US1693987A - Method of and apparatus for the manufacture of structural shapes - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 4, 1928. 1,693,987

C. W. A. KOELKEBECK METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF STRUCTURAL SHAPES Filed July 9, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 w uwE/vrwe: MW

Dec. 4, 1928.

C, W. A. KOELKEBECK METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF STRUCTURAL SHAPES Filed July 9, 1925 s SheetS- -Sheet 2 J] HIHI H JlHlHII H NVENTOR. 4 l r 4 a 1,

BY ATTORNEY.

Dec. 4, 1928.

C. W. A. KOELKEBECK METHOD OF AND APPARATUS F01 THE MANUFACTURE OF STRUCTURAL SHAPES Filed July 9, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Z INVENTEIRL ABY% HTTURNEK Patented Dec. 4, 1928.

AUNITEDSTATES CARL W. A. KO ELK EBECIL'OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF AND. APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE STRUCTURAL'SHAPES I Application filed July. 9, 1925. yserial No. 42,414. w h A This invention relates to the manufacture of structural shapes such'for instance, as

I-beams, channels and the like. A A According to the present invention,it is proposed to associate with a mill for the produc- A Ation of rolled structural shapes, means for removing a portion of the web of the beam or other structural shape for the purpose hereinafter set forth. A g I A. A r l 1 WVith the present invention, such removal of a portion of the Web is effected in the ordinary practice of rolling with only someslight addition to the equipment now generally pro vided. A

of a shape having a solid web, but having considerably less metal and weight than a solid Web beam of the same dimensions, and

20. considerably more strength than a beam of Fig. 1 represents a plan view of rolling'mill i with my invention applied thereto.

' Fig. 2 is-a view similar to Fig. l of a slight- 1y modified arrangement.

as Fig. 3 represents a longitudinal. section through a form ofpuncharranged for use;

"with the present invention. A

. Fig. v4= is a transverse view of thepress shown in Fig.3; v A

of punch. v 1 1 Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a section of the finished product. I g V I Fig. 8 is a transverse section in the plane of line VIII VI II of Fig. 7. A ,7

Referring first to Figs. 7 and 8,5 designates a portion of the lengthofan ordinary structural shape,such as an I-beam,-with a central 'web 6 and upper and lower flanges 7.

particular form shown, is its central axis, is designated by the line aa. the web are holes 8. While I have shown neutral axis, the principle :of the invention The resulting product is a structural ele- .ment having practically all of the strength Figs. 5- and 6 are viewscorresponding to Figs. 3 and 4, respectively, ofa differentform The neutral axis of the beam, which in the A Punched in,

these holes as being symmetrical about. the

is not so restricted. Removal of the metal to form the several holes 8, the total area of which represents a considerable percent age of the total area of the Web, effects a considerable reduction in the overall weight of the beam as well-as a material saving of metal. Thus it enables the height of the structural web to be materially increased without proportionately increasing itsfaverage weight per foot: Anlincre'aseinthe height of theweb materially increases the moment 'of resistance of the structure. v'Thus, the

practical effect of removing the metal along the neutral axis .of'the'structurallbeam is to materially increase the strength of a beam with respect to its wei'ght j This is accordin'g tothe formula; a

in which R is the momentof. resistance, the

I width, and h the height of the beam, while '6 is a constant. Assume this formula asapplying first to a bar six inches high and two inches wide.

Then,

Assume next, a bar two inches wide and twelve inches high with six inches of the web removed equally about its neutrala'xis, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, so'that there remains only the :area' of metal found in abar six inches high plus the practically negligible area of the metal between theholes. I

Then,

Thus, inthe example given, it maybe seen that byincreasingthe weight .of a beam only 7 i trebled.

ticularly to. amea'ns and method for com mercially producing a structural element as described in connection with, Figs. 7 and 8.

In Fig. 1 of'the drawings, Afdesignates-a roughing mill ofanystandard or preferred" The present invention relates more parform designates a finishingmill. Suitable transfer tablesC may be provided in connection with this mill, for manipulating the beam as desired. The tables may be of any suitable construction, but are preferably of the type diagrammatically indicated, having power driven rollers therein. At D, is a run-out table as generally provided and E represents a hot bed of a type commonly employed,adaptedto receive the rolled product and ,from hi h the rolled product may be transferred to second roller table or con- YGYOIF. t 1 a *so much of the equipment as hasbeende scribed is usually employed in structural inillsof-t-he present type. j According to the preferred form of the present invention, it isp roposedto provide a-s econd run'out trough'or table G,parallel ovitliD, so that the productof the finishing mill B mayjbe fed ontortable G by shifting a transfer table intoa li'neme'nt therewith,

instead of onto table D.

G ata suitable point is a cropping saw of any standard or preferred construction and diagrammatically shown and designated H. Disposed rearwardly of this, is a pair of power driven feed or pinch rolls I. At 'J is indicated a punch of the verticallyrecipro- "eating type and. K designates a rotary punch. Two punchesare preferably provided in the installation, the former "for large structural units and the latter for operation on smaller stuff.

ThepunchJ is of more or less standard construction, and is shown in detail in Fig. 3.

It includes a die or base member 10 disposed ender the run-out table G rea-rwardlyof the feed rolls I, and the topof the'die is flush with the tops of the rollers sothat thebeain 5 will 1 be supported thereon during the punching operation. Spanning the table G above the die- Tisa supporting arch ll -which'calries a pressure cylinder 12 for effecting reciprocation of a punch 13. 1Obviously,any-suitable power press mall be substituted.

The punch fo operation on smaller work, is preferably of a rotary type, shown somewhat in detail inFigsfEv a1jd 6. In these draw1ngs,14 design ates a. lower roll transverse to the table G and having its edge'arranged y to bejust below the beam 5 as it rolls along thereover; qln tliis'cylinderis an opening 15 around which is aportionfof the roll to proyvide a "supportand outt'ingedge against which 7 'a s tobrin die 15 and puneh 1 7 opposite each" 1 Othei-att e same time, at which time a part the beai'nfibears during the pressing opera- Htion. 7

Above transverse roll i's.ajfsecondtransverse roll 16, having ajpunch or perforator 17 on its periphthe table G directly over the slower ery. 3 These rolls are driven in sy'rnehro'nisin so ofthe Weber-beam 5 ispunehed out, as shown Reciprocable transversely across the table 'rollsbeyond the punch;

innigi 5. 7Thusholes may be punched inthe web of thebeam at regular intervals and in a continuous manner.

1n; the .tableG, rearwardly of'the said sec- 0nd punch, is a pair or stand of finishing rolls L, preferably ofthe universal type which function to flatten out and smooth over any distortion resultingfrom'the punching procc a s. The end portion of table G may run along a second hot bed, designated 18.

In carrying outthe inventiomthe shapes are first rolled in the usual manner, firstin the roughing rollsand then in the finishing rollsB, and then whiletheyare still hot, they are punched and smoothed out. The pinclb ing rolls serve to feed shapes forward as they arepunched. y

r, y happen, that after the fore they aresmoothed out. 11f reheating is desiredfa furnac e N maybe provided in the table G beyond thepunches, as shown in Fig.

beams are punched, the will have cooled to a point where it isdesira le toreheat' them be- 2,:which is otherwisesimilar to Fig. 1. Fig.

2 also suggests the useof a suitable straightening device, asat'O for straightening the .pun-ched product, mechanism 0 to be used in addition to rolls L." t y VVhile'I have-described a preferredtalr- .rangement of the apparatus, and shownit in connection with present standard rolling mill equipment, it will be understood that the arrangement and organization may be varied within the spirit of the invention and'under yond the punch.

and finishing rolls along 'therun out table be Amill for the manufacture of structural shapes, a run-out table associated therewith, "a punch to which the run-out tabledelivers, and finishing rolls beyond the punch.

3. A mill for the production of structural shapes, including rolling finite,- a, run-out table associated therewith, a transfer table for receiving a shape from the rollingiunits and delivering it ontov the run-out-ftable,

a punch over the run-outtable,fa reheating furnace beyond the punch, and finishing means beyond the reheating furnace.

LA mill for the'productionof structural shapes,'including rolling unitsin which finished shapesare formed, atransfertable for receiving a finished shape therefrom, a juxtaposed run-out table to which the transfer table delivers, a cropping saw associated with the run out table, a punch associated with the run-out table beyond the saw,

nd finishing 5. A method of forming open web structur- I al beams which consists in passing newly rolled shapes directl from a mill to a regularities produced in punching.

6. A method of forming open web structural shapes which consists in passing the completed shapes from a rolling mill directly to a punching means and punching the same before they are cold, thenheating the punched shapes, and rollers. i p a 7. A method of forming open web structurpassing them through finishing a1 shapes which includes forming the shapes by a hot rolling process in a mill, delivering the shapes from the mill toa run-out table, I trimming the ends of the shapes as they move g per forator and perforating the webs thereof before the shapes are cold, and then passing the shapes through finishing rolls to remove iralong the table, punching holes [in the webs ofthe shapes as they move along the run-out v run-out table, a perforator to which the run- I out table delivers, and a finishing-stand be yond the mill. I

9. A mill for the manufacture of structural shapes, a run-out table associated therewith,

' a perforator to which the run-out table delivers, a reheating furnace beyond theperfora tor, and a finishing stand comp-rising a uni versal mill beyond the furnace perforator comprising a universal ,In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

CARL. W. A. KQELK EBECK.

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