US1689950A - Grinding machine, grinding wheel, and method of cooling the same - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 30, 1928.

W. B. LEONARD, 2D

GRINDING MACHINE, GRINDING WHEEL,

AND METHOD OF COOLING THE SAME Filed Sept. 6, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet We arflufiaaizarii g ma, a

Oct. 30, 1928. 1,689,950 4 W. B. LEONARD, 2D

GRINDING MACHINE, GRINDING WHEEL, AND METHOD OF COOLING THE SAME Filed Sept. 6, 1927 2 Sheets- Sheet 2 132062771? flzikzlmmrii Patented Oct. 30, 1928.

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PAT ENIIf-OFE FQE,

WALTER n. LEONARD; 213, or BBOVIDENGE, nrronn. ISLAND, r ss enon roalvmnioanj map WHEEL worms r BOWD E RHODE D, warrenrmada manna istann'.

GRINDING MACHIN enmnme WHEEL, Ann mn'rnonorjooonme TH E SAME:

Application an September My invention relates torgrinders, partioularly to a typaeomprising a substantially cylindrical wall-of abrasive material having a substantially annulan grinding face onv the lower end thereof, commonly known-inrthe trade asa cylinder surface grinding Wheel.

My invention is generally similar inobjeets. to thetype of grinders shown and described in Patent, l,600,054 granted Sept. 14 1926, to'Dayid- D; McLaughlin and myself! to proe videbetter l ubri'eation for the grind:ing face and to eoeltli e grinding face thereof,- thereby permittin the use of a-wheel"having ariinoi'; 5

single, pass ofthe grinder and particularly adapted for continuous automatiofeed of small arti'eles,,sueh as balljraees, valve tap pets and )istons etcvjaeross the grindingfaee thereof, thus having the amount of feed tremendously increased over the; amount of, feed, for which the type oftn'iachine that the grind erofuny former patent was used" iLIldftlS the d'epthof feed'is so great, it is Obvious that themaehines and the grinding wheels have to be constructed much stronger and that the type of wheel shown ininy former patent asitnot inherentl as strong as the type of wheel shown in the present'applieation eould'not be readily. employed therein. In thetype of machines in which Jny foriner 1 invention .W as employed the width of the rim in Contact with thework was, in general considerably smaller than the area of unit work being ground Whereas as explained in the soealled automatic type of grinding machines des gned. primarily to grind'the surface of aeontinuous stream of smallobjects, the unit of" each object being ground ienormau much smaller. than the; Width ofi rim, incontact' with the work and if the type; of 'tlie wheel shownin e, 1927. w swat no. mama my: former patent wereused in the ,inaehine of this type the small objects: would; tend:

to eatohin the grooves as the grinder; came 7 intoioontact therewith and tendto teari it;

In preparing a type of wheelisuri'tablei for use in; continuous au'toinatie grinding and one other types of grinding. machines: I hmze evolved aIne'W systeinof cooling a grinding surface adapted. for cooling rotating grind ing' surface moving in eyeles relative to :wo'rk and contacting the work duringza portioniof only of said; eycliewhiclr eonip-rises: forming: pockets preferably enclosed axial vertical:

pockets in said grind-in gisurfaeeand rainmi-ng preferably vertically, pistons of ooolant into said pockets, si'ibstantiallyat the beginning-0f the uneontaeting 'porti ons of-said cycle and. so regulztting the size of tl ie objeet and grinder andthe speed'conditions thereof tliat the eis tons of coolant drop-by gravity. before tlie actual grinding portion of said eyele=,l ieg'i n'si-' Further eats of niy invention-therefore are I to provid'efa Wheel and somodify existing,

grinding machines that it may-be capable of carrying out this invention ajndI therefore provide, I: believe}, for tire; first time a novel combination of grinding 'wlieel and other means attached to the grinding mae-hineffbr this purpose Further-obj ects of niyinvention; therefore are to provide a grinder for use in surface per; ends thereof! Asit isniw ell known the arch or dome sliapeeonstruction ismuch stronger architecturally than upper ends with; corners Would-be. i I p a I In actual ane a; certain amount, of detritusg atliers in front efthe revolving;-

pockets on the grinding face and work. I therefore preferably arrange the elliptical pockets on the grinding surface obliquely to the radius preferably inclined outwardly from the inside of the face towards the outside in the direction of rotation of said face so as to function as one side of a snow plow in forcing the detritus outwards and if these pockets are placed obliquely in the direction just explained, it is apparent that they will function in combination with the centrifugal force of the rotating wheel to aid in throwing the detritus to the outside. If however, these pockets are arranged obliquely in the opposite direction it is apparent that they will function as the side of a snow plow forcing the material towards the center of the grimling face when it is then free of the pockets it may be forced outwardly from the center or dropped through the central holes of the grinder. If desired the elliptical pockets may be arranged radially across the grinding surface in which case the snow plow action is lost, but the pockets function as successfully as Coolants. I have discovered that in practice, however, if the pockets arrai'iged obliquely to the radius it largely increa the grinding action of the grinder.

These and such other objects of my invcn tion as may hereinafter appear will be best understood from the description of the ac companying drawings.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of a machine adapted for use in a continuous automatic grinding with my invention attached.

Fig; 2 is a side elevation showing the relative positions of the grinding wheel, work holding chuck and coolantsupply.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic perspective view taken from underneath of the same elements shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a reverse plan view of a grinder constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view thereof taken along the line 55,of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a reverse plan view of a modified form of my invention wherein the elliptical pockets are arranged radially across the grinding face.

Fig. 7 is a. reverse plan view of an additional modified form of my invention wherein the pockets are arranged obliquely alternately on the grinding face.

In. the drawings, wherein like characters of reference indicate like parts throughout. 10 generally indicates a grinder for use in sur face grinding comprising a cylindrical ring of substantial depth having a wall 12 of inherently abrasive material having an annular grinding face 14 on the lower end thereof having the enclosed pockets 16 preferably substantially elliptical in section extending part way across said face 14 preferably obliquely to the radius as shown in Figs. i,

5 and T enclosed by the side wall 12 thereof extending upwards a substantial distance within said wall l2 and terminating in the rounded ends 18 or if desired extending com pletely to the top.

lVhile my invention may be used in any suitable type of grinding mimhinc, as stated it is preferably designed for use on so called automatic vertical continuous surface grinders employing the socallcd automatic system as more particularly described in Patent #l,599,37l aforesaid, reference to which is hereby made for further details of the machine. As shown in Fig. 1 said machine has the usual support 20 including a suitable revolving wheel chuck for holding the rotating wheel 10 of my invention which as hitherto stated is designed to be substituted for the plain cylinder type of grinders now used thereon. In this continuous system of grinding preferably a revolving magnetic chuck Q-l for holding a plurality of small pieces of work is cirqiloyed on which the work pieces are placed at one point carried past the grinder and removed at another point all within a cycle of rotation of said grinder. the work being continuously fed on to said revolving chuck 24 through the inlet apron and removed from said chuck through the outlet apron '28. As: shown diagrammatically in Figs. 2 and 3 it is thus obvious that the rotating grinding surface it moves in cycles relative to the continuous stream of work and contacts the work during a portion only of said cycle.

As st ated hitherto. my invention includes a novel nn-thod of lubricating grinding surfaces moving in cycles relative to the work and includcs as said novel method. forming pockets: in said grimling surfacc and ramming pistons of cooiant into the pockets :uibstantially at the beginning of the um-ontacting portion of said cycle and so regulating thesizc of the objects and speed thereof that the pistons drop by gravity before the grinding cycle begins. 1 therefore provide the coolant supply means: 30 preferably project ins, vcrt ically upwards immediately underneath said pockets a jacent the point near where the grinding surface first lcarcs the work adaptcd to force the coolant. .L as ramming pistons H into these pockets at this point which pistons Ill may drop from said pockets 1( before the grinding surface adjacent thereto again contacts the work. its stated hitherto my invention includes providing a novel combination of this type of grinder with a grinding machine modified to 'functirm thcrcvi'ith by urranging the grinding wheel and work iii this definite relationship and providing the coolant supply 30 at the proper place.

As stated hitherto I preferably construct the pockets 16 substantially elliptical in shape so that the pistons S t will have a chance to move around in the pockets to and substantially cleanse thenrand remove all detritus therefronn As stated hitherto in order to provide a strong construction and to prevent the detritus from sticking in corners, I preferably terminate the pockets 16 in the rounded upper ends 18. p i

Asalso stated hitherto in Order that the pockets 16 may function as the wallof a snow plow, preferably in combination with the centrifugal force produced by the rotary grinder, I preferably arrange them across the grinding face obliquely to the radius preferably inclinedoutwardly from the inside outward in the direction of rotation of the grinder, though if desired the pockets 16 may be arranged radially as shown in Fig. 6 in which case theywill function just as well for cooling and lubricating purposes but will lack the snow plow action for removing the detritus and the shearing action where the pockets are arran ed obliquely to the radius. Inig. 7 I have s iown a further modified form of the invention in which the'pockets are arranged alternately obliquely in different directions.

It is thusobvious that I have provided a novel type of grinder, a novel method of cooling grinding surfaces and a novel combination between a specificnovel type of grinder and a modified type of grinding machine,

which accomplishestheresults explained in detail hitherto, which broadly speaking includes the provision ofan integral grinding Wheel asa substitute for types of wheelsformerly used incontinuous automatic grinding of longer life and greater strength and which has the advantages over the cylinder wheels in general. particularly Where cooling and lubricating are concerned similar to those of the device patented by me in Patent It understood that my invention is not limited to. the specific grinder or'apparatus shown or methods described and that various deviations may be made therefroinwvithout departing from the spirit and scopeof the appended claims.

What I claim is:

"1. In a grinding inachine fin combination,

a rotating surface grinder comprising a cylindrical ring of substantial depth having a wall of inherently abrasive mater al having an annular grinding face on one end thereof and having enclosed pockets substantially elliptical in section extending part wayacross the annular grinding facethereof obliquely to the radial enclosed by the side wall thereof extending upwards a substantial distance Within the wall thereof and terminating in rounded upper ends,means for moving work arcuatelyacross a portion only of said ro tating annular grinding face and means to project a stream of coolant-substantially ver.

tically'upwardly into said ockets adjacent the point of departure OfSElld grinding face from the Work, whereby cooling pistons of l a rotating surface coolant may be rammed into said pockets after the grindin face leaves the work and dropped out before said pockets again reach the work. d a

2. In a grinding machine, infcombination,

a rotating surface grinder comprising a cylindrical ring of substantial depth having a wall of inherently abrasive material having an annular grinding face on one end thereof and havlng enclosed pockets extending part Way across the annular grinding face thereof enclosed by the side wall thereof extending 1 upwards a substantial distance Within the Wall thereof, means for moving work arcuately across a portion only of said rotating annular grinding face and means to project afistream of coolant substantially vertically F upwardly into said pockets adjacent the point of departure of said grinding face from the work, whereby cooling pistons of coolant may an i.

be rammed into said pockets after the grinding face leaves the work and dropped out before said'pockets again reach the work. d

3; In a grinding mach ne, in comb nation;

rinder compris ng a cylindrical ring of substantial depth having a wall of inherently abrasive material having an annular grinding face on one end thereof and having pockets extending across the annular grinding face thereof extending upwards a substantial distance of the wall thereof,

means for moving work arcuatelya'cross it p portion only of said rotating annular grinding face and means to project a stream'of coolant into said pockets ad acent the point- Inn of departure of said grinding face fromthc work, whereby cooling pistons of coolant may be rammed into'said pockets after the grind-f ing face leaves the work and dropped out be fore said'pockets again reach the work.

4. In a grinding machine, in combination,

a rotating surface grinder comprising a cy' lindrical ring of substantial depthhaving a" Wall of inherently abrasive material having an annular grinding face on one end thereof and having enclosed pockets extending part way across the annulargrinding face thereof enclosed bythe sidewall thereof extending upward s a substantial distance within the wall thereof, means formoving work across a portion only of said rotating annular grinding face and means to project a stream of coolant into sald pockets ad acent the point of departwe of said grinding face from theworln whereby coolingpistonsfof coolant may be rammed into said pockets after the grinding face leaves the work and dropped out before stantial distance within the wall thereof and terminating in rounded upper ends, means for moving work arcuately across a portion only of said rotating annular grinding face and means to project a. stream or coolant into saidpoekets adjacent the po nt of departure of said grinding face from the work, whereby cooling pistons of coolant may be rammed into said pockets after the grinding face leaves the work and dropped out before said pockets again reach the work.

6, In a grinding machine, in combination, a rotating surface grinder comprising a cylindrical ring of substantial depth having a wall of inherently abrasive material having an annular grinding face on one end thereof and having pockets extending across the annular grinding face thereof obliquely to the radial extending upwards a substantial distance within the wallthereof, means for mov-- ing work areuately across a portion only of said rotating annular grinding face and means to project a stream of coolant into said pockets adjacent the point of departure of said grinding face from the work, whereby cooling pistons of. coolant may be rammed into said pockets after the grinding face leaves the work and dropped out before said pockets again reach the work.

7. In a grinding machine, in combination, a rotating surface grinder comprising a cylindrical ring of substantial depth having a wall of inherently abrasive material having an annular grinding face on one end thereof and having pockets extendingacross the annular grinding face thereof extendiug upwards :1 substantial distance within the wall thereof, means for, moving. work arcuatcly across a portion only of said rotating annular grinding face and means. to project a stream of coolant substantially-vertically upwardly into said pockets adjacent the point of departure of said grinding face from the work whereby cooling pistons of coolant may be rammed into said pockets after the grimling face leaves the work and droppedout before said pockets again reach the work.

Fl. The method of lulnzicating a, rotating grinding surface moving in cycles relative to work amtcontacting the work during a portion only of said cycle. which comprises, forming axially vertical pockets in said grinding surface and vertically ramming pistons of coolant into said pockets substantially at the l'ieginning of the uncontactingportion of said cycle, the speed conditions being such.

that the pistons are dropped out before the grinding portion of said cycle begins.

9. The method of lubricating rotating grinding surface moving in cycles relative to work and contacting the work during the portiononly of said cycle, which comprises, forming pocketsin said grinding surface and ramming pistons ot coolant into said pockets substantially 1 t the beginning of the uncontactingz Portion of said cycle, the speed conditions being such that the pistons are dropped out before the grinding portion of said cycle begins.

10. A grinder for use in surface, grinding, comprising, a cylindrical ring of substantial depth having a wall of inherently abrasive material having an annular grinding face on one end thereof having enclosed pockets substantially elliptical in section extending partway across said surface obliquely to the radial enclosed by the side wall extending upwards a substantial distance within said wall and terminating in rounded upper ends.

11. A grinder for use in surface grinding, comprising, a cylindrical ring of substantial depth having a wall of inherently abrasive material having an annular grinding face on one end thereof having enclosed pockets extending part way across said surface enclosed by the side wall extending upwards a. substantial distance within said wall.

12. A grinder for use in surface grinding, con'iprising. a cylindrical ring of substantial depth having a wall of inherently abrasive material having anannular grinding face on one end thereof having enclosed pockets sub stantially elliptical in section extending part way across'said surface enclosed by. the side wall extending upwards a substantial distance within said wall.

13. A grinder for use in surface grinding. comprising, a cylindrical ring of substantial depth having a wall of inherently abrasive material having an annular grinding face on one end thereof having enclosed pockets extending part \ay across said surface obliquely to the radial enclosed by the side wall extending upwards a substantial distance within said wall.

14; A grinderfor use in surface grinding. comprising. a cylindrical ring of sul'istautial depth having a wall of inherently abrasive material having an annular grinding face on one end thereof having enclosed pockets extending part way across said surface enclosed, by the side. wall extending upwards a substain tial distance within said well and terminating in rounded upper ends.

In testimony whereof I allix my signature.

WALTER B. LEONARD, 2x1).

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