, which is supported on endbrackets 79 fast to the bar 77. The latter is graduated to correspond with the scale 61 at the front of the machine. It will be understood that there is provided a scale 78 for each carriage, both co-operating with the front scale 61, In this manner the tabulating stops on each carriage may be adjusted independently of each other, both settings corre ,sponding to the position of the marginal stops, which are positioned relatively to the front scale. The type of tabulating mechanism herein represented is fully described in Patent No. 956,144 to C. McLaughlin, dated April 26, 1910. There may be only one plunger 75 if ordinary column-skip-' ping only is to beeffected. It will be understood that any other type of tabulating.

mechanism may be used Within the scope of the invention. In some forms of the invention, as for example, where there is, in

V the joint operation of the carriages, acontabulating mechanism may be also used to release the left-hand carriage 10 from the printing field and effect the shifting thereof to ineffective position. A further use of the tabulating mechanism is as follows: Should the left-hand carriage 10 be in ineffective position and the carriage .11 be in the printing field, the tabulating mechanisinmay be operated to release the carriage 11 from the control of its escapementmechanism, and permit it to be drawn by the spring-drum into juxtaposition with the carr-iage 10 to which it may become automatically connected for operation of said carriages as a unit. 'Thus, it will be seen that the tabulating mechanism forms a useful feature of the invention herein set forth.

It will be understood that these improvements are in the nature of an attachment to a standard Underwood machine having, as already stated, extended rails to accommodate the companion carriages. The rails are fast to a frame 88, which is provided with a rear extension 89 for supporting the extended rear rails 18. The spring drum 37 is operated by a spiral spring 90 which is wound around the stud38. The latter is secured to the plate 36, in turn, fast, by means of screws 91, to the frame 88, This plate may be attached to any standard ma chine. I The two pulleys 44 and 45 are rotatably mounted on studs respectively numbored 92 and 93 carried by the plate 46 which is fast to the frame 88 by means of screws 94. Said plate 46 carrying the pulleys is also attached to the machine as a separate unit.

The usual Underwood system of key-operated type-bars 95 striking at a common printing center, is conventionally represented, the usual key-board thereof being indicated at 96, Figure 2. It will be understood. that these printing instrumentalities control the usual escapement-device represented by theescapement-wheel 48. One of the type-bars 95 is shown in printing position to indicate, in the several views, which gne of the carriages is at the usual printing eld.

Variations may beresorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions'of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I

claim ,ated either together asa unit or each independently of the other by and in respect to said single set of printing instrumentalities.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of two platens, two carriages, one

for each platen, and means whereby each carriage may be operated either together as a unit or independently of each other, said means including a spring-drum, a tape wound therearound, a cord having one end attached to each carriage, and a puliey carricd by said tape and actuating on said cord 3. In a typewriting machine having); a single set of printing instrumentaiities, the combination of a plurality of carriages independently operable by and in respect to said printing instrumentalities, and releasable means enabling said carriages to be jointly operated as a unit.

at. In a typewriting machine having a single set of printing instrumentalities, the combination of two carriages independently operable by and in respectto said printing instrumentalities, releasable means for connecting the two carriages so that both carriages may be operated as a unit, and means for locking either of the carriages out of the printing field of said printing instrumental ties when the other carriage is operated.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combination of two independently-operable carriages, and means for hooking the two carriages, so that both carriages may be jointly operated, said hooking means including a latch pivotally mounted on one of the carriages, a device carried by the other carriage for co-operating with said latch, and spacing means between the two carriages for holding the carriages at a predetermined distance.

6. In a typcwriting machine having a single set of printing instrumentalities, the combination of a pair of independently-operable carriages for presenting different work-webs to said printing instrumentalities, and means for controlling the letterspacing movement of said carriages in re spect to said printing instrumentalities either independently or together as a unit.

7. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a pair of independently-operable car riages, and means for controlling the letterspacing movement of both carriages either independently or together, said means including a spring-drum, a tape wound therearound, and means including a cord for oper atively connecting said tape with both carriages, so that either carriage may be operated while the other one is held stationary.

8. In a typewriting machine having a single set of printing instrumentalitics, the combination of two independently-operable carriages for presenting difi'erent work-webs to said printing instrumentalities, releasable means for hooking both carriages togetherfor operation as a unit, and means for letterspacing both carriages by said printing in strumentalities.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination of two independent]y-operable carriages,

means for hooking both carriages together and means for letter-spacing both carria es, said hooking means including a latch tast to a shaft journaled in brackets carried by one of the carriages-i, locking means carried ly the othe' carriage for cooperating with said latch, a spring to hold the latch in its latched position, and. a handle for swinging the latch to ineffective position.

10. In a iypewrrt-ing machine having a single printing point, the combination of a frame, carriage-guideways on said frame, two independently-operable carriages slidably mounted on said guideways for movement past said printing point and a fined scale carried by said frame, said scale being etl ectiveto position either of the carriages to the printing point. i

11. In a typewriting machine having a single escapcment device, the combination of two independently-operable carriages, each having a releasable letter-spacing rack cooperable with said escapement device, releasable means it'or hooking the two carriages together to be operated as a unit, and means for connecting the two letterspacing racks, so that one rack is effective to release the other upon operation of said one rack to release the connected carriages from said escapement device.

12. In a typewriting machine, the combination of two independently-operable carriages, each having a releasable letter-spacing rack, means for booking the two carriages together to be simultaneously operated, and means for connecting the two letterspacing racks, so that one is effective to release the other upon operation thereof, said means including a spring-plunger mounted on one of the racks and a bracket carried by the other rack having a hole for receiving said plunger.

13. In a typewriting machine having a single printing field, the combination of two carriage-sections movable past said printing field, a tabulating mechanism for positioning either carriage-section in respect to the printing field, a scale for each carriage-section for positioning tabulating stops co-opcrating with said tabulating mechanism, and a single marginal scale effective for both carriage-sections and graduated to correspond with the tabulating scales for said carriages.

14. In a typewriting machine having a single printing field, the combination of two independently-operable letter-feeding carriage-sections, each movable past said field, and a pair of marginal stops effective to control the travel of either carriage-section within the range of its letter-feeding movement.

15. In a typewriting machine having a single printing field, the combination of two carriagesections, each operable independently in respect to said printing field while the other carriage is in ineffective position,

a pair of marginal stops efliective to control the travel of either carriage-section, and means associated with the left hand marginal stop for manually rendering said stop ineffective so as to permit shifting of the left-hand carriage to its ineffective position.

16. In a typewriting machine having a pair of independently-operable carriages, each being ope able in the printing field and each having an escapement-rack co-operating 7, In a 'typewriting machine having a pair ol independently-operable carriages, each being operable in the printing field and each having an escapen1entrack eo-operating with a fixed escapement-whee'l, said racks being disconnectible "from the escapement- Wheel to pe'rmitmanual shifting of the carriage associated therewith, means for hooking the two carriages together, and means for automatically hooking the, escapementracks together so that either rack may be rendered ineffective when the other rack is operated, said last-mentioned means includ ing a collapsible plunger carried by one of the racks and a block carried by the other rack, said block having a hole therein for receiving the plunger.

18, In a typewritingmachine having two independently movable letter-feeding carriages, the combination with afsingle carriage-mot-or, of means enabling said single motor to drive either carriage while the other carriage is stationary.

'19. In a typewriting machine having a single set of printing instrumentalities, the combination with two letter-feeding carriages, each independently movable in respect to said printing instrumentali-ties, of carriage-propelling 'means for letter-feeding ei'thercarriage while the other carriage is stationary.

20. In a typewriting machine having two independently-movable letter-feeding carriages, the combination with a single carriage-motor, of a differentially acting device automatically enabling said motor to drive either carriage while the-other carriage is stationary.

In a typewriting machine having a single set of printing instrumentalities, the

combination with a letter-feeding carriage for a work-react a seeond-letter-feeding carriage for another work-web, and means enabling either carriage to be brought into action in respect to said printing instrumentalities, so that typing may be done upon either Work-Web. I V

22. In a typewriting machine having a single set of printing instrumentalities, the combination with a letter-feeding carriage for a multiple-ply work-web, said carriage having a platen, line-spacing means, and de vices enabling said platen to feed a multipleply work-web interleaved with carbon-sheets across the printing line, said devices including means carried by said carriage and operative for effecting the shifting of the carbon-sheet relatively to said work-web, of'a second carriage also having a platen, linespacing means and web-feeding and carbonshifting devices as aforesaid, and means enabling either carriage to be brought into action in respect to said printing instrumentalities, so that while typing is being done on either work-web the other carriage may hold its work-web in stationary reserve ready for typing.

23. In a typewriting machine, the. combination with a pair of carriages, each independ ntly operable past the same printing field, each carriage having a letter-spacing rack co-operable with an 'escapement device, each rack being movable for disconnection from the escapement device to permit manual shifting of its associated carriage, of

means whereby said carriagesmay be operated togetheras a unit, said means including rack-connecting means, whereby "a carriage-releasing movement of one rack ef fects a similar movement of theother rack when the carriages are operated as a unit.

24. In a 'typewriting machine, the combination with a pair of carriages, each independently operable past the same printing field, each carriage having a letter-spacing rack cooper-able with an escapement device,

each rack being movable for disconnection from the escapement device to permit man ual shiitmgfof its assoc ated carriage, of

means whereby said carriages may be 013-- erated together as a unit, said means including -raok-connecting means, whereby a carriage-releasing movement of one rack eiiects a similar movement of the other rack when automatically connect said racks as the dis placed rack assumes, in said juxaposition, its normal position relative to said escapement device.

25. In a typewriting machine, the com" bination with apair of carriages, each independently operable past the same printing field, of means whereby said carriages they be operated together as a unit, said means being constructed to automatically become effective to connect and hold said carriages together as one carriage is brought into endwise juxtaposition with the other.

26. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a pair of carriages, each independently operable past the same printing; field, of means whereby said carriages may be operated together as a unit, said means being; constructed to automatically become effective to connct and hold said carriages together as one carriage is brought into endwise juxtaposition with the other, said means also being operable to permit the disconnection and separation of said carriages.

27. I11 a typew-riting machine having a single set of printing inst-rmnentalities, the combination with a letter-feeding carriage for a work-web and a letter-feeding escapement device controlled by said printing instrumentalities and effective upon said carriage, of a second letter-feeding carriage for another work-web, and means enabling the first carriage to be shifted from operative connection with said printing instrumentalities and escapement device. and also enabling the other cariage to be brought into operative connection with said printing instrumentalities and escapement device upon said disconnection. of the first carriage.

28. In a typewriting machine having; an escapement device, the combination with two independently-movable letter-feeding carriages, means for bringing either carriage into operative relation with said escapement device while the other carriage is disconnected from said device, and carri agepropellinrr means urging both carriages to move in a letter-feeding direction, of means for holding the disconnected carri: against the effort of the car]'iage-propelling means.

29. In a typewritinn machine having an escapement device, the combination with a letter-feeding carriage normally controlled by said escapement device, means enal b said carriage to be shifted to a position in which it is disconnected from the escapement device, and carriag e-propelling means always urging said carriage in a letter-feedinc; direction, of means for holding said carriage, in its disconnected position, against the effort of the carriage-propelling means.

30. In a typewriting machine having: an escapement device, the combination with a letter-feeding carriage normally controlled by said escapement device, means enabling said carriage to be shifted to a position in a direction opposite to the direction of its letter-feeding travel for disconnection from the escapement device. and carriage-propelling means always urging said carriage in a letter-feeding direction, of means for releasably holding said. carriage, in its disconnected position, against the effort of the carriage-propelling means.

-31. In a typewriting machine having an escapement device, the combination with a letter-feeding carriage normally controlled by said escapement device, and having a rack cooperating therewith and being releasable therefrom for shifting the carriage to and fro, means enabling said carria ge to be shifted to a position in which it is disconnected from the escapement device, and carriagepropelling means always urging said carriage in a letter-feeding direction, of means co-operating with said rack to hold said carriage in its disconnected position against the effort of the carriage-propelling means.

32. In a typewriting' machine having an escapement device. the combination with a letter-feeding carriage normally controlled by said escapement device, and having a rack co-operatinp; therewith and being releasable therefrom for shifting the carriage to and fro, means enabling said carriage to be shifted to a position in which it is disconnected from the escapement device, and carriage-propelling means always urging said carriage in a letter-feeding; direction, of means co-operating with said rack to hold said carriage in its disconnected position against the effort of the carriage-propelling means, said last-mentioned carriage-holding;- means being constructed to release said carriage by displacing; said rack.

33. A typewriting machine having, in combination, a type-system. a complete paper-carriage, lettter-feeding mechanism, guide-tracl s for said carriage, said carriage having sufficient range of letter-feeding movement along said guide-tracks to permit the full-width typing of an ordinary worksheet, an extension of said carriage-guiding tracks of sufficient length to permit the riage to travel thereon entirely out of typinnposition away from said type-system, and a companion complete carriage, said carriage-guiding tracks also having opposite extensions of sufficient length to permit the movement of said. companion carriage thereon entirely out of typing position away from said type-system, said extensions of sufficient length to permit each carriage to be moved out of the range of movement of the other, whereby different work-sheets may be pre sented alternatively to said type-system at will While retained in typing; positions in the carriages, said letter-feeding; mechanism including means effective while either carriage is presented to said typesystem and the other carriage remains idle in stationary position.

34. A machine as set forth in claim 33, having releasable means for connecting said carriages to travel as a unit.

85. A machine as set forth in claim 33., having provision for silencing the letterfeeding mechanism as to either carriage,

said mechanism being common to the can riages.

36. In a machine as set forth in claim 33,

and in combination, a driving spring nected to drive either carriage While the other remains stationary.

37. In a typewriting machine having a tingle printing field, the combination with two independently-operable letter-feeding carriages, each operable in respect to vsaid printing field While the other carriage is in ineffective position, removed from said printing field, of a pair of marginal stops.

for controlling the travel of either carriage within the range of its letter-feeding movement, and means associated with each marginal stop capable of rendering it ineffective, to permit shifting ol either carriage to its ineffective position 38. In a typewriting machine having a single printing field, the combination with two letter-feeding carriages, each having provision for carrying a worleweb and be ing independently movable past the printing field for typing at will upon either worle' web, and means enabling said carriages to be operated as a unit for typing upon said work-webs alternately, of tabulating mechanism effective for either carriage when operated independently and also effective for both car iages when operated as a unit.

JESSE A. B. SMITH.

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