US1695695A - Fuel economizer - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 18, 1928.

G. W. MEYERs FUEL EcoNoMIzER Filed Jan. :5. 1922 2 sheets-sheet i Il ,lllll i BY .ATTORNEYSS` Y@ 1 fl Dec. 18, 1928.

G. w. MEYERs FUEL ECONOMIZERI Filed Jan. 3, 1922 y 2 sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR BY ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 1.8, 1928.

UNITED 4STATE PATENT OFFICE.

GEORG W. MEYERS, F RAHWAY, NEW JERSSEY.

FUEL EcoNoMIzER.

Application led 'January 3', 1922. Serial No. 526,724.

automatic and reliable in operation for pre-l heating and regulating the air supply to the combustion chamber and for governing the stack or pipe velocities of the products of combustion.

Another object includes the provision of temperature sensitive mechanism connected to air control and combustion control devices for regulating the same.

A further object includes the provision of means for preheating the air fed to the com-` bustion chamber.

Another object includes the provision of a confined` area for increasing the velocity of the products of combustion. v v A still` further object includes the provision of mechanism for varying the rate of combustion in accordance with outside temperature conditions. A

Other objects will appear hereinafter, and I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Y Fig. 1 is a view in in section.

Fig. 2 is an end view. Fig. 3 is a view taken on the line 3, 3, Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan` view of the -diaphragm control device..

Fig. 5 is a View taken on the line 5, 5, of

elevation, partly shown Fi 4.' y

imilar numeralsv refer to like parts in the several views. y

I have discovered that when warmed or heated air is supplied at a vproperrate to burning fuel in a furnace or combustion chamber, that combustion can be rendered practically perfect, andthat'no unconsumed carbonand tarry substance will be given off as black smoke. Furthermore, by properly regulating the velocities of the products ofl combustion within thevsmoke-pipe, or stack,

it is possible, while supplying superheatedI air to the fuel to maintain a bright and clean fire, without practically any loss of heat units escaping with the products of combustion. To this purpose I provide an automatic regulating mechanism herein disclosed as an embodiment of my invention. But I do not desire thereby to be understood as thus limiting myself to the specific mechanism, as various modifications may obviously be made by those skilled in the art, coming'wholly within the spirit and scope of my invention.

Referring now to the drawing, a form of construction of my economizer comprises a suitable flue-pipe, or stack-pipe, 10, having a Venturi tube or reduced annulus 11, which is fastened at the furnace end to pipe 10 by a shoulder ring 12. A short distance beyond the shoulder ring there is fastened a main throat damper 13, to which is attached an indicator handle 14 having a pointer 15, which points to a scale 16 on the iue pipe for the purpose hereinafter specified.

At the furnace end of the flue pipe, and, preferably, on the upper side of the pipe, there'is provided the cold air intake hood or air inspirator 17, having a safety opening y18 for preventing the accumulation of combustible gases, and a main opening 19, for conducting the incoming air `into contact with the heated Venturi tube for preheating the air, which is then conducted to the combustion chamber of the furnace 38, to then enter the Venturi tube at the furnace end. The heated air thus supplied to the'combustion chamber combines vigorously with the fuel in the furnace, and causes complete combustion of any unconsumed or uncombined gases or carbon. The products of combustion then pass out through the Venturi tube in accordance with the law governing gases passing through restricted passages. These heated gases pass lthrough the Venturi tube with a swirlin rush. The degree and rate of velocity 1s regulated by `the dampers, and as these gases pass out they give up a considerablepart of their heatto the incoming air. As combustion takes place largely within the furnace chamber 38 it will be apparent that practically no heat is lost with the` outgoing gases.v v

For the automatic regulation of the'supply of air and therefore regulation of the rate of combustion, the opening 19 is controlled by an,VA automatic regulator 20', and by an air inspirator gate 20, which is attached by arm 21, to the forward end of the check damper plate 22, and is adjustably held in place by a set screw 28. It is understood that when 20 is opened wide, 20 will assume the position shown in dotted lines due to air passing into the furnace. The check damper plate is pivotally balanced on a Trimmon bearing 24 on the saddle or check damper housing 25. This housing is attached to the flue pipe at 26, and carries, at its forward end, the operating diaphragm motor 27, a-nd the adjustment screw 27. The check damper housing is provided with an air inlet opening 28, for admitting air directly into the flue pipe when the check damper is open, as will appear more fully hereinafter. The location and purpose of the check draft not only retards the stack velocities of the products of combustion, but acts also directly on the sensitive diaphragm motor.

This motor comprises a sealed storage receptacle 29, a diaphragm case 30,` and the diaphragm control, which comprises the expansible plates 31, and the operating frame 32. These plates are flexibly united at their edges and open like a bellows as is well known. The frame is attached directly to the diaphragm bar 40, at one end, and at the other end to the governor rod 33, by an adjusting nut 33. This rod is pivotally joined with the pitman bar 34, which in turn is slidably connected with the damper coupling 35 by pivot 36. As is best shown in Figs. 1 and 4, the diaphragm plates are flexibly united and form a hollow receptacle, which is connected to the storage chamber 29 by a vapor tight connection 37. A volatile liquid, as ether, or ether and alcohol, is laced in the Stora e chamber, and this liqui is infiuenced by t e temperature conditions of thecheck air and the products of combustion which come into contact with the chamber.

The entire economizer may form a art of the flue pipe, or stack pipe, and it may connected directly to the usual smoke pipe joint 50 or flue opening of the furnace 38 as is indicated by Fig. v1. No alteration in the furnace itself is necessary for applying my invention to the usual furnace as the economizer merely replacesone or two lengths of the usual flue pipe. A nail or-rivet l-frmly secures the economizer on to the joint 50.

In the operation of my automatic fuel economizing smoke consuming perfect combustionaregulator, the volatile liquid vapor which operates the diaphragm motor is not lost, as the motor is vapor tight. As the diaphragm members` are is close proximity with the flue, it will readily appear that any condensed liquid in this chamber will re- Vaporize upon rise of temperature.

From the above description the operation of my device is self-explanatory. Having set the indicator at the appropriate temperature on the scale, which is designed to properly regulate the rate of combustion to correspond to the outside `temperature corresponding to scale 16 in Fig. 1 and having supplied a suitable amount of fuel, combustion proceeds within the furnace. If the diaphragm now contracts, due to the cooling effect of the check/draft rushing in at 28, when the check damper plate is down, the air inspirator gate 2O will open and admit a fresh supply of air. This air comes in Contact with the heated Venturi tube and is preheated Tlience it is fed to the furnace where it unitesl with the carbon and gases in the manner stated above. As the temperature of the diapliragm motor increases the volatile contents will vaporize and cause the dia hragm mem- V ber to expand, thereby again c osing the inspirator gate and opening the check damper to the degree governed by temperature conditions and the position of the indicator. By my automatic control mechanism the amount of air inspirated is overned and the stack velocities of the pro ucts of combustion are in turn automatically controlled by the check damper operating in conjunction with the throat damper. It is further evident that the inspirated air takes care of the combustion gases, and by beingpreheated in the manner shown and descr ed, it also conserves a large amount of heat which would otherwise be lost and pass up the ue or stack.

Having now described my invention and shown a'manner of ap lying the same, what I claim as new and use ul and of my own invention and desire to 'secure by Letters Patent is,-

1. In an automatically controlled combus-n tion mechanism having a combustion chamber, a member` for conducting products of combustion from said chamber, means for conductin air over said member and into said cham er, said member and means being provided with a plurality of o enmgs, independentl controlled shutters or said openings, an means for operating said shutters in response to temperature chan es.

2. In an automatically contro ed combustion mechanism having a combustion chamber, a member for conducting productsofy combustion from said chamber, means for conductin air over said member and into said chain er in regulated quantities, said member and means being provided each with an aperture, shutters for said apertures, and

connections between said shutters whereby fthe aperture in the member is closed as aperture in the means is opened.

3. In an automatically controlled combustion mechanism having a combustion chamber, a member for conducting products of combustion from said chamber, means for conductin air over said member and said cham er, said member and means being provided each with an aperture, independent the shutters for said apertures conections between said shutters and thermo-Sensitive means for controlling said shutters.

4. .In a thermo-sensitive device for operating a combustion regulating mechanism, a saddle for said mechanism, said saddle supporting the device at one end and supporting a set of draft regulating dempers at the other, and operative connections between said mechanism and said dampers whereby the rate of combustion is controlled.

5. In a thermo-sensitive motor for operating a combustion regulating device, a saddle for said motor, said saddle carrying the heat sensitivedevice at one end, a set of draft reg- 15 ulating dampers at the other, connected with said device, a pivot for balancing said dampers and a connection rod connecting said' heat sensitive device, and dampers for controlling the rate of combustion.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand on 1921.

this 23rd day of December A. D.,

GEORGE W. MEYERS.

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